• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.65-74
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• 2022

Background: This study attempted to find out the degree of awareness of owners who have the most influence on companion animal's rehabilitation exercise, and the purpose of the treatment effect, and the expectations of rebilitation treatment. The purpose of this study is to find out about the awareness, comprehension, and expectations of caregiver for rehabilitation exercise in companion animal medical services, and to develop them into a field of animal medical services. Design: The tool used in this study used a questionnaire, and the composition consists of the subject's general characteristics, recognition of companion animal rehabilitation, comprehension and expectation. Methods: A questionnaire was given to 103 companion animal's owners, and all were collected and analyzed. Analysis of the frequency analysis method, Fisher's exact test were analyzed. Results: It was confirmed that the difference was significant in the question of whether the caregivers had heard companion animal rehabilitation (p<.05). When asked that rehabilitation is necessary to improve physical function, the difference was confirmed to be significant (p<.05). The significance was confirmed when asked if the caregiver was willing to participate in animal rehabilitation education (p<.05). When asked if caregiver was willing to recommend rehabilitation exercise for companion animal of other caregiver who need rehabilitation exercise, it was confirmed that the difference was significant (p<.05). Conclusion: There was significant difference between gender. This study confirmed that the definite concept caregivers' perception in animal rehabilitation was not established. Therefore, in order to improve perception of caregivers, interdisciplinary exchanges and publicity for animal rehabilitation are needed, and the development of training and education programs for rehabilitation experts was suggested.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.391-394
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• 2009

An Asian water monitor Varanus salvator with physical wound due to bite which was subsequently infected with bacterium resulting to hemorrhage and pus in the skin blisters, abdominal distention and septicemia. Morganella morganii was isolated and identified from the blood and kidney of the reptile, and confirmed by PCR and biochemical tests. The sensitivity of isolated strains to different groups of antibiotics was also evaluated using the disc diffusion method. Pathogenicity test using M. morganii (SNUFPC-MM01) (1.6 ${\times}$ $10^{11}$CFU/mouse) to suckling and adult mice resulted to the death of all mice. This paper describes the first isolation of M. morganii from Asian water monitor in Korea.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.61 no.6
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• pp.371-378
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of group combined intervention that combined animal-assisted therapy and integrated elderly play therapy on the depression, self-esteem, and emotional expression of geriatric patients residing in nursing homes. This was achieved by providing cognitive, physical, and emotional activities and social interaction at the same time. The group combined intervention method was applied to twelve elderly patients (six in the control group, six in the experimental group) aged 65 or older who live in a nursing home for the elderly in C province, from May 3, 2019 to June 21, 2019, for a total of 8 times (once a week, 50 minutes at a time). The quantitative evaluation was analyzed through SPSS 21.0 for comparison before and after the program was implemented, using the Korean version of the depression and the self-esteem scale. The qualitative evaluation compared emotional expression pre-test and post-test. The major results of the study were as follows: First, the group combined intervention was effective in reducing depression levels of the experimental group among the elderly patients. Second, it was effective in improving the self-esteem of the experimental group among the elderly patients. Third, it showed a significant difference in the emotional expression of the experimental group among the elderly patients. Therefore, it was found that group combined intervention reduces depression and improves self-esteem and emotional expression of the elderly. Based on these results, it is hoped that this study will be a cornerstone in the development of concrete programs for the benefit of elderly patients living in facilities.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.89-97
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• 1994

These studies were carried out to investigate the properties of H-Y antigen purified by immunoaffinity chromatography using monoclonal H-Y antibody. Immunoaffinity column was prepared by the coupling of monoclonal antibody to the Aminolink Coupling Gel. Murine testis supernatant was applied onto the column and eluted by O.lM glycine-HCl buffer and 31${\mu}g$ of H-Y Ag was eluted from one testis. Purified H-Y Ag strongly reacted with Con A and lentil from 6 different kinds of lectins tested, which may indicate that sugar moiety of H-Y Ag is composed of glucose, mannose and their derivatives. Con A-sepharose affinity column was used to purified H-Y Ag based on that H-Y Ag is glycoprotein. The fraction eluted by 0.2M Me-${\alpha}$-D-mannoside from the column loaded with murine testis supernatant was identified to be H-Y Ag by dot blot test. Molecular weight of the purified H-Y Ag was estimated by Sepharose G-75 gel filtration and SDS-PAGE, and showing that it was about 67,000 dalton. In fluorescence test, the ratio of XY embryos and XX embryos was 1:1.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.1634-1640
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• 2012

The objective of this study was to compare pork characteristics and to determine consumer acceptability of pork chops from antibiotic free Yorkshire crossbreds sired by Berkshire (BY), Large Black (LBY), Tamworth (TY) or Yorkshire (YY) boars and reared in hoop houses. The experiments were conducted at the North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University (NCA&TSU) Farm in Greensboro, NC and the Cherry Research Station Center for Environmental Farming Systems (CEFS) Alternative Swine Unit in Goldsboro, NC (source of antibiotic free Yorkshire sows used at both places). Twenty-four sows were artificially inseminated at each location in each of three trials. Litters were weaned at 4 wks old, and reared within deep-bedded outdoor hoop houses. To compare pork characteristics, 104 randomly selected animals were harvested at a USDA-inspected abattoir at approximately 200 d of age. Variables measured included pH, color score, $L^*$, $a^*$, $b^*$, marbling score, drip loss, hot carcass weight, backfat thickness (BF), loin muscle area (LMA), and slice shear force. Sensory panel tests were also conducted at two time periods. The data was analyzed with GLM in SAS 9.01 including location, trial, and sire breed as fixed effects. Backfat thickness, LMA, color score and $a^*$ were different among breeding groups (p<0.05). The LBY pigs had thicker backfat and smaller LMA than the other breed types. The TY and YY had less backfat than all other breed groups. Color score was lower for YY than BY and LBY but intermediate for TY. The $a^*$ was lower for TY than other breeds except LBY which was intermediate. For one sensory panel test, YY pork was more preferred overall as well as for juiciness and texture compared to BY and LBY (p<0.05), but no impact of breed type was noted for the other test, with values similar for BY, LBY, TY and YY pork. This information may help small farmers make decisions about breed types to use for outdoor production.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.464-470
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• 2016

The objective of this study was to investigate the accuracy of imputation from low density (LDC) to moderate density SNP chips (MDC) in a Thai Holstein-Other multibreed dairy cattle population. Dairy cattle with complete pedigree information (n = 1,244) from 145 dairy farms were genotyped with GeneSeek GGP20K (n = 570), GGP26K (n = 540) and GGP80K (n = 134) chips. After checking for single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) quality, 17,779 SNP markers in common between the GGP20K, GGP26K, and GGP80K were used to represent MDC. Animals were divided into two groups, a reference group (n = 912) and a test group (n = 332). The SNP markers chosen for the test group were those located in positions corresponding to GeneSeek GGP9K (n = 7,652). The LDC to MDC genotype imputation was carried out using three different software packages, namely Beagle 3.3 (population-based algorithm), FImpute 2.2 (combined family- and population-based algorithms) and Findhap 4 (combined family- and population-based algorithms). Imputation accuracies within and across chromosomes were calculated as ratios of correctly imputed SNP markers to overall imputed SNP markers. Imputation accuracy for the three software packages ranged from 76.79% to 93.94%. FImpute had higher imputation accuracy (93.94%) than Findhap (84.64%) and Beagle (76.79%). Imputation accuracies were similar and consistent across chromosomes for FImpute, but not for Findhap and Beagle. Most chromosomes that showed either high (73%) or low (80%) imputation accuracies were the same chromosomes that had above and below average linkage disequilibrium (LD; defined here as the correlation between pairs of adjacent SNP within chromosomes less than or equal to 1 Mb apart). Results indicated that FImpute was more suitable than Findhap and Beagle for genotype imputation in this Thai multibreed population. Perhaps additional increments in imputation accuracy could be achieved by increasing the completeness of pedigree information.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.69-74
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• 2012

The analytical method of trace toxic metals in livestock products was confirmed and validated through certified reference material (CRM) and the international proficiency tests. There are some difficulties to determine low levels of toxic metals in livestock products because of interferences due to the matrix. The recoveries of CRM (NIST 1577c) ranged from 73.9 to 119% for lead and from 86.4 to 111% for cadmium in bovine liver. The international proficiency tests were carried out with the milk powder and cocoa powder samples including metals provided by Food Analysis Performance Assessment Scheme (FAPAS$^{(R)}$, UK). The test samples were prepared by microwave digestion using solution of $HNO_3:H_2O_2:H_2O$ (v/v/v = 5 : 2 : 4) and analyzed by ICP/MS. The analytical result of cadmium in milk powder was $121{\mu}g/kg$ with -0.3 of the z-score compared to the assigned value of $131{\mu}g/kg$ by FAPAS$^{(R)}$. The analytical results of lead and cadmium in cocoa powder were $29.2{\mu}g/kg$ and $97.6{\mu}g/kg$, respectively, which satisfied the assigned values of $34.2{\mu}g/kg$ for lead and $126{\mu}g/kg$ for cadmium by FAPAS$^{(R)}$. It is verified that the analytical method is accurate and reliable to determine trace lead and cadmium in livestock products by microwave digestion and ICP/MS.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.403-407
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• 2011

This study describes a canine lymphosarcoma with a rapid proliferation and recurrence. A 4-year-old, male, Shih Tzu dog was examined for acute swelling mass. The mass had been identified since 3 months ago and enlarged $10{\times}7$ cm and located in the right axillary region. The surgical removal was recommended when patient visited veterinarian and the operation was conducted. The removed tumor was $11{\times}8{\times}7$ cm and firm, lobulated and white cut surface. Routine screening laboratory test was assessed with blood and radiological analysis. The metastasis sign was not detected on thoracic and abdominal radiography. Blood test revealed decreased lymphocytes. After surgical removal of the mass, microscopic histopathological examination was performed to determine the final diagnosis. Histopathologically, the tumors are characterized by the same histological features, including the presence of neoplastic cellular populations, and lymphocytes infiltration in varying proportions. Also, DNA was extracted and PCR analysis was employed to analyze the origin of tumor cells. T-cell specific nucleic acid fragments were specifically amplified by PCR. On the basis of the laboratory results, the tumor was diagnosed with canine T-cell lymphosarcoma. On the basis of our knowledge, this is the first report of canine T-cell lymphosarcoma in a Shih Tzu dog.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.63 no.4
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• pp.33-41
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• 2021

The emission characteristics and emission factors were determined by measuring the concentration of methane (CH₄) and nitrous oxide (N₂O), the amount of ventilation, etc. in the two fattening rooms which have the same environment in winter. As a result of monitoring, the average concentration of CH₄ and N₂O was 20.7-26.7 ppm and 1.4-1.6 ppm. The average temperature inside the room was measured at 20.0-21.4℃, and the average ventilation was 1345.4-1567.3 m³/h. The daily emission of CH₄ for the first 30 days showed a constant emission of 3.6-8.2 g/d/m²/pig, but thereafter, the emission increased rapidly. The daily emission of N₂O was 0.7-1.3 g/d/m²/pig, showing stable emission during the test period, and relatively insignificant emission compared to the emission of CH₄. After repeated test, it was confirmed that there was no significant difference between the two rooms. As a result, the CH₄ 6. 21 g/d/m²/pig and N₂O 1.02 g/d/m²/pig average emission for each room was derived.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.34 no.8
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• pp.1253-1270
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• 2021

Assessment of male fertility is based on the evaluation of sperm. Semen evaluation measures various sperm quality parameters as fertility indicators. However, semen evaluation has limitations, and it requires the advancement and application of strict quality control methods to interpret the results. This article reviews the recent advances in evaluating various sperm-specific quality characteristics and methodologies, with the help of different assays to assess sperm-fertility status. Sperm evaluation methods that include conventional microscopic methods, computer-assisted sperm analyzers (CASA), and flow cytometric analysis, provide precise information related to sperm morphology and function. Moreover, profiling fertility-related biomarkers in sperm or seminal plasma can be helpful in predicting fertility. Identification of different sperm proteins and diagnosis of DNA damage has positively contributed to the existing pool of knowledge about sperm physiology and molecular anomalies associated with different infertility issues in males. Advances in methods and sperm-specific evaluation has subsequently resulted in a better understanding of sperm biology that has improved the diagnosis and clinical management of male factor infertility. Accurate sperm evaluation is of paramount importance in the application of artificial insemination and assisted reproductive technology. However, no single test can precisely determine fertility; the selection of an appropriate test or a set of tests and parameters is required to accurately determine the fertility of specific animal species. Therefore, a need to further calibrate the CASA and advance the gene expression tests is recommended for faster and field-level applications.