• 대한본초학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.7-13
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• 2012

Objective : This study was conducted to observe the anti-hyperlipidemic and anti-inflammatory effects, as well as the metabolic benefits, of pear extract and herbal drug mixture (Lycii Fructus, Coicis Semen, Alimatis Rhizoma, and Astragali Radix) on rats fed with a high fat diet. Methods : The animals used were male rats and the control group was fed a high fat diet only. The experimental groups were divided into four. Exp I group was fed a high fat diet with a mixture of pear extract and 3% Lycii Fructus; Exp II group was fed a high fat diet with a mixture of pear extract and 3% Coicis Semen; Exp III group was fed a high fat diet with a mixture of pear extract and 3% Alimatis Rhizoma; and Exp IV group was fed a high fat diet with a mixture of pear extract and 3% Astragali Radix for 4 weeks. Results : The body weight gain increased in all groups, but attenuated gradually in the experimental groups compared to the control group. The food intakes were significantly lower in Exp I and Exp III groups than the control group. The concentrations of serum total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglyceride (TG) were significantly higher in Exp II than in the control group, and lower in Exp III group than in the control group. Also the concentration of serum free fatty acid was significantly lower in the Exp III group than in the control group. In inflammatory activities, the Exp II group was significantly lower than the control group. Conclusion : The results indicated that Exp III group (administered a mixture of pear extract and Alimatis Rhizoma) most efficiently reduced fat accumulation and body weight, while the Exp II group (administered the mixture of pear extract and Coicis Semen) had the highest elevated lipid metabolism and immune activity.

• 대한화장품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한화장품학회 2003년도 IFSCC Conference Proceeding Book II
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• pp.108-109
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• 2003

Ursolic acid (UA) and Oleanolic acid (ONA), known as urson, micromerol, prunol and malol, are pentacyclic triterpenoid compounds which naturally occur in a large number of vegetarian foods, medicinal herbs, and plants. They may occur in their free acid form or as aglycones for triterpenoid saponins, which are comprised of a triterpenoid aglycone, linked to one or more sugar moieties. Therefore UA and ON A are similar in pharmacological activity. Lately scientific research, which led to the identification of UA and ONA, revealed that several pharmacological effects, such as antitumor, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anti-hyperlipidemic could be attributed to UA and ONA. Here, we introduced the effects of UA and ONA on acute barrier disruption and normal epidermal permeability barrier function. To clarify the effects of UA and ONA on skin barrier recovery, both flank skin of 8-12 weeks hairless mice were topically treated with samples (2mg/ml) after tape stripping, then measured recovery rate using TEWL on hairless mice. The recovery rate increased in UA and ONA treated groups at 6h more than 20% compared to vehicle treated group (p <0.05). For verifying the effects of UA and ONA on normal epidermal barrier, hydration and TEWL were measured for 1 and 3 weeks after UA and ONA applications (2mg/ml per day). We also investigated the features of epidermis and dermis using electron microscopy (EM) and light microscopy (LM). Both samples increased hydration compared to Vehicle group from 1 week without TEWL alteration (p<0.005). EM examination using Ru04 and OsO4 fixation revealed that secretion and numbers of lamellar bodies and complete formation of lipid bilayers were most prominent (ONA$\geq$UA>Vehicle). LM finding showed that stratum corneum was slightly increased and especially epidermal thickening and flattening was observed (UA>ONA>Vehicle). Using Masson-trichrome and elastic fiber staining, we observed collagen thickening and elastic fiber increasing by UA and ONA treatments. In vitro results of collagen and elastin synthesis and elastase inhibitory experiments were also confirmed in vivo findings. This result suggested that the effects of UA and ONA related to not only skin barrier but also collagen and elastic fibers. Taken together, UA and ONA can be relevant candidates to improve barrier function and pertinent agents for cosmetic applications.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.206-211
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• 2000

본 실험은 발아메밀을 식이에 50%(w/w) 혼합하여 6주간 섭취시켰을 때 발아메밀이 고혈압쥐의 혈압, 혈당 및 혈중 지질농도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 파악하므로써 발아메밀의 기능성 식품으로서의 이용성을 확인하고자 하였다. 실험기간 중 실험쥐의 체중증가는 숫컷의 경우 대조군에 비하여 발아메밀군에서 유의적으로 증가하였다. 장기무게는 숫컷의 경우 간, 신장, 심장이 대조군에 비하여 발아메밀군에서 유의하게 무거웠으나 체중에 대한 장기 무게비로 볼 때 모든 장기에서 유의적인 차이가 없었으며 암컷의 경우 심장의 경우에만 대조군에 비하여 발아메밀군에서 유의적으로 증가하였다. 실험기간 6주 후 수축기혈압은 숫컷의 대조군에 비하여 발아메밀군에서 유의적으로 3% 감소하였으며, 혈당은 숫컷과 암컷 모두에서 대조군에 비하여 발아메밀군에서 감소하는 경향을 나타내었으며, 혈중 HDL-콜레스테롤 농도 및 HTR은 대조군에 비하여 암컷의 발아메밀군에서 유의하게 증가하였다. 동맥경화지수는 대조군에 비하여 암컷의 발아메밀군에서 유의하게 감소하였다. 본 실험의 결과에서 발아메밀은 숫컷 고혈압쥐의 혈압상승을 뚜렷하게 억제하였으며, 암컷의 경우 혈중 HDL-콜레스테롤 및 HTR을 증가시켰으며 동맥경화지수를 유의적으로 감소시켰다. 따라서 본 실험 조건하에서 제조된 발아메밀은 혈압 상승을 억제시키고 혈당 및 혈중 지질대사를 개선시킬 수 있는 항고혈압 기능성식품으로의 이용 가능성이 기대된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제42권12호
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• pp.1966-1971
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• 2013

본 연구는 다양한 영양성분과 생리활성이 풍부하여 약용버섯으로 알려진 검은비늘버섯을 가공식품으로의 영역확대를 위해 그 분말을 이용하여 쿠키를 제조하였고, 쿠키의 이화학적 품질특성과 생리활성 및 관능적인 특성을 조사하였다. 쿠키를 제조하기 전 검은비늘버섯이 가지고 있는 자체 일반 성분을 조사한 결과, 지방의 함량은 적은 대신(1%, dry basis) 30% 이상의 조섬유를 가지고 있었다. 쿠키반죽의 밀도는 대조구와 분말첨가구가 1%, 3% 간에 유의적인 차이는 없었지만, 5% 첨가구의 밀도가 약간 감소하였다. 반죽의 pH는 대조구가 6.74였지만, 검은비늘버섯의 첨가량이 증가할수록 그 값이 유의적으로 감소하여 5% 분말을 첨가한 반죽의 경우는 pH 6.02로 나타났고, 쿠키의 수분함량은 분말의 첨가량이 증가할수록 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 다음으로 쿠키의 퍼짐성은 대조구의 경우 8.64였고 버섯분말 첨가구는 약간 감소하였으나 첨가구 간에 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 손실율의 경우는 모든 실험구에서 유의적인 차이가 없었으나 팽창률의 경우는 대조구에 비해 첨가할수록 그 값이 작아졌다. 제조한 쿠키의 경도는 대조구가 가장 단단하였고, 분말의 첨가량을 증가할수록 쿠키가 연해지는 것을 알 수 있었다. 쿠키 표면의 색도는 L값의 경우 버섯분말을 첨가할수록 어두워졌고, 반대로 a값 적색도와 b값 황색도는 증가하였다. 생리활성 측면에서도 radical 소거능과 총 폴리페놀 함량은 대조구에 비해 검은비늘버섯 첨가량을 증가시킬수록 유의적으로 증가하였으며, 마지막으로 관능평가의 경우는 3% 첨가구의 기호도가 가장 높았다. 따라서 이런 결과를 종합해보면 쿠키에 검은비늘버섯 분말을 3% 첨가하는 것이 생리활성과 기호도가 높은 쿠키를 제조할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.333-338
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• 2012

본 연구는 가시오갈피 에탄올 추출물의 지질대사 개선 및 항비만 효과에 대해 구명하고자 3주령 된 흰쥐 40마리를 정상군, AIN-76 식이 대조군, 가시오갈피 추출물 처리군, 양성대조군(가르시니아)으로 나누어 6주간 실시하였다. AIN-76식이로 인하여 체중이 유의적으로 증가하였고, 가시오갈피 추출물은 AIN-76 식이군과 비교 시 10.55% 유의적으로 감소하였으며, 가르시니아 투여군도 13.60% 유의적으로 감소하였고 가시오갈피 잎 추출물 투여군과 유의적으로 같은 수준이었다. 식이섭취량은 정상군에 비하여 모든 군에서 전체적으로 감소하는 경향을 보였으며, 특히 가시오갈피 잎 추출물 투여군은 대조군 대비 16.87% 유의적으로(p<0.05) 감소함을 알 수 있었다. 혈청 중 총콜레스테롤 함량은 AIN-76식이 대조군이 정상군 대비 28.36% 유의적으로(p<0.05) 증가하였고, 가시오갈피 잎 추출물 투여군과 가르시니아 투여군은 AIN-76 식이군 대비 각각 25.47, 27.15% 유의적으로 감소하였다. 혈청 중 중성지방 함량은 AIN-76 식이군이 정상군 대비 35.04% 유의적으로 증가하였다. 가시오갈피 추출물 잎 투여군과 가르시니아 투여군은 AIN-76 식이군 대비 각각 37.54, 26.76% 유의적으로(p<0.05) 감소하였다. HDL-콜레스테롤 함량은 가시오갈피 잎 추출물 투여군과 가르시니아 투여군은 AIN-76 식이군 대비 각각 7.01, 5.00% 유의적으로 증가하였다. 간과 부고환 지방 조직의 무게는 가시오갈피 잎 추출물 투여로 유의하게 감소하였다. 간 조직 내 중성지방의 경우 AIN-76 식이군에서 정상군 대비 27.21% 유의적으로(p<0.05) 증가하였고, 가시오갈피 잎 추출물 투여군과 가르시니아 투여군에서는 AIN-76 식이군 대비 각각 6.77, 10.52% 유의적으로 감소하였다. 총 콜레스테롤은 AIN-76 식이군이 정상군과 비교하여 28.21% 증가하였고, 가시오갈피 잎 추출물 투여군과 가르시니아 투여군 에서는 각각 5.78, 6.91% 유의적으로 감소하였다. 위의 실험 결과 향후 가시오갈피 잎 추출물은 비만 예방 및 치료에 효과적인 소재로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.210-218
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• 2010

본 연구는 야콘의 혈청, 간 및 지방조직의 체내 지질대사 개선효과와 항비만 효과를 살펴보기 위하여 in vivo에서 5주령 된 흰쥐 수컷 24마리를 10일간 적응시킨 후 정상식이군(N), 고지방-고콜레스테롤 식이군(HFC), 고지방-고콜레스테롤 식이와 5% 야콘 분말 첨가군(HFC-PSL) 및 고지방-고콜레스테롤 식이군과 10% 야콘 분말 첨가군(HFC-PSH)으로 나누어 4주간 실시하였다. 고지방-고콜레스테롤 식이로 증가된 체중증가량은 야콘 분말의 첨가로 농도 의존적으로 감소되었다. 고지방-고콜레스테롤 식이를 급여한 흰쥐에게 야콘 분말의 첨가는 식이섭취량에는 영향을 미치지 않았으나, 식이효율은 야콘 분말의 첨가로 유의하게 저하되었다. 고지방-고콜레스테롤 식이로 증가되어진 부고환 및 장간막 지방조직의 무게는 야콘 분말의 급여로 유의하게 저하되었으나, 간조직 무게에는 영향을 미치지 않았다. 혈청 중 ALT, AST, ALP 및 LDH 활성도 야콘 분말의 첨가로 고지방-고콜레스테롤 식이군(HFC)에 비하여 저하되었다. 혈청 중 중성지방 함량의 경우, 고지방-고콜레스테롤 식이군들(HFC, HFC-PSL, HFC-PSH) 간의 유의차가 없었으나, 혈청 중 총콜레스테롤 함량은 야콘 분말 첨가에 따라 농도 의존적으로 감소하였다. 야콘 분말의 급여로 인하여 고지방-고콜레스테롤 식이로 감소된 혈청 HDL-콜레스테롤 함량은 증가되었고, 고지방-고콜레스테롤 식이로 증가된 혈청 LDL-콜레스테롤 함량과 동맥경화지수 및 심혈관위험지수는 유의하게 감소되었다. 고지방-고콜레스테롤 식이로 증가된 간조직 및 지방조직의 중성지방 및 총콜레스테롤 함량은 야콘분말의 급여로 감소하였으며, 특히 부고환지방조직의 총콜레스테롤 함량과 장간막지방조직의 중성 지방 함량은 정상식이군(N)과도 비슷한 경향이었다. 이상의 실험 결과 흰쥐에게 고지방-고콜레스테롤 식이와 함께 급여한 야콘 분말은 체중, 간 및 지방조직의 무게 감소와 더불어 혈청 및 지방조직의 지질대사 개선에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 야콘 분말에 함유된 식이섬유소인 inulin과 fructo-oligo당 등 생리활성 물질에 의해 지방조직의 체지방 형성을 억제함으로써 항비만 효과 및 체내 지질대사 개선과 심혈관계 질환 예방 효과를 나타낼 수 있을 것으로 생각되어지나, 이외의 성분이 어떻게 고지혈증 및 비만을 억제시킬 수 있는지는 추후 더 연구되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.59-78
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• 2009

Objective : This study was designed to examine the effects of stem bark extracts of Cornus walteri Wanger on the lipid lowering, anti-oxidative activity and concentration of proinflammatory cytokines in hyperlipidemic rat. Methods : Male rats weighing $195.21{\pm}5.85g$ fed high fat diet for 8 weeks and 40 rats(above 400 g) were divided into 4 groups. Each groups were divided into a control group and 3 experimental groups. We fed a control group of rats a basal diet and administered normal saline(100 mg/kg, 1 time/1 day) for 4 weeks. And we fed each experimental group of rats Basal diet and administered an extract of Cornus walteri Wanger(100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg, 1 time/1 day) for 4 weeks. At the end of the experiment, the rats were sacrificed to determine their chemical composition. We measured lipid of plasma and liver, concentration of proinflammatory cytokines, anti-oxidative activity and gene expression. Results : 1. Concentration of plasma free fatty acid, LDL-cholesterol showed a tendency to decrease in Cornus walteri Wanger ext. groups. Concentration of plasma triglyceride, total cholesterol showed a significantly decrement in all Cornus walteri Wanger ext. group than that of control group. HDL-cholesterol showed a significantly increment in the 300 mg/kg Cornus walteri Wanger ext. group. 2. Concentration of liver total cholesterol showed a tendence to decrease in Cornus walteri Wanger ext. groups. Concentration of triglyceride liver showed a significantly decrement in all Cornus walteri Wanger ext. group than that of control group. 3. Concentration of plasma and liver TBARS showed a tendence to decrease in Cornus walteri Wanger ext. groups. The values of GSH-Px, SOD and CAT activity showed a significantly increment in the 300 mg/kg Cornus walteri Wanger ext. group than that of control group. 4. The values of plasma AST and ALT activity showed no significantly different in all treatment groups. 5. Concentration of plasma $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6 and $TNF-{\alpha}$ showed a tendency to decrease in the Cornus walteri Wanger ext. groups. However the concentration of IL-10 in the 200 and 300 mg/kg Cornus walteri Wanger ext. groups showed a significantly increment than that of control group. Concentration of liver $IL-1{\beta}$, $TNF-{\alpha}$ and IL-10 showed no significantly difference in all treatment groups. However concentration of IL-6 in the 200 and 300 mg/kg Cornus walteri Wanger ext. groups showed a significantly decrement than that of control group. 6. In the analysis of RT-PCR, gene expression of $TNF-{\alpha}$, Apo-B, Apo-E and leptin in the Cornus walteri Wanger ext. groups showed a lower expression than that of control group. 7. The ratio of $TNF-{\alpha}$, Apo-E and leptin expression per $\beta$-actin expression in the 200 and 300 mg/kg Cornus walteri Wanger ext. showed a significantly decrement than that of control group. The ratio of Apo-B expression per $\beta$-actin expression in the 300 mg/kg Cornus walteri Wanger ext. showed a significantly decrement than that of control group. Conclusions : According to above results, in lowering lipid effect, antioxidative activity and antiinflammatory effect, the Cornus walteri Wanger ext. gives positive effect.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.1163-1169
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• 2007

Effects of Sotosaja hwan on Blood Glucose, Hyperlipidemia, Polyol Pathway and Antioxidative Mechanism in ob/ob Mouse Diabetes is a disease in which the body does not produce or properly use insulin. Etiological studies of diabetes and its complications showed that oxidative stress might play a major role. Therefore, many efforts have been tried to regulate free oxygen radicals for treating diabetes and its complications. Sotosaja-hwan has been known to be effective for the antiaging and composed of four crude herbs. In male ob/ob mouse in severe obesity, hyperinsulinemia and hyperlipidemia, which are features of NIDDM, the hyperglycemic activites and mechanisms of Sotosaja-hwan were examined. Mice were grouped and treated for 5 weeks as follows. Both the lean (C57/BL6J black mice) and diabetic (ob/ob mice) control groups received standard chow. The experimental groups were fed with a diet of chow supplemented with 30 and 90 mg Sotosaja-hwan per 1 kg of body weight for 14 days. The effects of Sotosaja-hwan extract on the ob/ob mice were observed by measuring the serum levels of glucose, insulin, lipid components, and the kidney levels of superoxide anion radical $({\cdot}O_2)$, MDA+HAE, GSH/GSSG ratio, and also the enzyme activities involved in polyol pathway. Sotosaja-hwan lowered the levels of serum glucose and insulin in a dose dependent manner. Total cholesterol, triglyceride and free fatty acid levels were decreased, while the HDL-cholesterol level was increased, in Sotosaja-hwan treated groups. Renal aldose reductase and sorbitol dehydrogenase activities were increased in the ob/ob mice, whereas those were inhibited in the Sotosaja-hwan-administered groups. Sotosaja-hwan inhibited the generation of ${\cdot}O_2$ in the kidney. Finally, MDA+HAE levels was increased and GSH/GSSG ratio was decreased in the ob/ob mice, whereas those were improved in the Sotosaja-hwan-administered groups. Sotosaja-hwan showed the antidiabetic and anti hyperlipidemic activities by regulating the activities of polyol pathway enzymes, scavenging reactive oxygen species and reducing the MDA+HAE levels in the ob/ob mice.

• 생약학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.309-316
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• 2011

Fatty liver disease refers to a range of disorders associated with fatty liver, which occur in excessive eating, evident infection or significant consumption of alcohol. This study was to investigate the effects of water and ethanol extracts of Triticum aestivum young leaf on lipid metabolism and accumulation in liver of mice fed with high-fat diet. Male C57BL/6 mice were divided into normal diet group, high fat diet (HFD) group, high fat diet group administrated with 200 mg/kg/day of T. aestivum water extract (HFD-TAWE) and high-fat group administrated with 200 mg/kg/day of T. aestivum ethanol extract (HFD-TAEE). TAWE and TAEE were administrated orally for 5 weeks once at the same time point. Both TAWE and TAEE significantly reduced body weight, food intake and liver tissue weight, which were augmented in high fat-fed mice. The serum levels of triglyceride, total and LDL-cholesterol also were significantly attenuated in both HFD-TAWE and HFD-TAEE groups compared to the HFD group. Moreover, administration of HFD-TAWE or HFD-TAEE reduced the lipid accumulation in liver tissue of mice fed with high fat diet. Levels of total lipids and triglyceride in liver tissues also was significantly reduced in HFDTAWE and HFD-TAEE groups compared to HFD group. The activities of serum ALT and AST revealed in HFD group were remarkedly decreased in HFD-TAEE groups. These results indicate that both water and ethanol extract of T. aestivum may improve the lipid accumulation in liver as well as lipid metabolism in serum, and that in particular, the ethanol extract of T. aestivum may has the potent anti-hyperlipidemic effect, suggesting that it may be a useful candidate for the therapy preventing fatty liver diseases.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.139-158
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• 1998

In order to study the anti-hyperlipidemic effects of Evening primrose, the changes of body weight, serum total cholesterol, serum HDL-cholesterol, serum triglyceride, serum LDL-cholesterol, serum total lipid and organ weight were observed after the liquid extracts of Single-dosage Evening primrose and Double-dosage Evening primrose were administered p.o to the hypercholestemic and hypertriglyceremic rats induced by 1% cholesterol diet during 10, 20, 30 days. The result were summarized as follows ; 1. The contents of body weight compared with control group was significantly decreased in single-dosage Evening primrose group during 10, 30 days and in double-dosage Evening primrose group did not show significant value. 2. The contents of serum total cholesterol with control group tend to be decreased in single-dosage Evening primrose group, but did not show significant value. Double-dosage Evening primrose group showed significant value during 20, 30 days. 3. The contents of serum HDL-cholesterol compared with control group was significantly increased in single-dosage Evening primrose group during 10, 20, 30 days. Double-dosage Evening primrose group showed significantly value during 30 days. 4. The contents of serum triglyceride compared with control group was significantly decreased in single-dosage Evening primrose group during 10, 30 days. Double-dosage Evening primrose group showed significant value during 20 days. 5. The contents of serum LDL-cholesterol compared with control group was significantly decreased in single-dosage Evening primrose group during 10 days. Double-dosage Evening primrose group showed significant value during 10, 20, 30 days. 6. The contents of serum total lipid compared with control group was significantly decreased in single-dosage Evening primrose group during 20 days. Double-dosage Evening primrose group showed significant value during 20, 30 days. 7. The contents of liver weight compared with control group was significantly decreased in single-dosage Evening primrose group and double-dosage Evening primrose group. The contents of kidney weight compared with control group was significantly decreased in single-dosage Evening primrose group. The contents of spleen weight compared with control group was significantly decreased in single-dosage Evening primrose group and double-dosage Evening primrose group. The contents of testis weight compared with control group tend to decreased in single-dosage Evening primrose group and double-dosage Evening primrose group, put did not show a significant value. From the above results, it was thought that Evening primrose could be applied effectively to the Hyperlipidemia.