Isolation and Characterization of Morganella morganii from Asian Water Monitor Varanus salvator

아시아 물왕도마뱀에서 분리된 모가넬라 모가니의 분리동정

  • Shin, Sang-Phil (Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Medicine and BK21 Program for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kim, Ji-Hyung (Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Medicine and BK21 Program for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University) ;
  • Gomez, Dennis K. (Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Medicine and BK21 Program for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University) ;
  • Choresca Jr., Casiano H. (Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Medicine and BK21 Program for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University) ;
  • Han, Jee-Eun (Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Medicine and BK21 Program for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University) ;
  • Park, Se-Chang (Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Medicine and BK21 Program for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University)
  • 신상필 (서울대학교 수의과대학 수생동물질병학연구실) ;
  • 김지형 (서울대학교 수의과대학 수생동물질병학연구실) ;
  • 데니스 고메즈 (서울대학교 수의과대학 수생동물질병학연구실) ;
  • 카시아노 추레스카 (서울대학교 수의과대학 수생동물질병학연구실) ;
  • 한지은 (서울대학교 수의과대학 수생동물질병학연구실) ;
  • 박세창 (서울대학교 수의과대학 수생동물질병학연구실)
  • Published : 2009.08.31

Abstract

An Asian water monitor Varanus salvator with physical wound due to bite which was subsequently infected with bacterium resulting to hemorrhage and pus in the skin blisters, abdominal distention and septicemia. Morganella morganii was isolated and identified from the blood and kidney of the reptile, and confirmed by PCR and biochemical tests. The sensitivity of isolated strains to different groups of antibiotics was also evaluated using the disc diffusion method. Pathogenicity test using M. morganii (SNUFPC-MM01) (1.6 ${\times}$ $10^{11}$CFU/mouse) to suckling and adult mice resulted to the death of all mice. This paper describes the first isolation of M. morganii from Asian water monitor in Korea.

왼쪽 앞다리에 교상을 입은 아시아 물왕도마뱀은 세균감염에 의해 피부 출혈, 농포, 수포, 복부팽만, 패혈증의 증상을 보인 후 폐사하였다. 신장에서 균을 분리, 생화학적 검사와 PCR 방법을 이용 모가넬라 모가니로 동정하였다. 25종의 항생제 감수성 검사를 실시하였고 분리된 균을 1.6 ${\times}$ $10^{11}$CFU/mouse 농도로 마우스 복강에 접종, 포유류에 대한 병원성을 검사하였다. 실험결과 마우스는 모두 폐사하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Bauer AW, Kirby WM, Sherris JC, Turck M. Antibiotic susceptibility testing by a standardized single disk method. Am J Clin Pathol 1966; 45: 493-496
  2. Brenner DJ, Farmer JJ, Fanning GR, Steigerwalt AG, Klykken P, Wathen HG, Hickman FW, Ewing WH. Deoxyribonucleic acid relatedness of Proteus and Providencia species. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1993; 28: 269-282 https://doi.org/10.1099/00207713-28-2-269
  3. Choi JH, Yoo HS, Park, JY, Kim YK, Kim E, Kim DY. Morganelliasis pneumonia in a captive jaguar. J Wildl Dis 2002; 38: 199-201
  4. Cunningham ET Jr., Whitcher JP, Kim RY. Morganella morganii postoperative endophthalmitis. Br J Ophthalmol 1997; 81: 170-171
  5. Gebhart-Mueller Y, Mueller P, Nixon B. Unusual case of postoperative infection caused by Morganella morganii. J Foot Ankle Surg 1998; 37: 145-147 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1067-2516(98)80094-X
  6. Heard DJ, Jacobson ER, Clemmons RE, Campbell GA. Bacteremia and septic arthritis in a West African dwarf crocodile. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1998; 192: 1453-1454
  7. Holt JG, Krieg NR, Sneath PHA, Staley JT, Williams ST. Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology. 9th ed. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins Co. 1994: 183
  8. Jensen KT, Frederiksen W, Hickman-Brenner FW, Steigerwalt AG, Riddle CF, Brenner DJ. Recognition of Morganella subspecies, with proposal of Morganella morganii subsp. morganii subsp. nov. and Morganella morganii subsp. sibonii subsp. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1992; 42: 613-620 https://doi.org/10.1099/00207713-42-4-613
  9. Kim SH, An H, Wei CI, Visessanguan W, Benjakul S, Morrissey MT, Su YC, Pitta TP. Molecular Detection of a Histamine Former, Morganella morganii, in Albacore, Mackerel, Sardine, and a Processing Plant. J Food Sci 2003; 68(2): 453-457 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2003.tb05693.x
  10. Koneman EW, Allen SD, Janda WM, Winn WC Jr. The Enterobacteriaceae. In: Koneman EW, Allen SD, Janda WM, Schreckenberger PC, Winn WC Jr. Color Atlas and Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott- Raven. 1997; 213
  11. Lin MY, Cheng MC, Huang KJ, Tsai WC. Classification, pathogenicity, and drug susceptibility of hemolytic gramnegative bacteria isolated from sick or dead chickens. Avian Dis 1993; 37(1): 6-9 https://doi.org/10.2307/1591450
  12. Novak SS, Seigel RA. Gram-negative septicaemia in American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis). J Wildl Dis 1986; 22(4): 484-487
  13. O'Hara CM, Brenner FW, Miller JM. Classification, identification, and clinical significance of Proteus, Providencia, and Morganella. Clin Microbiol Rev 2000; 13: 534-546 https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.13.4.534-546.2000
  14. Okumoto M, Smolin G, Belfort R Jr, Kim J, Sivario CE. Proteus species isolated from human eyes. Am J Ophthalmol 1976; 81: 495-500
  15. Penner JL. Genus XIII Morganella In: Krieg NR, Holt JG. Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins. 1984; 497
  16. Roels S, Wattiau P, Fretin D, Butaye P, Vanopdenbosch E. Isolation of Morganella morganii from a domestic rabbit with bronchopneumonia. Vet Rec 2007; 161: 530-531
  17. Shine R, Harlow PS, Keogh JS, Boeadi. Commercial harvesting of giant lizards: The biology of water monitors Varanus salvator in southern Sumatra. Biol Conserv 1996; 77(2-3): 125-134 https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-3207(96)00008-0
  18. Shine R, Ambariyanto, Harlow PS, Mumpuni. Ecological traits of commercially harvested water monitors, Varanus salvator, in northern Sumatra. Wildlife Res 1998; 25(4): 437-447 https://doi.org/10.1071/WR97118
  19. Stock I, Wiedemann B. Identification and natural antibiotic susceptibility of Morganella morganii. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 1998; 30(3): 153-165 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0732-8893(97)00243-5
  20. Tanaka M, Takuma H, Kokumai N, Oishi E, Obi T, Hiramatsu K, Shimizu Y. Turkey rhinotracheitis virus isolated from broiler chicken with swollen head syndrome in Japan. J Vet Med Sci 1995; 57(5): 939-941
  21. Quinn PJ, Carter ME, Markey B, Carter GR. Enterobacteriaceae. In Quinn PJ, Carter ME, Markey B, Carter GR. Clinical Veterinary Microbiology. Madrid: Wolfe Publishing Co. 1994; 209-236