• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.14-25
• /
• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate inhibitory effect on the maturation of dendritic cells from aqueous extract from Nardostachys Jatamansi(NJ). Methods: I examined the phenotypic maturation(class II MHC, CD40, CD86), expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine(TNF-$\alpha$, IL-6, IL-12) and endocytosis of FITC-Dextran in the LPS-induced bone marrow-derived dendritic cells(BMDCs) of mice. Furthermore, the Western-blot analysis reveals the mechanism of inhibitory effect. Results: 1. The NJ extract inhibited the phenotypic maturation of BMDCs in a dose-dependent manner. 2. The NJ extract inhibited the LPS induced cytokine production of BMDCs in a dose-dependent manner. 3. The NJ extract enhanced the endocytosis of Dex-FITC in LPS treated DC. 4. The NJ extract inhibited the activation of JNK and p38 phosphorylation, but not ERK phosphorylation of MAPK family and doesn't inhibit Ik-Ba degradation in LPS-stimulated BMDCs. Conclusion: These results suggest that NJ extract is able to attenuate the inflammation and maturation in BMDCs and may inhibit proliferation of T cells. In conclusion, this experiment suggests that NJ extract may be useful in hypersensitivity disease including autoimmune disease.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.21-37
• /
• 2017

Objective: The current study aimed at examining the mediation effects of children's self-esteem and self-control in learning between perceived academic achievement at $4^{th}$ grade and $6^{th}$ grade. This article proposes that perceived academic achievement boosts self-esteem and self-control in learning and both in turn, influence subsequent perceived academic achievement. We especially attempted to empirically prove that a serial multiple mediation of self-esteem and self-control in learning between the perceived academic achievement at two time points exists. Methods: We analyzed the longitudinal data of 1,881 children from the $4^{th}$ to the $6^{th}$ wave data of the '2010 Korea Children and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS)' by means of a Hayes's PROCESS(2012) program. Results: The results revealed that perceived academic achievement at $4^{th}$ grade influenced children's self-esteem and self-control in learning at $5^{th}$ grade. Children' self-esteem and self-control in learning subsequently predicted perceived academic achievement at $6^{th}$ grade. Children's self-esteem significantly predicted self-control in learning supporting the hypothesis of serial multiple mediation. Conclusion/Implications: In conclusion, children's self-esteem and self-control in learning behaviors both mediated the association between perceived academic achievement at $4^{th}$ grade and at $6^{th}$ grade. The findings imply the importance of consideration of both psychosocial and behavioral aspects in understanding the academic performance during childhood.

• International Commerce and Information Review
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.29-55
• /
• 2015

The purpose of this study is to look at the role of e-trade for trade facilitation, which was the conclusion of November 27, 2014 which is based on the main discussions and content of the WTO. This study examines the data collected based on previous research and literature data, and it proposed a policy direction using it. Trade facilitation agreement also contains a number of e-Trade related information and internet-based electronic documents can be sent very quick flow of information and it can save time and cost concerning parties. e-Trade is a very important basement and it is needed to continually develop and exchange for trade facilitation. To make easy trade facilitation, e-Trade is one of the means to achieve competitiveness of companies and countries under these circumstances. The conclusion of this study shows that it is necessary to steadily develop e-trade technologies for trade facilitation and to continuously exchange e-trade system for easy customs services in concerining countries to maximize these effects.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.189-208
• /
• 1999

This is a study of view of college life on 1002 students in the dept. of the dental laboratory technology of 8 colleges in the country. Made a question survey on conclusion of college life, such as purpose of entering college and satisfaction, college life and sense of values and relationship to professors and analysed it through statistics. 1. Purpose of entering college and satisfaction of college. Most students motive to enter college was a preparatory step for future job as 73.3% of reponse rate. The dissatisfaction of college after entering was 42.5%, students of the metropolitan area showed 47.1%(p<.01) of response rate and college woman showed 48.2%(p<.05) of response rate. As for the datils of dissatisfaction of college than expected, the absence of romanticism and academic atmosphere was 38.1% and poor practice(facilities) was 32.4%. the students of the metropolitan area showed rater high rate(p<0.1) and sophomore students showed high rate(p<.05) as 40.6% 2. College Life and sense of values. Students showed the greatest interest in employment(27.0%) during attending and in deciding future plan(26.9%) after graduation. They responded a desirable attitude as a college students was a active and autonomous attitude as 34.0%. The best image of a college student was a student helping his/her peers with deep interest as 65.5%. The greatest trouble in college life was still future plan(27.7%). 3. Relationship to professors. Most responded they did not have professors to consult in the department as 72.4%. As a reason for this, insufficient oppartunity to talk with professors was the highest as 29.8%. They wanted any professor with much interest in employment of students as the best image of a professor(40.7%) and wanted to come into close relation with professors(30.9%).

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• v.77 no.3
• /
• pp.116-123
• /
• 2014

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) obtained from bone marrow or adipose tissue can successfully repair emphysematous animal lungs, which is a characteristic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Here, we describe the cellular distribution of MSCs that were intravenously injected into mice with elastase-induced emphysema. The distributions were also compared to the distributions in control mice without emphysema. Methods: We used fluorescence optical imaging with quantum dots (QDs) to track intravenously injected MSCs. In addition, we used a human Alu sequence-based real-time polymerase chain reaction method to assess the lungs, liver, kidney, and spleen in mice with elastase-induced emphysema and control mice at 1, 4, 24, 72, and 168 hours after MSCs injection. Results: The injected MSCs were detected with QD fluorescence at 1- and 4-hour postinjection, and the human Alu sequence was detected at 1-, 4- and 24-hour postinjection in control mice (lungs only). Injected MSCs remained more in mice with elastase-induced emphysema at 1, 4, and 24 hours after MSCs injection than the control lungs without emphysema. Conclusion: In conclusion, our results show that injected MSCs were observed at 1 and 4 hours post injection and more MSCs remain in lungs with emphysema.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.115-118
• /
• 2007

Purpose: It is even less common traumatic pseudoaneurysm of the superficial temporal artery and rare with fewer than 200 cases reported in the recent literature. Most common causes of traumatic pseudoaneurysm is sequelae of blunt, penetrating, or iatrogenic surgical trauma. The diagnosis is based on physical findings and can be confirmed by duplex ultrasonogram, computed tomography, and angiography. Surgical resection, percutaneous embolization and conservative treatment have all been used to treat pseudoaneurysm. However recently, non invasive technique like percutaneous thrombin injection under ultrasonographic guidance has been done rather than surgical ligation. In this report, we proposed the several treatment options such as conservative treatment, thrombin injection, and surgical ligation according to the multifarous conditions of pseudoaneurysm, patient, and causes. Methods: We describe two cases of traumatic pseudoaneurysm of superficial temporal artery in which CT angiography was effective in diagnosis and characterization. One is chronic pseudoaneurysm after traffic accident, which is fusiform shape and small size. Since the patient prefered it, we proposed percutaneous thrombin injection first. But we recognize that this method failed, we used surgical ligation according to information of CT angiographic findings. The other is acute pseudoaneurysm after blunt trauma, which is large size accompanying large hematoma. So we proposed compressive dressing and aspiration of hematoma. Results: Two cases were well treated with no recurrence or complication. Conclusion: In conclusion, when selecting a treatment options, followings should be considered: pseudoaneurysm in CT angiography, chronicity, cause, and patient's preference.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.1-33
• /
• 1992

In order to observe clinical effect of Gamikeguntang(加味柱芎湯) and Gamikuyibitang(加味歸脾湯), I reached following conclusion through the clinical pathology and physicohemical investigation, The following results were obtained. 1) The amplirude on AVL lead which is observed in ECG was increased significantly both in medication group of Gamikegungtang (加味柱芎湯) and of Gamikegungtang(加味歸脾湯). 2) In Hematology, the values of RBC, Hb and Hct are totally increased in the medication group of Gamikuyibitang(加味歸脾湯). 3) In serum Lipid, Total cholesterol and Tryglyceride are significantly decreased and HDL-cholesteral is significantly increased both in medication group of Gamikegungtang(加味柱芎湯) and Gamikuyibitang(加味歸脾湯). Especiay, HDL-cholesterol is remarkably increased in the medication group of Gamikegungtang(加味柱芎湯). 4) The serum Bile acid is remarkably decreased in the medication group of Gamikegungtang(加味柱芎湯), but is not in the medication group of Gamikuyibitang(加味歸脾湯). 5) The value of Cardiac enzyme is remarkably decreased both in the medication group of Gamikegungtang(加味柱芎湯) and Gamikuyibitnag(加味歸脾湯). especially, in the group of Gamikuybitang(加味歸脾湯). 6) In determination of LDH isoenzyme, $LD_4$ is remarkably decreased in the medication group of Gamikegungtang(加味柱芎湯) and $LD_1\;LD_2$ are remarkably decreased in the medication group of Gamikuyibitang(加味歸脾湯). In view of the result so far achieved, I knew that Gamikegungtang(加味柱芎湯) had an indirect effect on Palpitation which is called mental disorder by means of treatment of liver and gall bladder disease, and that Gamiluyibitang(加味歸脾湯) make increase activation of heart whose blood is deficient( 心血不足). In conclusion, I think that we need comparative studies between the main prescription of Kegungtang(柱芎湯). Kuyibitnag(歸脾湯) and the additional prescription of them from now on.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
• /
• v.10 no.10
• /
• pp.45-51
• /
• 2019

Purpose - The purpose of this study was to propose a win-win development plan for not only suppliers of delivery applications but also traditional market vendor companies and delivery riders by analyzing existing delivery models and presenting a new delivery model to enhance competitiveness of the traditional market using delivery apps. Research desgin, data, and methodology - Specifically, small retailers, such as traditional markets and supermarkets, presented a compromised delivery model that utilizes the platform of specialized delivery app service providers for order reception, and that the delivery is delivered by delivery systems jointly hired by Vendor companies, such as franchising companies. To validate the significance of the trade-off delivery model, a cost-benefit analysis was conducted by those involved in the delivery application. Results - From the perspective of suppliers of specialized delivery applications, it is analyzed that the use of specialized delivery applications in traditional markets will be a new market opportunity for service providers to achieve increased sales. It is expected that consumer choice and satisfaction will be increased as convenience and accessibility of traditional market businesses that were available only through direct visit from the user side of the delivery application will be expanded. From the standpoint of delivery application franchises, it is analyzed that they can seek to increase sales and increase customer service as well as ease labor cost burden due to joint employment of delivery riders. The delivery rider will be able to seek to improve customer service due to job security, wage stability, risk reduction and overheated competition due to direct employment. Conclusion - In conclusion, the compromised delivery model solved the problems raised in the preceding study conducted on delivery application suppliers, users, franchises, and riders to establish that it could be a strategic alternative to increasing sales and expanding detailed rights for the self-employed in the traditional market, which are experiencing difficulties in management. However, the adoption of a compromise delivery model requires social consensus from those involved in the delivery application and requires legal, institutional and policy support, which will require continued follow-up research on the delivery model in the future.

• Animal Bioscience
• /
• v.34 no.11
• /
• pp.1829-1838
• /
• 2021

Objective: The effects of maternal dietary energy levels on breast muscle fibre development in offspring of broiler breeders were investigated. Methods: A total of 480 20-week-old Arbor Acres (AA) healthy female broiler breeders, with an average body weight of 2.33±0.01 kg, were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups with 6 replicates and 20 broiler breeders for each replicate and fed a corn and soybean meal diet with 100%, 80%, 70%, and 50% energy levels, respectively. Approximately 300 eggs per treatment were collected for incubation for 6 days. Then, 120 0-day-old female broilers at each energy level were randomly selected and divided into 6 replicates with 20 broilers for each replicate, with this experimental phase with the offspring lasting for 49 days. Results: Compared with the 100% energy group, the breast muscle fibre diameter at embryonic day 21 in the 80% energy group was significantly reduced (p<0.05). In the 80% energy group, the muscle fibre density of the breast increased significantly (p<0.05) at embryonic days 15 and 21. The breast muscle fibre diameter of the offspring in each group was significantly decreased (p<0.05) on the 1st day. The breast muscle sarcomere length of the embryos in the 80% energy group was significantly higher (p<0.05) than those in the 70% and 50% energy groups. Compared with the 100% energy group, the expression of the myostatin gene in the offspring was significantly decreased (p<0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, the effects of a maternal dietary energy level of 80% in this study were found to be optimal for breast muscle fibre development in offspring, which indicated that the metabolic energy level of AA broilers of 9.36 MJ/kg for the mid-term diet for laying eggs has a more practical significance.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.167-174
• /
• 2019

It is a descriptive study for the relationship between appearance management behaviors and mental health of some female college students. We analyzes 433 self-administered questionnaires from March to June 2017 for female students who enrolled in three-year colleges in Seoul and Gyeonggi province, South Korea. The conclusion is as follows. We used IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0(SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) for the analysis by person's characteristics, t-test and one way ANOVA, multiple regression analyses. The second-year grade shows higher points than the first-year grade in appearance management behaviors and mental health level(p<0.001, p<0.05). In addition, when students has the higher level of the household as the humanities students, they have higher level of mental health level(p<0.001). The most influential factors affecting the mental health level of female college students are domestic economic level and cosmetic management behavioral factors. The level of mental health was higher in the middle and upper group of the domestic economic level. When they do more cosmetic management behavior, they have lower the mental health level. In conclusion, it is deemed necessary for students to attend intensive and sufficient counseling with an academic advisor. The continuous attention through school counseling management services depending on grade, domestic economy level, and cosmetic management behavior is necessary in order to enhance the level of mental health for female students. In addition to that, the college needs to develop individual customized psychology counseling and educational programs through U-mental healthcare service in order to lessen the great pressure of sensitive information and provide mental consultation. The college needs to consider students' characteristics and needs from the results of this study. It is considered that a smart mental healthcare program will be needed to identify mental health of the individual through the systematic approach.