• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.273-290
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• 2020

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine the buyer's right to avoid the contract under SGA and CISG. Design/methodology/approach - This paper has conducted literature reviews to analyze the right to avoid the contract of the buyer based on the comparative study. Findings - Under s. 11(3) of SGA, the breach of a condition and an intermediate which deprives the buyer substantially of the whole benefit of the contract may give rise to a right to treat the contract as repudiated. But under Art. 49 of CISG, the buyer has the right to terminate the contract where the seller's failure to performance amounts to a fundamental breach of contract. Regarding the breach of an intermediate and the breach under CISG, the buyer should take into account where the seller's breach is fundamental or not. Moreover, an anticipatory breach can give rise to a right to avoid the contract. The anticipatory breach of a condition justifies termination. The breach of an intermediate and the breach under CISG require an anticipatory fundamental breach of the contract. Under SGA, the buyer has to prove an anticipatory breach in fact but CISG does not require virtual certainty, which SGA has stricter criteria to assess an anticipatory breach. Research implications or Originality - Comparative study helps to understand the nature of provisions under SGA and CISG and suggests practical advice to choose applicable laws. SGA gives more certainty to classify a contractual term. In case of the breach of a condition including the anticipatory breach under SGA, the buyer does not have to ask how much serious the breach is. But CISG requires the fundamental breach of the contract, which means that the buyer has the more burden of proof compared with SGA.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1992년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.209-214
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• 1992

This paper presents a one cycle R&D project regarding the large inertia platform servo control system. The steps followed the rather orthodox procedure. A serial double rate-loop was closed with a position loop, and acceleration velocity anticipatory compensations were designed in the forward path. Some appropriate compensation devices were utilized for the signal processing as well as for the better control quality. Simulations and experimental tests were repeated, and satisfactory performances were observed. However, frequency domain uncertainties inherent to the large structures still remain as an expertise supported subject.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.93-109
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to analyze the character of the creative design processes that appear at the creative design stage of the design thinking based on STEAM class and what factors affect the creative design process. Students who served as the subjects of this study were 4 elementary school students. We developed the design thinking based on STEAM program to look more specific the creative design process. The project was conducted with a total of 12 sheets of paper materials. The conclusions of this study are as follows. First, the problem solving process of the design thinking based on STEAM classes is not anticipatory and is cyclical and complex. So, teachers should provide sufficient time for students to create and simulate ideas and accept the solving problems through trial and error. Second, Having presented the STEAM class as a practical problem in the real world, there was less fear of students' failure and heightened motivation and enthusiasm. Providing with the real topic and open questions in classrooms can lead to students' voluntary participation in the classroom. Third, In the design thinking based on STEAM class, students develop concrete ideas through visualization courses. The group of students made the best solutions through communication.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.44-48
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• 2015

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between anticipatory postural adjustment (APA), single task, dual tasks and physical performances. The trunk muscles of APA consist of bilateral erector spinae (ES) and bilateral internal oblique (IO) adnominal muscles, during rapid stepping with the affected or unaffected leg in a sitting posture. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: In patients with chronic stroke, electrodes of surface electromyography (EMG) were attached on the bilateral erector spinae (ES), bilateral internal oblique adnominal (IO), and bilateral rectus femoris (RF) muscles. RF acts as the prime mover. The stroke patients performed hip flexion until $20^{\circ}$ as fast as possible at each leg in a sitting posture according to a visual cue. The visual cue unexpectedly appeared on monitor in front of the stroke patient. The single task was the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test. The dual tasks were the TUGconitive, which increased cognitive capacity, and the TUGmanual task, which had an external focus. Results: All EMG data showed earlier onset latency before the prime mover. In affected leg raising, the onset time of unaffected ES muscle of the stroke patients was correlated with the single and dual tasks (p<0.05). In unaffected leg raising, the onset time of the affected IO muscle was related to all the tasks (p<0.05). Gait speed showed a relationship with the unaffected ES muscle only. Conclusions: The trunk muscles of the bilateral ES and bilateral IO play an important role in APA. The single and dual tasks using TUG test were correlated with the APA s of ES and IO muscles. Dual task by the TUG test is a good measuring tool for reflecting the real life in patients with chronic stroke.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.88-93
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• 2018

Objective: Elevated cholesterol levels contribute to changes of the arterial endothelial permeability. Hyperlipidemia promotes atherosclerosis and is associated with an increased risk of stroke incidence. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of having a history of hyperlipidemia prior to a stroke incidence on postural balance, anticipatory dynamic postural control, gait endurance and gait performance in individuals with hemiparetic stroke. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Fifty-two adults who were diagnosed with stroke 6 months ago or more were enrolled in this study. They were divided into two different groups according to hyperlipidemia history before stroke. All participants were assessed with the Activities-specific into Balance Confidence (ABC) scale, Berg Balance scale (BBS), Dynamic Gait Index (DGI), Timed Up and Go test (TUG), and the 6-minute walk test (6MWT). An independent t-test was used to analyze the difference between the hyperlipidemia group and non-hyperlipidemia group. Results: After analysis, the BBS, TUG, and 6MWT scores were significantly different between the hyperlipidemia and non-hyperlipidemia group, but not the ABC and DGI scores. Conclusions: The results of this study show that having a history of hyperlipidemia before stroke affects static and dynamic postural balance performance, anticipatory dynamic postural balance, and gait endurance in individuals with chronic hemiparetic stroke. Based on the results of this study, we also suggest treatment for hyperlipidemia should be implemented throughout the therapeutic interventions, such as pharmacological or exercise programs, in order to restore the physical function of stroke survivors.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제34권10호
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• pp.107-118
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• 2018

Cedric price is an architect and educator who have had an influence on architectural thinking through teaching and projects, rather than completed buildings. The purpose of this study was to analyze the architecture of Cedric Price in terms of time. Time was an important factor to understand his architecture along with his interest in technology, so most of his architectural thinking and methodology - anti-architecture, programmatic indeterminacy, a philosophy of enabling and so on, could be explained under the consideration of time. Depending on how he considered and used the concept of time, his projects could be categorized into two groups; The first group was related to the change over time, and this group again divided into three sub categories; change of user's preference, change of external environment, and change over building lifetime. The second group was related to planning of time, which could be divided again into two categories; programmatic planning and the usage planning during the period. This categorization could provide a frame to look into his architecture, through which his projects showed the limitation in modern architecture and the possibility for contemporary architecture.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2004

본 연구는 21세기 기후변화에 대한 적응전략을 해수면 상승 관점에서 검토하였다. 해수면 상승에 취약한 것으로 알려진 연안역에 대한 적응책을 고려하는 경우 적응이 필요한 장소, 적응방법, 적응시기에 대한 검토가 필요하다. 연안역에 대한 적응 능력 평가는 영향 및 적응 잠재력에 대한 이해를 필요로 한다. 해수면 상승에 대한 적응방법에는 관리적 이주, 순응, 방어가 있으며, 이들의 적용에는 취약지대 토지이용 상황, 취약성 정도, 경제성 분석 등의 검토를 통한 대응 방안의 조합이 요구된다. 적응시기에 대하여는 예측적 적응과 반응적 적응으로 구분할 수가 있으며, 이들을 함께 고려하는 것이 효과적이다. 기후변화 대응은 과학적 불확실성 하에서 이루어지는 과정으로 대응정책 결정은 정보와 인식 구축, 계획 및 정책 구상, 실행, 모니터링 및 평가의 단계로 이루어져야 한다.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.313-322
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify novice nurses' experience of turnover. Methods: Data were collected from June to August, 2014 through in-depth interview and E-mail. Twelve novice nurses with turnover experiences were selected through snowball sampling method. All interviews were recorded with MP3 recorder and transcribed for analyzing by Van Kaam method of phenomenology. Results: The results were divided into 4 categories, 20 themes, and 119 formulated meaning related to turnover experience. These four categories were 'Excessively heavy working environment', 'Relationship problem', 'Physical/emotional withdrawal', and 'Realizing the absence of goal in job'. Conclusion: The result of this study will offer anticipatory information to understand of novice nurses' difficulties and to prevent their turnover. And these findings can be used for nursing administrators to design a turnover prevention program more effectively for nurses.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2015년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.399-401
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• 2015

디지털 포렌식은 그동안 보안의 차선이 되어왔다. 디지털 포렌식은 늘 보안 사건이 일어난 후에만 사용되는 것으로 인식되었다. 산업의 규모가 커지고 보안의 범위가 넓어지면서 보안은 자본주의 사회에서 필수가 되었다. 이에 따라 디지털 포렌식의 역할은 중요해졌고 관심도 늘어나게 되었다. 하지만 보안 사건이 일어난 후, 그 뒤를 따라가는 것은 힘들고 한계가 있다. 특히 정보는 한번 새어나가면 걷잡을 수 없고, 경제적 손실도 막대하다. 또한 디지털 포렌식을 통해 증거를 수집한다고 해도 디지털 정보는 특성상 조작하기가 쉽기 때문에 법원에서 증거로 인정받기 위해서는 매우 까다로운 절차를 거쳐야 한다. 아직까지 한국에서는 디지털 증거를 어디까지 인정해야 하는지에 대한 명확한 기준이 없기 때문에 까다로운 절차를 거쳤다고 해서 증거로 인정받는다는 보장이 없다. 따라서 보안에 대해서는 예방하는 것이 최선이고 필수이다. 이 논문에서는 그동안 차선으로 인식되었던 디지털 포렌식 도구를 이용하여 보안 사건보다 한 발짝 앞서 보안을 관리하는 방법에 대해 검토하고자 한다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.129-138
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• 2021

본 연구는 사용자 중심 디자인 과정을 디자인 픽션 방법에 적용하여 사용자 친화적인 디자인픽션 방법론을 제안한 연구이다. 디자인 픽션은 미래에 대한 비평적 담론 위에 구상한 예측 시나리오를 디자인의 관점에서 물리적으로 구현하는 방법이다. 이러한 디자인 픽션은 HCI와 인터랙션 디자인 분야에서 미학적 혹은 실험적 접근으로써 많은 관심을 받고 있는 방법이지만 아직 학계에서 완전히 정립되지 않은 생소한 디자인 방법론이다. 특히, 사용자와의 접점을 모색하며 당면 문제를 해결하는 사용자 중심의 관점에서는 다루어지지 않고 있다. 현재의 문제를 기반으로 미래를 예측하며 디자인 관점에서 시나리오를 정립하는 선행디자인이 날로 중요해짐에 따라 본 연구는 그러한 선행디자인을 실험적으로 제시하는 디자인 픽션 방법이 사용자 중심의 관점에서 다루어지는 것이 필요하다고 보았다. 이에 따라, 본 연구에서는 사용자 중심 디자인 프로세스 중 사용자의 행동이나 인지에 직관적이고 직접적인 영향을 주고자 고안된 어포던스 개념을 기존 디자인 픽션의 과정에 접목하였다. 주제와 어포던스 개념을 구체적으로 디자인에 응용하고자 고안된 Design with Intent Toolkit을 시각디자인 전공 3학년 학생들에게 활용하였고, 이를 디자인 픽션의 과정으로 발전시켜 다양한 시각적 결과물을 완성하였다. 이러한 과정을 통해 본 연구는 기존의 비평적, 실험적 영역으로 국한되었던 디자인픽션 방법론외 대안으로 사용자 친화적인 디자인 픽션 방법론을 새롭게 제안하고자 한다.