• 한국작물학회지
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.402-406
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• 2003

Greenhouse and laboratory studies were conducted to determine the allelopathic potentials of extracts or residues from sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. (Lam). The extracts applied on filter paper in a Petri dish bioassay significantly inhibited root growth of alfalfa. Aqueous leachates at 40g dry tissue $\textrm{L}^{-1}$ (g $\textrm{L}^{-1}$) from leaves showed the highest inhibition against alfalfa, and followed by stems and roots. Alfalfa root growth was significantly inhibited by methanol extracts of the same plants as the concentration increased. The effect of residue incorporation into soil on seedling growth of com, soybean, barnyard grass and eclipta was examined in the greenhouse, and results showed that the leaf residues at 200g $\textrm{kg}^{-1}$ by plant parts inhibited shoot dry and root dry weights of test plants by 60-80%. By means of HPLC, causative allelopathic substances present in plant parts of sweet potato "Sinyulmi" were identified as coumarin, trans-cinnamic acid, o-coumaric acid, p-coumaric acid, and chlorogenic acid. Total content of these compounds for leaves extracts were detected as the greatest amount in EtOAc fraction, especially trans-cinnamic acid was the greatest component. These results suggest that sweet potato plants have herbicidal potentials, and that their activities exhibit differently depending on plant parts.ant parts.

• Plant Resources
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2004

Several wild plant species are known to contain biologically active substances that are allelopathic to weed species as well as antioxidant to foods. Plant extracts or residues from leaves of 4 species, Achyranthes japonica (speedwell), Cucumis sativus (Cucumber), Trifolium repens (white clover), and Vicia angustifolia (narrowleaf vetch) were bioassayed against Medicago sativa (alfalfa) or Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyard grass) to determine their allelopathic effects, and used for measurement of antioxidant activities. The aqueous extracts applied on filter paper significantly inhibited root growth of alfalfa. Aqueous extracts or residues from V. angustifolia showed the most inhibitory effect on alfalfa or barnyard grass seedling growth and followed by A. japonica and T. repens. Oxidative stability by Rancimat method, antioxidant activity by TBA (2-thiobarbituric acid) method and DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity for the ground samples or methanol extracts were the greatest in V. angustifolia, although were less than those of commonly used antioxidants, BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene) and ascorbic acid. These results suggest that the wild plant species had potent allelopathic and antioxidant activities, and that their activities differed depending on plant species.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.441-446
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• 2012

이 실험의 목적은 사염화탄소 투여로 간독성이 유발된 마우스에서 생강열수추출물의 간보호 작용을 알아보는 것이다. 생강투여군과 실리마린투여군은 사염화탄소(4 ml/kg)를 투여하기 전 3일동안 생강(500 mg/kg), 실리마린(50 mg/kg)을 경구 투여하였다. 혈청화학적 검사에서 생강투여군은 대조군과 비교하여 AST, ALT가 유의적 감소(p < 0.05)가 인정되었으며, 조직병리학적 평가에서도 생강투여군은 대조군에 비해 간변성 및 신장변성이 유의적 감소(p < 0.05)가 인정되었다. 이 결과 생강열수추출물의 경구투여가 사염화탄소로 유발된 간독성 마우스에서 간보호 효과가 있다고 생각된다.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.174-181
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• 2009

Pterocarpus marsupium, Clitoria ternatea, and Sanseveiria cylindrica are some of the important and endangered medicinal plant species of India. Despite of medicinal properties, antibacterial potential of the plants have not yet been explored. The present study was designed to optimize the in vitro technique for micropropagation and to screen the extracts from leaves and in vitro raised calli for antibacterial properties. Excised leaf-explants from the parent plants were surface sterilized and cultivated on Murashige & Skoog's (MS) medium containing $N^6$-benzyladenine (BA) in concentrations of 1, 2, 5, and $10{\mu}M$. Optimal growth of calli was noticed at a concentration of $5{\mu}M$, therefore the extracts from calli grown at this concentration were further studied for antibacterial activity. Both alcoholic and aqueous extracts from leaves of respective plants, and their in vitro raised calli were tested for antibacterial activity by agar well diffusion method against a range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Aqueous extracts showed antibacterial activity against limited number of bacterial species; notably the extracts of C. ternatea which showed antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus. Alcoholic extracts of all three plants showed antibacterial activity against a wider range of bacteria. Among the Gram-positive bacteria, extracts from C. ternatea showed strong antibacterial activity against Bacillus spp., whereas the extracts of S. cylindrica showed good antibacterial potential for Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis and S. pyogenes. The extracts from all three plants showed antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria, including, Salmonella spp. and Shigella dysenteriae; organisms causing enteric fever and dysentery. In most of the cases, the extracts from respective calli showed comparable, and in some cases better, result in comparison to the extracts from parent leaves. To the best of our knowledge this is the first preliminary report on antibacterial potential, especially through calli extracts, of these plants; and in vitro cultivation of the explants may be used to obtain phytotherapeutic compounds.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.73-85
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• 2016

본 연구는 냄새냉이의 군락 형성에 따른 하부식생에 미치는 영향을 환경식물학적 측면에서의 파악과 천연제초제로서의 기초자료를 제공하기 위해 수용성 추출액 농도에 따른 수용체 식물의 발아 및 유식물 생장 등을 조사하였다. 냄새냉이 군락에 근접할수록 1번 조사구(7종, 1.76), 2번 조사구(5종, 1.34), 3번 조사구(5종, 1.25) 순으로 출현종수, 종 다양도가 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 냄새냉이의 수용성 추출액 농도가 증가됨에 따라 대부분 수용체 식물의 상대발아률(r=-0.731, p<0.01), 평균발아기간, 상대신장률(r=-0.571, p<0.01, r=-730, p<0.01), 상태생체량(r=-0.743, p<0.01), 뿌리털 발달 등이 감소하는 경향을 보이고 각각 수용체 식물에 따라 약가의 정도 차를 보였다. 수용체 유식물의 생장은 부위별 억제의 정도 차를 보이는데 수용체 식물의 지상부보다 지하부가 냄새냉이의 수용성추출액에 대해 억제의 경향이 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 냄새냉이의 수용성추출액에 대한 총 페놀 함량은 $23.0{\pm}1.1mg/g$으로 분석되었다. 조사지역의 토양 내 총 페놀 함량은 1번 조사구($0.072{\pm}0.002mg/g$), 2번 조사구($0.082{\pm}0.003mg/g$), 3번 조사구($0.092{\pm}0.004mg/g$) 순으로 증가되는 경향을 보였다. 이들 결과를 종합하면 냄새냉이는 자생식물과의 경쟁함에 있어 알레로파시 효과를 나타내는 페놀 화합물 등이 수관 내 토양으로 방출하여 하부식생에 대한 발아 및 생장 등에 영향을 주기 때문에 경쟁적 우위를 점하고 있으며, 천연제초제로서의 활용 가능성을 가지고 있는 것으로 판단된다.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.74-82
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• 2023

Nepeta sibirica L. or Siberian catmint is a medicinal plant species used in Mongolian traditional medicine for curing human different disorders and veterinary practices. The previous study of the whole plant concentrated on the determination of its essential oil composition and reported that the major ones are sesquiterpenes, including nepetalactone. The aim of this study was to reveal a new biological activity of the above-ground parts of N. sibirica L. and compare the activity of different extracts correlating with the content of biologically active compounds and evaluate their toxicity. For this purpose, anti-oxidative and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities of the above-ground parts of N. sibirica L. aqueous and ethanol (EtOH) (40%, 70%) extracts were assayed spectrophotometrically. The aqueous extract showed positive anti-oxidative activity by both tested DPPH and FRAP assays with IC₅₀ 134.24 ± 1.42 mg/mL and FRAP value 1385.15 ± 8.12 µmol/L at 200 ㎍/mL, in contrast to 40% and 70% EtOH extracts. The 70% EtOH extract presented the highest acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity (IC₅₀ 77.29 ± 0.38 mg/mL) followed by 40% EtOH extract (176.72 ± 0.35 mg/mL) and aqueous extract (275.41 ± 0.23 mg/mL). Total phenolics were found to be gallic acid equivalent, % 3.74 ± 0.05 (70% EtOH), 3.94 ± 0.04 (40% EtOH), and 3.79 ± 0.16 (aqueous), whereas the total flavonoids as a rutin equivalent, % as 2.01 ± 0.12, 1.44 ± 0.17 and 1.99 ± 0.02, each. The aqueous extract showed the best anti-oxidative and lowest activity against the acetylcholinesterase; however, the 70% EtOH extract showed the opposite effects than that of the aqueous. No mortality incidence was visible at various doses, indicating that the oral median lethal dose of aqueous and 70% EtOH extracts were considered greater than 5000 mg/kg. N. sibirica L. belongs to the non-toxic category of the OECD 423 classification.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제52권5호
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• pp.383-388
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• 2010

In vivo 실험에 의해서 지방축적을 억제할 수 있는 물질을 찾아내는 것은 시간과 비용이 많이 든다. 본 연구는 돼지 지방조직을 이용한 in vitro system을 이용해서 한국의 약용식물 중에서 지방축적 억제 작용을 가지는 것을 조사하고자 수행하였다. 총 183종의 약용식물을 이용하여 이들이 돼지 지방조직의 지방합성과 지방전구세포의 분화에 미치는 작용을 조사하였다. 에탄올 추출물은 72종, 물 추출물은 111종, 이 중에서 65종은 물과 에탄올 모두 이용해서 추출하였다. 돼지 지방조직의 지방합성은 13종류의 약용식물이 영향을 미쳤는데, 그 중 11종은 대조구에 비하여 지방합성을 40% 이상 억제하였고, 4종은 지방합성을 70% 이상 억제하였다. 가장 강력한 지방합성 억제작용을 나타낸 것은 붓꽃과와 고삼(에탄올 추출) 그리고 좁쌀풀(물과 에탄올 추출)이었다. 그러나 소목과 황백은 지방합성을 촉진하였다. 돼지 지방전구세포의 분화에 미치는 결과는 총 28종의 약용식물이 돼지 지방전구세포의 분화에 영향을 미쳤는데, 이 중 16종의 약용식물은 증가시켰고, 12종은 억제시켰다. 목단피와 강활(에탄올 추출) 그리고 당귀, 목향 및 신이(물 추출)는 지방세포의 분화를 두 배 정도 증가시켰다. 10종의 약용식물 즉 감초, 형개 및 구월나무(에탄올 추출) 그리고 비름과, 천문동, 백출, 유자나무, 향부자, 구엽초 및 목단피(물 추출)은 지방세포의 분화를 35% 이상 억제시켰다. 구월나무(에탄올 추출)만이 지방합성뿐만 아니라 세포분화도 억제하였다. 본 연구 결과는 약용식물로부터 가축과 사람의 지방축적 억제효능 후보물질을 발굴하기 위한 기초자료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 여겨진다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제63권3호
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• pp.22.1-22.4
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• 2023

The increasing resistance of head lice Pediculus humanus capitis to many drugs has highlighted the need for new alternatives to control head lice in adults. The effect of two types of extracts (aqueous and alcoholic) of Citrullus colocynthis fruit on adult lice was tested in vitro. The results showed that the alcoholic extract with a concentration of 20% showed similar efficacy in killing adult lice to that of Natroba 9% w/w, with values ranging between 87% to 98% within 18 minutes, followed by a 20% aqueous extract with a 44% to 79% death rate. A 10% concentration of both types of extracts had moderate lethality for lice, while a 5% concentration did not show strong lethality for adult lice. These results revealed significant differences between the control group and those treated with alcoholic and aqueous extract concentrations of C. colocynthis fruits at the probability level p ≤ 0.05.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.299-305
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• 2013

This study was to evaluate the single dose toxicity of Arecae Semen (AS) in male and female ICR mice. Aqueous extracts of AS (Yield = 13.15%) were administered as an oral dose of 2,000, 1,000 and 500 mg/kg (body weight) according to the recommendation of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA) guidelines. Animals were monitored for the mortality and changes in body weight, clinical signs and gross observation during 14 days after dosing, upon necropsy; organ weight and histopathology of 12 principle organs were examined. We could not find any mortality, clinical signs, and changes in the body and organ weight except for diarrhea. Diarrhea were observed in all three different dosage groups of male mice, and in 2000 mg/kg groups of female mice within 48hrs after administration. In addition, no AS extract related abnormal gross findings and changes in histopathology of principle organs were detected except for some sporadic accidental findings. Although the 50% lethal dose and approximate lethal dose of AS aqueous extracts in female and male mice were detected as over 2,000 mg/kg - the limited highest dosage recommended by KFDA guidelines. It should be carefully used in clinics because AS may be induced severe digestive tract disorders.

• ALGAE
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.251-260
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• 2005

Antioxidative activities of Chlorophyta and Phaeophyta in Jeju Island were measured by superoxide anion ($O_2^{{\cdot}-}$), hydroxyl radical ($HO^{\cdot}$), hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) and DPPH free radical scavenging assays. Methanolic and aqueous extracts of the seaweeds were prepared at both temperatures, higher (70$^{\circ}C$) and room temperature (20$^{\circ}C$), and screened for the construction of an extract bank from seaweeds in Jeju Island. A variety of extracts showed positive effect against reactive oxygen species (ROS). Especially, Sargassum thunbergii methanolic extract at 70$^{\circ}C$ (70ME, 97.41%), S. fulvellum methanolic extract at 20$^{\circ}C$ (20ME, 84.66%), Codium fragile aqueous extract at 70$^{\circ}C$ (70AE, 96.61%) and S. thunbergii 20ME (97.44%) exhibited the highest scavenging activities against $O_2^{{\cdot}-}$, $HO^{\cdot}$, $H_2O_2$ and DPPH free radicals, respectively. Total phenolic contents also examined but did not show a positive correlation with ROS scavenging abilities (except for a few extracts). These results indicate that further investigation is needed to identify and purify the responsible antioxidative components.