• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.391-400
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• 2011

Internet shopping malls for fashion products(e.g., apparel, cosmetics and accessory) may become a major player with a promising future because of its tremendous growth in e-commerce. In addition, the fashion market has been segmented by various types of shopping malls on the internet. For many types of internet shopping malls, literatures give us numerous types, such as general mall, specialty mall, open-market, mall-in-mall, department-mall, brand-mall, and a specialized category mall, etc. Although each mall specializes in different activities, a unified categorization with managerially meaningful implications has not been made. This paper aims to explore criteria of internet shopping malls based on previous research related to shopping mall types for fashion products. The results found that internet shopping malls for fashion products were classified based on physical space, openness of the mall, number of companies, method of profit, specialization of products, number of product categories, and brand products dealt with. Internet shopping mall for fashion products was classified into online malls versus online malls versus offline mall, open mall versus closed mall, single mall versus multi mall, retail-trade mall versus syndicated mall, general mall vs specialize mall, one-product category mall versus multi-product category mall, and brand mall versus non-brand mall. These findings could offer an important contribution in research and practice, and an insight into developing appropriate strategies for effective fashion shopping mall management related products.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.137-151
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• 2007

This study was performed to narrow down the Sizing System for Female Adult's garments(KS K 0051) following age target and body shapes. The study was based on the sizing system and the anthropometric measurements, called Size-Korea, which were surveyed in the years 2003 and 2004. At first, the subjects of the survey were classified into 4 age groups, $18{\sim}24,\;25{\sim}34,\;35{\sim}49\;and\;50{\sim}59$, based on the most significant differences of body sizes. Secondly, the ranges of four key dimensions - height, bust, waist and hip-of normal sizes were identified through analyzing Rohrer index and percentile. The selected sizes within the ranges were grouped by the drop which was the subtraction of bust girth from hip girth. In conclusion, there was the most frequent drop for each age group; 9cm drop for the $18{\sim}24$ years old group, the 6cm drop for the $25{\sim}34$ years old and $35{\sim}49$ years old and 3cm drop for $50{\sim}59$ years old. The upper body garment sizes of the same drop and target ages could be merged to 10 to 12 sizes, which were remarkably smaller than the Female Adult garment sizing system, and further to 2-5 sizes, considering the percentile importance. However, $50{\sim}59$ years old group needed to be analyzed in different ways, because the number of subjects of normal size in the age decreased rapidly, that the normal sizes for them were very limited. In addition, the reference body sizes of each garment size were apparently different when they were compared to each age groups. These basic data for garment size specification could be usefully adapted for the apparel companies' own sizing system according to their age target and body shapes, to achieve efficient production and better fit.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.203-215
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate current garment sizes of women's formal jackets, targeting plus-size women in online shopping malls, and to identify effective size information involved in online apparel purchase behaviors to overcome the short comings of current garment sizes from the perspectives of consumers. Basic 88 size formal jackets from the seven companies found on the 22 websites were collected and analyzed. The data were collected from March to October 2007, and analyzed using SPSS 14.0. The results were summarized as follows. First, there was no website using standard garment size labeling with 'bust-hip-height' set up by KS K 0051 among the 22 websites. Instead, all 22 websites used garment size labeling with figures such as 88, 99, 100, 110, and 120 or with letters such as L, XL, and XXL. The websites presented no body size, but listed garment size. Furthermore, the size information was presented differently, ranging from three items of bust circumference, upper arm length, and jacket length to six items of shoulder width, bust circumference, waist circumference, sleeve width, sleeve length, and jacket length. In addition, no website presented basic information for hip circumference, despite the jacket length covering the hips. Second, a total of 85.7% the websites listed bust circumferences in 88 garment sizes collected as 100cm. Shoulder widths were presented as 39cm or 37cm. Sleeve circumferences were addressed the same, 36cm, in all websites. Third, comparing the differences between guidance sizes and measurement sizes, only 28.5% of the web sites posted guidance sizes of shoulder widths the same as those of the measurement sizes. All web sites presented guidance sizes of bust circumstances as 1 to 5cm smaller than those of the measurement sizes.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.183-194
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• 2013

In recent years, intense cold spells caused by climate change have encouraged an increasing number of people to wear a variety of padded jackets. In this context, this paper aims to address the production of padded jackets in casual brands and to develop basic patterns for well-fitted padded jackets targeted toward women in their 20s. The study centered on the production of padded jackets from 13 apparel companies. In addition, three sample jackets were created with 3oz. fill in the body and 2oz. fill in the sleeves, and they were subjected to a wearing test to determine their movement functionality. The research findings were as follows. Woven jackets constituted 53.4% of the winter jackets produced by casual brands; padded jackets accounted for 25.3%, leather jackets 12.6%, and other jackets 8.7%. Thus, data showed that padded jackets accounted for a considerable proportion of overall winter jacket production. Based on the wearing test results, the basic measurements of a padded jacket for women in their 20s were as follows: bust girth of B/4+3cm front length and B/4+3.5cm back length; waist girth of W/4+3.1 cm front length and W/4+1.9cm back length; and hip girth of H/4+3.3cm front length and H/4+2.8cm back length. The jacket length was set at 62.8cm, with a 63.8cm sleeve length. This study concluded that providing padded jacket manufacturers with basic pattern designs for a well-fitted jacket is expected to boost the efficiency of pattern design processes and the production of padded jackets.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.99-108
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• 2021

The present study examines the overall manufacturing status of local wetsuit makers, problems in the manufacturing process, and future research tasks. The study revealed that most manufacturers use neoprene fabric of varying thickness, depending on the body part. Normally, 3 mm-thick fabric is utilized for high-activity body parts and 5 mm-thick fabric is used for high-activity areas requiring thermal insulation. In terms of the manufacturing method, the tools and manufacturing processes used by companies were found to be similar. However, because of the nature of wetsuits requiring a more complicated manufacturing method than that of general clothing, there were some differences in the manufacturing method processes from company to company, such as bonding and ease treatments. According to wetsuit manufacturers, they make incisions in consideration of the body's curvature and the overall shape and design of the wetsuit when developing patterns. For example, most answered that they preform the wrist and ankle parts, where the body's curvature is obvious. On the question regarding the "difficult manufacturing process", the most frequent response was the "bonding" process. Most manufacturers were found to focus on designs that can improve mobility and clothing fit, and commonly experienced low-order quantity as an operational difficulty. As for the question on the wetsuit-related technology needed in the future, the "development of various designs" was the most frequent answer, followed by the "development of lightweight and diverse materials".

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.891-906
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• 2023

The essence of fashion brands' marketing with metaverse-based virtual spaces is to capture more potential consumers and boost the sales of companies' virtual and physical products. However, existing research has not fully addressed customer responses and behavioral outcomes regarding fashion virtual brand spaces. This study uses flow theory to address this gap and explores the factors that lead to the flow experience in virtual brand spaces. It also establishes the causal relationships between the flow experience, satisfaction with virtual spaces, the intention to purchase virtual products, and the intention to purchase actual products. We chose "Ralph Lauren World" of Ralph Lauren on Zepeto as the virtual brand space for this study and analyzed 239 valid data sets. We tested the hypotheses using structural equation modeling and bootstrapping for the mediation analyses. The findings indicate that the flow experience in virtual brand spaces positively and indirectly affects the purchase intention of virtual products via satisfaction with virtual brand spaces. In addition, virtual space satisfaction had an indirect, positive effect on actual product purchase intention through virtual product purchase intention. The research emphasizes that the purchase intention of virtual and actual products has a positive causal relationship.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.378-385
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• 2006

콘크리트포장에 초기균열을 일으키는 중요한 인자 중 하나는 콘크리트 내부의 초기온도이다. 따라서 콘크리트포장의 초기균열 발생원인을 연구하기 위해서는 초기온도를 계측하여 분석하는 일이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 초기균열이 발생하는 슬래브 장소와 초기균열의 발생시간이 초기온도패턴에 어떤 영향을 받는지를 검증하였고 더불어, 줄눈부에서 발생하는 균열의 발생시점과 시공시간과의 관계도 알아보았다. 본 논문을 위해서 "중부내륙고속도로 여주-충주간 제 1공구 시험도로 건설공사구간 STATION 1+400$\sim$1+700" 지점에서 시험시공이 이루어졌으며, 시공 후 72시간 동안 i-Button(온도계측센서)을 이용하여 온도계측을 시행하였으며, 초기균열의 거동은 Demec gauge를 사용하였으며, 초기균열 및 줄눈부 균열은 육안으로 확인하였다. 초기온도패턴과 초기균열의 분석 결과, 콘크리트의 초기온도패턴은 슬래브에 초기균열이 발생하는 위치와 시각에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다 초기균열균열은 온도낙차폭이 가장 큰 슬래브에서 발생하였으며, 그 시각은 슬래브의 온도가 급강하하는 새벽이었다. 또한, 콘크리트 슬래브의 거동이 인근 줄눈부에 발생한 초기균열에 따라 영향을 받으며. 줄눈부에 발생한 균열의 발생시기가 서로 다를 경우에 균열의 거동이 달라질 수 있다는 가능성이 제시되었다. 그 외에도, 오전에 시공한 슬래브에서의 균열 발생률이 오후에 시공한것보다 더 큰 것으로 나타났으며, 균열의 발생 간격이 큰 균열이 그렇지 않은 균열보다 더 큰 균열틈을 보였다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.85-90
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• 2015

Purpose - Global trends play a part to change the structure of the fashion industry. In particular, companies attempting to conduct innovative marketing centering on such products as SPA brands are growing into global companies. SPA stands for "Specialty Store Retailer of Private Label Apparel", meaning its activities are fully integrated from manufacturing through sales, including material procurement design, product, distribution, inventory management, and final sales. For this reason, more understanding of individual corporate profitability is very sensitive to consumer's attitudinal changes. The effects that corporate marketing activities on customer lifetime value through brand attitude were analyzed based on a structural equation model. Rust suggested value equity, brand equity, and relationship equity as customer equity driver. The study examines Chinese consumer because China is the fastest growing fashion market in the world. Research design, data, and methodology - The survey targeted Chinese college student age 20s. Only respondents who had purchased SPA brands in the past year were included for this research. A total of 303, except for 47 missing data of 350 distributed questionnaires were included in this research. The questionnaire is consists of six part to measure value, brand, relationship equity, attitude toward brand, purchase intention and demographic characteristics. This research conducted exploratory factor analysis and reliability test. To verify research hypotheses, structural equation model test was conducted. As for customer equity, diversified models in consideration of the scope of acquisition data, a method of collection of data, influencing factor, and predictability were suggested based on a net present value model. However, the history of customer equity study is relatively short, and sufficient empirical analyses have not been conducted, so more integrated analysis is required. In this study, the concept of driver suggested by Rust was applied to figure out the effects that consumer's attitude has on customer equity. The customer equity driver suggested by them consists of brand equity, value equity, and relationship equity. Results - This study reveals that value equity and brand equity have a positive influence on relationship equity. And, relationship equity has a positive influence on purchase intention through brand attitude. However, value equity and brand equity do not influence on brand attitude. Conclusion - The results of this research generated following implications. First, SPA brands need to take advantage of their value equity such as perceived low price and up-to-date fashion style to attract Chinese young consumer. Second, strong brand equity promises dominants position in the competitive market. As Chinese fashion market grows rapidly, SPA brands can consider branding strategy such as flagship store and celebrity marketing enhancing brand image. Third, the core concept of customer equity strategy is to maintain a relationship with their expecting and existing customers. The relationship equity is built by brand equity and value equity. When SPA brands serves product and service meet with individual customers, customers have intimacy to the brands.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.103-114
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• 2011

This study is to provide basic information on clothing fitness necessary to develop apparel products for Korean companies that want to enter or have already made inroads into the Chinese market. In an effort to serve this purpose, a standard upper torso body model for Chinese women was established by applying the Rohrer Index and Size Designation of Clothes - Women of GB/T 1335.2-1997 to Chinese women in their 20s to determine body types and its characteristics. First, according to the result of applying the Rohrer Index to categorize body types, Type 1 showed the longest vertical body length and a short horizontal length with the lowest degree of flatness. Type 2 was a standard body type with a height of 158.73cm, weight of 53.02kg and the Rohrer Index of 1.32. Type 3 had a thick and flat body shape that had the highest degree of flatness and the shortest vertical length in its upper torso among all three types of body. Second, F-test was conducted on 4 distinctive body types obtained from comparing obesity scores to verify differences in body shapes for different degree of obesity. The test result indicated significant differences in 3 of the 4 body types and showed different structural components for different degree of obesity. Third, the result of comparing correlational distributions of body types and height range, and body types and degree of obesity for all and specified age groups revealed that about 33.30% of the body types appeared in Type2-A followed by 20.18% in Type1-A, 18.40% in Type2-Y and 7.91% in Type1-Y respectively. Body types and degree of obesity for two different age groups were most frequent in Type2-A. For the group of young women in their early 20s appeared the most in Type2-A, Type1-A, Type2-Y and Type 1-Y respectively and young women in late 20s were frequent in the order of Type2-A, Type2-Y, Type1-A and Type1-Y.

• 복식
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• 제38권
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• pp.193-211
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• 1998

Without a solid marketing system in placed, the fashion industry cannot flourish on out-standing design or technology alone. Even though the significance of collecting and analyzing information, merchandising, and retail distribution is recognized, these functions are not firmly rooted or prevalent in our industry. In contrast, Italy which possesses similar demographic traits such as the lack of natural resources and other physical factors has succeed-ed in globalizing its fashion market by responding swiftly and exercising flexiblity to its constantly changing consumer demand. This in turn has earned Italy the competitive edge in the global fashion arena. Italy's unique management skills and operation know-how, along with successful market strategies come into play in bringing competitiveness to Italy's fashion market. Firstly, smaller companies with ability to adopt swiftly to the ever changing market. Secondly, fashion friendly social environment. Thirdly, niche marketing through highly specialized system and differentiation. Fourthly, timeless innovation through intense corporate competition. Lastly, establishment of foundations to support the industry through diverse networking. The alone building blocks have formed a basis for erecting an unparalleled market with a reputation for excellence in design and quality in the global fashion world. This study has examined how Italy's fashion industry has evolved from an underdeveloped textile business into a cutting edge fashion in-dustry. Italy's unique business processes and practices were studied to come up with a collection and merchandising ideas in a niche market. By selecting this venue we are able to continuously grow and develop in a market with diverse consumer needs. To analyze the Italian fashion market, data from 3 institutions were utilized, namely, CIT-ER which has provided consumer trends and sales analysis, SITA,a data service provided statistics from the textile and apparel businesses, and NBI has also furnished valuable data. Italian consumer preference, buying behavior, consumer profile, retail channels and other related data from the above institutions has formed a backbone for market segmentation and target markets, and as a result, we were able to zero in on the type of consumer, produce, pricing and retail channels for our womenswear. Going forward the direction is to elevate product image and pretige, and create syn-ergy between related industries, and at the same note, in order to develop internationally recognized brands such as Max Mara and Benetton. Certain elements such as the specialization of the fashion industry, alon-g with fashion-related data base and systems support, and most importantly experts with acute fashion sense and capacity to analyze pertinent data are in need. I firmly believe that we can achieve Italy's level in the fashion market with support from the government and unrelenting effort within the industry itself, and hope that this report can prove to be useful.