• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.641-646
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• 2012

Available phosphorus($P_2O_5$) in conventionally cultivated soil was more abundant in two fold than that of organically cultivated soil. Relative density of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) was higher in organically cultivated soil, That of welsh onion cultivated soil was the highest, that of strawberry was followed and then that of pepper, respectively. Relative density of AMF was inversely proportioned to available soil phosphorus. Phosphorus content of crop and relative density of AMF were more abundant in organically cultivated crop or soil. However available soil phosphorus content was much in conventionally cultivated soil. The phosphorus contents between soil and crop were negatively correlated. The phosphorus content of crop was increased as the relative density of AMF increased. Relative density of AMF in the organically cultivated soil and phosphorus content of the crop with organic cultivation were higher than those of conventionally cultivated.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.582-592
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• 2012

Microorganisms present in the rhizosphere soil plays a vital role in improving the plant growth and soil fertility. Many kinds of fertilizers including chemical and organic has been approached to improve the productivity. Though some of them showed significant improvement in yield, they failed to maintain the soil properties. Rather they negatively affected soil eventually, the land became unsuitable for agricultural. To overcome these problems, microorganisms have been used as effective alternative. For past few decades, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have been used as effective inoculants to enhance the plant growth and productivity. PGPR improves the plant growth and helps the plant to withstand biotic and abiotic stresses. AM fungi are known to colonize roots of plants and they increase the plant nutrient uptake. Spore associated bacteria (SAB) are attached to spore wall or hyphae and known to increase the AMF germination and root colonization but their mechanism of interaction is poorly known. Better understanding the interactions among AMF, SAB and PGPR are necessary to enhance the quality of inoculants as a biofertilizers. In this paper, current knowledge about the interactions between fungi and bacteria are reviewed and discussed about AMF spore associated bacteria.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.1002-1007
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• 2010

본 연구는 균근균 접종이 포도삽목묘의 생장에 미치는 영향과 균근 형성율 그리고 형성 양상을 구명하고자 수행하였다. 포도 삽목시, 균근균 접종원을 처리한 거봉과 탐나라 품종은 무 접종처리 보다 엽수, 엽면적, 총 뿌리길이 그리고 뿌리 표면적이 크게 증가하였다. 그러나 켐벨어리 품종의 총 뿌리길이와 뿌리 표면적은 무처리구 (AMF-)와 비교하여 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 접종 8주후 균근균 접종 처리구 (AMF+)의 형성율은 22.5-32.5%이었으며, 12주 후 켐벨어리, 탐나라 그리고 거봉의 균근 형성율은 각각 29.6%, 28.8% 그리고 48.8%이었다. 반면 균근균 무처리구 (AMF-)는 균근형성 수준이 매우 낮았다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.394-409
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• 1994

간척년도가 다른 두 간척지의 고등식물 근권에 존재하는 arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)의 포자밀도, 공생강도 및 소포밀도, 그리고 숙주식물인 산조풀, 띠, 비쑥, 갯개미취 및 사데풀의 식물량과 그외의 요소인, 토양의 전기전도도와 Zn 함량 및 식물체속 아연의 함량 등을 조사하여 AMF의 생물학적 특성과 식물의 아연 흡수에 미치는 AMF 공생활성의 영향 등을 연구하였다. 간척지 식물을 토양의 염분함량에 따라 분류하면 염생식물, 임의염생식물, 중성식물의 순으로 AMF 공생활성이 높았고 생활형으로 분류하면 1, 2, 다년 생식물로 감에 따라 AMF 공생활성이 높았다. AMF 공생활성의 계절 변화는 포자밀도가 고등식물의 생육말기부터 봄까지 커짐으로써 가을에 번식함은 알았고, 공생률은 봄, 여름에 높았고 가을에 낮았다. AMF의 공생활성인 포자밀도와 공생강도 사이는 높은 양의 상관이 나타났지만 소포밀도와 포자밀도 또는 소포밀도와 공생강도 사이에는 상관이 없었다. 식물량과 AMF 포자밀도 또는 공생강도 사이에는 높은 양의 상관이 나타났고, 식물량과 소포밀도 사이에는 뚜렷한 상관이 없었다. 이 결과로 간척지의 식물량은 AMF 공생에 의하여 증가되고 포자밀도와 공생강도가 AMF 공생활성의 중요한 척도임을 알았다. 아연 흡수는 AMF 공생활성이 높은 식물이 낮은 식물에 비하여 보다 많은 양을 흡수하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.848-855
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• 2020

Land subsidence induced by underground coal mining leads to severe ecological and environmental problems. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have the potential to improve plant growth and soil properties. We aimed to assess the effects of AMF on the growth and soil properties of sea buckthorn under field conditions at different reclamation times. Inoculation with AMF significantly promoted the survival rate of sea buckthorn over a 50-month period, while also increasing plant height after 14, 26, and 50 months. Crown width after 14 months and ground diameter after 50 months of inoculation treatment were significantly higher than in the uninoculated treatment. AMF inoculation significantly improved plant mycorrhizal colonization rate and promoted an increase in mycelial density in the rhizosphere soil. The pH and electrical conductivity of rhizosphere soil also increased after inoculation. Moreover, after 26 and 50 months the soil organic matter in the inoculation treatment was significantly higher than in the control. The number of inoculated soil rhizosphere microorganisms, as well as acid phosphatase activity, also increased. AMF inoculation may play an active role in promoting plant growth and improving soil quality in the long term and is conducive to the rapid ecological restoration of damaged mining areas.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.637-649
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• 2011

Soil microorganisms play a major role in improving soil fertility and plant health. Symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form a key component of the soil microbial populations. AMF form a mutualistic association with the host plant and exert a positive influence on its growth and nutrient uptake. The establishment of mycorrhizal symbioses with the host plant can positively be influenced by plant growth promoting rhizobacteria through various mechanisms such as increased spore germination and hyphal permeability in plant roots. Though there are evidences that combined interactions between AMF and PGPR can promote the plant growth however mechanisms of these interactions are poorly understood. Better understanding of the interactions between AMF and other microorganisms is necessary for maintaining soil fertility and enhancing crop production. This paper reviews current knowledge concerning the interactions between AMF and PGPR with plants and discusses on enhanced nutrient availability, biocontrol, abiotic stress tolerance and phytoremediation in sustainable agriculture.

• 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
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• 한국균학회 2018년도 춘계학술대회 및 임시총회
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• pp.35-35
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• 2018

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are one of the most widespread symbionts globally. Owing to their enhanced nutrient absorption capacity, AMF significantly contribute to the survival of individual plants and the ecosystem functioning. Community structures of AMF are affected by many environmental factors Inland wetlands have a different environment from common forest soils, therefore, plants inhabiting wetlands may have characteristic AMF communities. The purpose of this study was to compare the AMF communities in wetlands, among the species of host plants. We sampled the roots of 3 host plant species, Phragmites communis, Miscanthus sacchariflorus, and Trisetum bifidum with rhizospheres from 3 isolated areas in Upo wetland, Korea. We extracted DNA from AMF spores in rhizospheres and the roots of 3 plant species. We amplified 18S rDNA of AMF using AMF specific primer. As a result, we confirmed 9 species from 5 genera in AMF spores, and 5 species from 3 genera in plant roots. Funneliformis caledonium was the most dominant species in field soils, on the other hand, Diversispora aurantia was the most dominant species in plant roots. We confirmed that species diversity and abundance of AMF communities were different among host plant species. These results showed that the AMF community had specific to host plants in the inland wetland.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.235-245
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• 1993

The symbiotic properties of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF) such as the absence and/or presence of symbiosis, spore density, and six factors of phycochemical properties of soil were investigated in the rhizosphere of seven sand dune plants and three control plants around Kum river. The infection of AMF was confirmed in all plants. Three genera, nine species of the AMF spores were identified in the sand dune; Ac. scrobiculata, G. aggregatum, G. convolutum, G. diaphanum, G. dimophicum, G. geosporum, G. vesiculiferum, G. tortuosum, S. pachycaulis. All of them were also found in the control, but S. pachycaulis were only separated in the sand dune. In the control, three genera, four species were identified; G. flavisporum, Gi. margarita, Sc. gregaria. Sc. persica. The species specificity was not found between the sand dune plant and AMF. However, the AMF was thought to be correlated with the soil factors. The spore density was stimulated with increase of the organic matter and the nitrogen content, but inhibited with the water content and the phosphorus content. In respect of the seasonal factor, the spore density was increased in the late growth period of plants.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.214-222
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• 2008

전남지역 인삼재배지의 토착 Arbuscular 균근균(AMF)의 분포와 감염특성을 파악하기 위해 곡성, 영광, 영암, 해남 지역을 대상으로 58개 지점의 토양과 인삼 시료를 채취하여 조사하고 AMF 밀도와 토양특성을 조사하였다. 조사지역의 전체 평균 포자밀도는 건토 1 g당 3.4~5.9개의 분포를 보였으며, 재배연수 3년근 재배지까지는 포자밀도가 다소 증가하는 경향을 보였고, 자연상태 토양 중의 AMF 포자밀도는 건토 1 g 당 6.3~14.7개로서 인삼재배지 보다 포자밀도가 높았다. 포자크기별 분포는 직경 $45{\sim}106{\mu}m$ 범위에 74.3% 정도가 포함되었으며, AMF의 감염 양상은 Paris-type이 주를 이루었다. 평균 감염율은 영암지역의 재배지에서 64.4%로 높게 나타났으나 그 밖의 지역은 40~50%범위를 보였다. 조사지역의 근권토양 중 AMF 외생균사의 길이는 건토 1 g당 0.5~4.4 m 범위로서 인삼의 재배연수가 증가함에 따라 외생균사(external hyphae)의 양이 많아지는 것으로 파악되었다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 수지상균근균(AMF)의 형태적 및 분자 생물학적 특징을 바탕으로 문안산에 분포하는 수지상균근균의 종 다양성을 분석하였다. AMF 시료는 생강나무(Lindera obtusiloba), 국수나무(Stephanandra incisa), 쪽동백(Styrax obassis), 노린재나무(Symplocos sawafutagi)의 뿌리와 뿌리 부근의 토양에서 채취하였으며, 수수(Sorghum bicolor)를 숙주식물로 사용하여 포자를 배양하였다. 추출된 포자들의 형태 형질과 염기서열을 분석한 결과 Acaulospora longula, A. mellea, Ambispora leptoticha, Gigaspora margarita, Paraglomus occultum 등 4속 5종이 동정되었으며, 숙주식물에 따른 수지상균근균의 분포는 수종에 따라서 다른 경향을 보였다. 생강나무에서는 A. longula가, 국수나무, 쪽동백나무, 노린재나무에서는 A. leptoticha가 우점종이었다.