• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.169-173
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• 2006

The effects of aqueous extract and volatile substances of 2 Angelica plants on seed germination and seedling growth were investigated. The seed germination of Angelica gigas showed increase in proportion to increase in aqueous extract concentration of A. gigas, while that of Angelica acutiloba was reduced proportionally to the extract concentration. The seed germination of A. gigas and A. acutiloba treated with aqueous extract of A. acutiloba was inhibited. The seedling elongation of A. gigas and A. acutiloba was slightly increased at lower concentration of aqueous extract of A. gigas, whereas it was proportionally decreased at higher concentrations. The seedling elongation of 2 Angelica plants was decreased by the aqueous extract of A. acutiloba. The aqueous extract of A. acutiloba caused significant inhibition in seedling growth of 2 Angelica plants. The seed germination of Lactuca sativa was not affected by volatile substances emitted from 2 Angelica plants. The radicle elongation of L. sativa treated with volatile substances of 2 Angelica plants was inhibited slightly and it was not suppressed according to the concentration of volatile substances.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.37-42
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• 2012

Objectives : Angelica Gigantis Radix is prescribed as the root of different Angelica species on the pharmacopoeia in Korea, Japan and China. Chemical components and their biological activities were also different according to their species. A study for the development of simple method to compare Angelica roots was needed. In order to classify them, the methods such as DNA sequencing analysis and taste sensor were applied to three Angelica species like Angelica gigas, Angelica acutiloba and Angelica sinensis. Methods : PCR amplification of intergenic transcribed spacer (ITS) region was performed using ITS1 and ITS4 primer from nine Angelica roots, and then nucleotide sequence was determined. Taste pattern of samples were measured using the taste-sensing system SA402B equipped with a sensing unit, which consists of artificial lipid membrane sensor probes of anionic bitterness, astringency, saltiness, umami, and cationic bitterness (C00, AE1, CT0, AAE, and AN0, respectively). Results : As a result of comparing the similarity of the ITS region sequences, A. sinensis was discriminated from the others (A. gigas and A. acutiloba). Equally this genetic result, A. gigas and A. acutiloba showed similar taste pattern as compared to A. sinensis. Sourness, bitterness, aftertaste of bitterness, astringency, and aftertaste of astringency of A. sinensis were significantly high as compared with A. gigas and A. acutiloba. In contrast, richness was significantly low. Conclusions : These taste pattern can be used as a way of comparison of Angelica species and this technic could be applied to establish a taste pattern marker for standardization of herbs in various purposes.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.36 no.2 s.141
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• pp.141-144
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• 2005

Chinese crude drug 'Dang Gui' has been used mainly as a tonifying the blood, promoting blood circulation, relieving pain and moistening the bowels. To clarify the botanical origin of 'Dang Gui' from Korea, the anatomical characteristics of Angelica gigas, Angelica sinensis and Angelica acutiloba were studied. As a result, it was clarified that 'Dang Gui' from Korea was the root of Angelica gigas.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.161-167
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• 2002

Angelicae gigantis radix is the root of the perennial plant, which belongs to the family Umbelliferae. However, this herbal drug is represented quite different chemical components according to its different genus name, though other herbal drugs (i.e. Leonuri Herba, Xanthii Fructus and so on) show similar constituents on the same name. The root of Angelica gigas containing the coumarin compounds is commonly used in Korea, while Angelica sinensis and Angelica acutiloba including phthalide compounds are used in China and Japan, respectively as Angelicae gigantis radix. In this paper, a nearinfrared spectroscopic method was developed to determine genus name of Angelica spp., especially A. gigas and A. sinensis which are commonly misused in herbal markets. X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and electronic nose have been also applied as nondestructive methods to discriminate A. gigas from A. sinensis according to their specific properties.

• Plant Resources
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.27-31
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• 2005

This study was conducted to produce effectively more leaves of Angelica acutiloba through year-round production system by using various mulching materials. Soil temperature by covering treatment was the highest in P.E.(Polyethylene Film) mulching and followed by rice straw mulching, especially showing highest temperature in Tr. PE(Transparent Polyethylene Film) from April through May. Water content of soil was higher in P.E. mulching than in non-mulching. Leaf and stem production of Angelica acutiloba through year-round production showed the highest in PE mulching also root production of Angelica acutiloba showed the highest in P.E. mulching. These results suggest that leaf and stem production of Angelica acutiloba can be maximized through P.E. mulching cultivation system.

• Mycobiology
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.393-400
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• 2023

During a disease survey in October 2019, leaf spot symptoms with a yellow halo were observed on Korean angelica (Anglica gigas) plants grown in fields in Pyeongchang, Gangwon Province, Korea. Incidence of diseased leaves of the plants in the investigated fields ranged from 10% to 60%. Morphological and cultural characteristics of two single-spore isolates from the leaf lesions indicated that they belonged to the genus Didymella. Molecular phylogenetic analyses using combined sequences of LSU, ITS, TUB2, and RPB2 regions showed distinct clustering of the isolates from other Didymella species. In addition, the morphological and cultural characteristics of the isolates were somewhat different from those of closely related Didymella spp. Therefore, the novelty of the isolates was proved based on the investigations. Pathogenicity of the novel Didymella species isolates was confirmed on leaves of Korean angelica plants via artificial inoculation. This study reveals that Didymella gigantis sp. nov. causes leaf spot in Korean angelica.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.332-340
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• 2013

The aim of this study was to investigate the quality characteristics of makgeolli that was produced by using different percentages (control, 3%, 5%, 7%, 9% by rice weight) of Angelica gigas Nakai water extracts during fermentation at $25^{\circ}C$ for 7 days. Yeast cell count in makgeolli steadily increased and showed the highest value at day 4 of fermentation, since then, the count decreased consistently. The final alcohol contents were higher than 15% in all samples. Soluble contents and antioxidation activity were significantly increased in percentage as Angelica water extracts increased (p<0.05). As the amount of Angelica water extracts increased, total polyphenol contents increased as well. Soluble contents and total polyphenol contents were increased according to the fermentation period. Total acidity increased up to day 3, but slowly decreased afterwards. However, the pH rapidly decreased by day 3, but then increased steadily. Reducing sugar amount was increased sharply by day 2 of fermentation and then, diminished gradually. Hunter's color value was not significantly different among samples however, they were significantly different between day 2 samples of fermentation and day 3 or more samples (p<0.05). In sensory evaluations, the sample produced using 5% Angelica water extracts received the highest score in herbal flavor, herbal taste, sourness, sweetness, and overall acceptance. Makgeolli using Angelica gigas Nakai water extracts showed excellent characteristics in antioxidative activity and higher total polyphenol content. Makgeolli produced using 5% Angelica water extracts received the highest score in sensory evaluation. Therefore, makgeolli produced using 5% Angelica water extracts was considered to be the most suitable for manufacturing makgeolli.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.317-322
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• 2016

Background: In the herbal medicine market, Angelica gigas, Angelica sinensis, and Angelica acutiloba are all called "Danggui" and used confusingly. We aimed to assess the genetic diversity and relationships among 14 Angelica species collected from different global seed companies. Toward this aim we developed DNA markers to differentiate the Angelica species. Methods and Results: A total of 14 Angelica species, A. gigas, A. acutiloba, A. sinensis, A. pachycarpa, A. hendersonii, A. arguta, A. keiskei, A. atropurpurea, A. dahurica, A. genuflexa, A. tenuissima, A. archangelica, A. taiwaniana, and A. hispanica were collected. The genetic diversity of all 14 species was analyzed by using five chloroplast DNA-based simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and employing the DNA fragment analysis method. Each primer amplified 3 - 12 bands, with an average of 6.6 bands. Based on the genetic diversity analysis, these species were classified into specific species groups. The cluster dendrogram showed that the similarity coefficients ranged from 0.77 to 1.00. Conclusions: These findings could be used for further research on cultivar development by using molecular breeding techniques and for conservation of the genetic diversity of Angelica species. The analysis of polymorphic SSRs could provide an important experimental tool for examining a range of issues in plant genetics.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.172-176
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to develop a mass preparation method of (+)-decursinol from Angelica gigas roots. Recently; it has been shown that (+)-decursin, (+)-decursinol angelate and its analogues, isolated from Angelica gigas roots, exhibit various biological activities such as antitumor, antibacterial and neuroprotective activities. The contents of these compounds, ester form of (+)-decursinol, is very high in the Angelica gigas roots, whereas the content of (+)-decursinol itself is very low Therefore, (+)-decursinol which can be used as starting material to synthesize various its analogues was easily prepared from decursin analogues in the Angelica gigas roots. In order to achieve such aim, the Ether-Fr. of the ethanol exact of Angelica gigas roots was hydrolysed with various alkalis and solvents. As a result, the order of (+)-decursinol preparation was 1) NaOH, KOH, 2) $K_2CO_3$, and 3) $NaHCO_3$ as alkali. Also, the yield of (+)-decursinol was higher in diethyl ether than any other solvent conditions. From 1 kg of dried Angelica gigas roots, we could obtain 27.4 g of (+)-decursinol as a pure white solid.

• Food Engineering Progress
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.44-49
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• 2009

Angelicae gigantis Radix (dried root of Angelica gigas) including major bioactives such as decursin and decursinol angelate provides rich flavors and several healthy benefits. Recent studies have shown that ultrafine powders of herbal medicines provide better physical properties and biological activities. Thus, ultrafine Angelica powder was added into the oligosaccharide syrup to provide flavors and healthy benefits in this study. Angelicae gigantis Radix was pulverized into d(0.1) = 3.220, d(0.5) = 7.822, and d(0.9) = 7.817 $\mu$m respectively using an air-flow mill. The ultrafine Angelica powder was added into the oligosaccharide syrup process with different ratios of water to oligosaccharide syrup at 1:5, 1:8, 1:11, and 1:14. The physicochemical properties such as viscosity and bulk density were measured. The Stokes' law was applied to predict the sedimentation velocity of the added Angelica powder in the syrup. The Angelica syrup prepared in this experiment showed good stability since the Angelica particles precipitated down slowly. The ratio of water to oligosaccharide syrup at 1:11 showed the optimal preparation in terms of the stability and the viscosity. The ultrafine-sized herbal powders such as Angelicae gigantis Radix have potentials for various food and pharmaceutical applications.