• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.273-278
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• 2004

The anticancer activities of the extracts from Acanthopanax senticosus Harms, Ephedra sinica Stapf, Rubus coreanus Miq and Artemisia capillaris Thunb were compared according to extract systems. About 70% of the growth of human hepatocarcinoma cancer cell was inhibited in adding 1.0 mg/ml of the water extract from Rubus coreanus Miq with ultrasonification at $60^{\circ}C$. The growth of human normal lung cell was limited to 25% in adding the extracts with ultrasonification at $60^{\circ}C$. The effect of extracts obtained by only water and with ultrasonification on different of human promyelocytic leukemia cells was also observed.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.81-87
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• 2007

The purpose of the present study was to determine the preventive effects of the two antioxidant vitamin E and catechin on DEHP-induced disturbance of spermatogenesis in male rats. Rats at 4 weeks of age were randomly allocated into five groups with 20 animals per group. The first group was not any administrated as control. The second group was administrated DEHP (2 g/kg) daily for 14 days. The third group was administrated vitamin E (500 IU/kg) following DEHP treatment by the same method (daily for 14 days). The fourth group was administrated catechin (200 mg/kg) following DEHP treatment by the same method. The fifth group was co-administrated vitamin E (500 IU/kg) and catechin (200 mg/kg) following DEHP treatment by the same method. In order to determine the preventive effects, we examined pathological changes of testis with apoptotic index, and characteristics of sperm with computer assisted sperm analysis (CASA). Vitamin E and catechin supplementation were significantly prevented the testicular atrophy, apoptosis of germ cells in the seminiferous tubules and abnormal rate of sperm. Moreover, sperm concentration, viability and motility was significantly recovered in groups of alone and along with vitamin E and catechin. The results suggest that preventive effects of alone and along administration of vitamin E and catechin on DEHP-induced testicular atrophy damages have been demonstrated.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.805-812
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Matrigel on the development of bovine embryos after in vitro fertilization. Bovine embryos were cultured in Ⅰ) SOF+ 0.8% BSA(SOF-B), Ⅱ) SOF+ 0.8% BSA plus 0.8% Matrigel(SOF-M) and III) SOF+0.8% BSA and 10% FBS(SOF-BF). The addition of Matrigel appeared not to increase the proportion of blastocysts (SOF-B, 26.6%; SOF-M, 28.2%; SOF-BF, 26.2%). However, the proportion of hatched blastocysts were significantly increased(P<0.05) by Matrigel(SOF-B, 23.7%; SOF-M, 48.7%; SOF-BF, 18.5%). The means of cell number blastocyst was not significantly different among the treatment groups(SOF-B, 172.7±35.5; SOF-M, 175.1±37.4; SOF-BF, 172.8±38.1). The proportion of apoptotic cells in blastocyst was also found to be not significant among the treatment groups(SOF-B, 3.6±3.2%; SOF-M, 4.3±2.6%; SOF-BF, 4.9±4.3%). In this experiment, Matrigel appeared to support embryonic hatching of bovine embryos. Results suggest that Matrigel, as extracellular matrix components, may be another avenue for formulating more physiological culture system in serum-free culture.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.711-717
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• 2007

In this study, two cell types from porcine females, namely fetal fibroblasts (pFFs) and adult ear fibroblasts (pAEFs) and two passages (3-4 and 7-8) were investigated by evaluating the development rate, blastocyst cell number and the incidence of apoptosis. No significant differences were observed in the cleavage rates of cloned and IVF embryos. The blastocyst rates between the embryos cloned with pFFs ($15.1{\pm}3.2$) and pAEFs ($10.4{\pm}2.6$) did not differ significantly but was significantly (p<0.05) lower in pAEFs than that in IVF ($22.5{\pm}4.5$) embryos. Total cell number in pFFs ($28.4{\pm}4.3$) and pAEFs cloned blastocysts ($24.2{\pm}5.1$) was significantly (p<0.05) lesser than IVF control ($35.4{\pm}3.2$). Apoptosis rates between cloned blastocysts differed significantly (p<0.05) and were significantly (p<0.05) higher than IVF embryos. The blastocyst rates between the cloned embryos cloned with different cell passages did not differ significantly but in embryos cloned with 7-8 cell passage was significantly (p<0.05) lower than the IVF control. Apoptosis signals were detected in IVF and cloned embryos as early as day 3 and the rates of apoptosis increased concurrently with the embryo development. In conclusion, high apoptosis during in vitro preimplantation development resulted in low development rate and total cell number of cloned embryos. Moreover, based on the apoptotic incidence in cloned blastocysts, fetal fibroblasts are more suitable for production of cloned embryos in porcine.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.14-27
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• 2011

Objectives: This study was designed to investigate the effects of Acanthopanacis Cortex Radicis extract(ACRE) on the apoptosis in HeLa cell and MCF-7 cell. Methods: After treatment with various concentration of ACRE, cell growth was evaluated in HeLa cell and MCF-7 cell. Hoechst 33342 staining was performed to estimate DNA fragment effect of ACRE on the apoptosis in HeLa cell and MCF-7 cell. Annexin V/PI apoptosis assay was used to estimate the effects of ACRE on the early apoptosis in HeLa cell and MCF-7 cell. RT-PCR was used to estimate the apoptosis gene expression effect of ACRE on Hela cell MCF-7 cell. Results: Under $0.1mg/m\ell$ of ACRE, cytotoxic effect was not found per NIH3T3 cell. The viability of HeLa cell and MCF-7 cells was significantly decreased ACRE ($100{\mu}g/m\ell$) in HeLa cell and MCF-7 cell, ACRE ($50{\mu}g/m\ell$) in HeLa cell 3 days after treatment, in MCF-7 cell 1&3 days after treatment (p<0.01). DNA fragmentation was observed 3 days after treatment of cl of ACRE on HeLa cell and MCF-7 cell. In Annexin V/PI apoptosis assay, after treatment of $100{\mu}g/m\ell$ of ACRE, the early apoptotic cell increased both in HeLa cell and MCF-7 cell. In RT-PCR analysis, after treatment of $100{\mu}g/m\ell$ of ACRE, bcl-2 were decreased and bax, caspase-3 were increased both in HeLa cell and MCF-7 cell. Conclusions: ACRE appears to have considerable activity on the apoptosis in HeLa cell and MCF-7 cell.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.7-15
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• 2016

Objectives : Polygalae Radix (POL) has an ameliorating effect on learning and memory impairment caused by cerebral hypoperfusion. In regard to POL's action mechanism, this study was carried out to investigate the effects of POL on oxidative damage and neuronal apoptosis induced by cerebral hypoperfusion in rats.Methods : The cerebral hypoperfusion was induced by permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (pBCAO) in Sprague-Dawley rats. POL was administered orally once a day (130 mg/kg of water-extract) for 28 days starting at 4 weeks after the pBCAO. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the brain tissue were measured using ELISA method. Expressions of 4-hydroxynonenal (4HNE) and 8-hydroxy-2'- deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were observed using immunohistochemistry. In addition, neuronal apoptosis was evaluated with Cresyl violet staining, TUNEL labeling, and immunohistochemistry against Bax and caspase-3.Results : POL treatment significantly increased SOD activities and significantly reduced MDA levels in the cerebral cortex. The up-regulations of 4HNE and 8-OHdG expression caused by pBCAO in the CA1 of hippocampus were significantly attenuated by POL treatment. POL treatment also restored the reduction of CA1 thickness and CA1 neurons caused by pBCAO and significantly attenuated the apoptotic markers including TUNEL-positive cells, Bax, and caspase-3 expression in the CA1 of hippocampus.Conclusions : The results show that POL attenuated the oxidative damage in brain tissue and neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampus caused by the cerebral hypoperfusion. It suggests that POL can be a beneficial medicinal herb to treat the brain diseases related to cerebral hypoperfusion.

• BMB Reports
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• v.48 no.11
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• pp.618-623
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• 2015

FK506 binding protein 12 (FK506BP) is a small peptide with a single FK506BP domain that is involved in suppression of immune response and reactive oxygen species. FK506BP has emerged as a potential drug target for several inflammatory diseases. Here, we examined the protective effects of directly applied cell permeable FK506BP (PEP-1-FK506BP) on corneal alkali burn injury (CAI). In the cornea, there was a significant decrease in the number of cells expressing pro-inflammation, apoptotic, and angiogenic factors such as TNF-α, COX-2, and VEGF. Both corneal opacity and corneal neovascularization (CNV) were significantly decreased in the PEP-1-FK506BP treated group. Our results showed that PEP-1-FK506BP can significantly inhibit alkali burn-induced corneal inflammation in rats, possibly by accelerating corneal wound healing and by reducing the production of angiogenic factors and inflammatory cytokines. These results suggest that PEP-1-FK506BP may be a potential therapeutic agent for CAI.

• BMB Reports
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• v.49 no.7
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• pp.382-387
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• 2016

Reactive oxygen species generated under oxidative stress are involved in neuronal diseases, including ischemia. Glutathione S-transferase pi (GSTpi) is a member of the GST family and is known to play important roles in cell survival. We investigated the effect of GSTpi against oxidative stress-induced hippocampal HT-22 cell death, and its effects in an animal model of ischemic injury, using a cell-permeable PEP-1-GSTpi protein. PEP-1-GSTpi was transduced into HT-22 cells and significantly protected against H2O2-treated cell death by reducing the intracellular toxicity and regulating the signal pathways, including MAPK, Akt, Bax, and Bcl-2. PEP-1-GSTpi transduced into the hippocampus in animal brains, and markedly protected against neuronal cell death in an ischemic injury animal model. These results indicate that PEP-1-GSTpi acts as a regulator or an antioxidant to protect against oxidative stress-induced cell death. Our study suggests that PEP-1-GSTpi may have potential as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of ischemia and a variety of oxidative stress-related neuronal diseases.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.239-248
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• 2007

Alteration of temperature is one of cancer therapies. In general, severe hyperthermia(around $43^{\circ}C$) and hypothermia(around $18^{\circ}C$) trigger apoptosis through mitochondria, though the specific mechanism is still unknown. CC-t6 and GB-d1 cell lines, which were originally derived from human cholangiocarcinoma and gall bladder cancer, were established from a metastatic lymph node. To investigate the mechanism of metastatic cancer cell response to thermal stresses, hyperthermia($37^{\circ}C{\rightarrow}43^{\circ}C$) and hypothermia($37^{\circ}C{\rightarrow}17.4^{\circ}C$) were designed. Thermal stresses did not induce apoptosis but necrotic cell death. Any alterations of caspase-3, -9, cytochrome c, Bax, and Bcl-2 were not found in both hyperthermia and hypothermia exposed fells using western blot analysis. In the transmission electron microscopy, typical necrotic, but not apoptotic, changes were observed. These results suggest that temperature changes induce cell death through necrotic pathway in metastatic cancer in vitro, and it can be one of effective anticancer methods.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.243-250
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• 2013

Pyracantha is a genus of thorny evergreen large shrubs in the family of Rosaceae, with common names Firethorn or Pyracantha. It's extract has also been used in cosmetics as a skin-whitening agent and functioning through tyrosinase inhibition. Recent studies have shown that pyracantha extract possesses antioxidant activities and may significantly improve lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Although the mode of action of Pyracantha extract is not fully understood, a strong relationship was observed between antioxidant and apoptosis in some types of cells. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluated the effect of pyracantha extract on blastocysts formation and their quality of the porcine parthenogenetic embryos. After parthenogenetic activation by chemicals, presumptive porcine parthenogenetic embryos were cultured in PZM-3 medium supplemented with extracts of pyracantha leaf, stalk and root for 6 day (1, 5 and $10{\mu}g/ml$, respectively). In our results, the frequency of blastocyst formation in pyracantha root extract ($5{\mu}g/ml$) treated group had increased that of other groups. Furthermore, blastocysts derived from pyracantha root extract ($5{\mu}g/ml$) treated group had increased the total cell numbers and reduced apoptotic index. Blastocyst development was significantly improved in the pyracantha root extract ($5{\mu}g/ml$) treated group when compared with the $H_2O_2$ treated group (p<0.05). Subsequent evaluation of the intracellular levels of ROS in pyracantha root extract ($5{\mu}g/ml$) treated groups under $H_2O_2$ induced oxidative stress were decreased (p<0.05). In conclusion, our results indicate that treatment of pyracantha root extract may improve in vitro development of porcine parthenogenetic embryos through its antioxidative and antiapoptotic effects.