• 아동학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.149-168
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• 2012

This study explored the effects of maternal ambivalence over emotional expressiveness (AEE) and mother-adolescent communication on adolescent depression (depressed affect, positive affect, somatic symptoms and activity inhibition, interpersonal difficulties). Data were taken from 233 middle school students (128 boys, 105 girls) and their mothers. Regression analyses showed varying gender differences in the relationships among these variables. Boys with high maternal AEE had lower positive affect, and higher depressive affect, somatic symptoms and activity inhibition, and interpersonal difficulties, whereas girls' moods were not influenced by maternal AEE. In addition, boys with problems in mother-dolescent communication exhibited lower positive affect, higher depressed affect and interpersonal difficulties, but open communication was not related to any depressive symptoms. The mother-adolescent communication type did not appear to be associated with depression in girls either. Both boys and girls both had less open communication and more problem communication with mothers experiencing high AEE. Problem communication with mothers partially mediated the relationship between maternal AEE and interpersonal difficulties in boys only. Examination of maternal ambivalence over emotional expressiveness provides a deeper context for our understanding of negative family communication patterns and the psychological consequences, especially in mother-adolescent boy dyads.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.635-642
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• 2007

Using data from 132 telephone interviewees, we examined the role of affective-cognitive ambivalence in forming overall attitude and behavior toward toxic chemical and radioactive waste issues in Marion, Ohio in the U.S. In order to compare attitudinal preference, participants were divided into four A-C groups: action-group (Affective+/Cognitive+), detached-group (A-/C+), concerned-group (A+/C-), and inaction-group (A-/C-). Affective and cognitive components interacted, producing redundant influences on overall attitudes and judgments as frequently observed and postulated in previous attitude studies. The results showed that the action-group who were feeling unsafe and believed that environmental accidents had happened or are happening in Marion were less willing to move to the area than other three groups who were feeling safe and/or doubted reports of contamination and its relation with leukemia. Affective and cognitive components were found to have redundant influences on overall attitude. It was also observed that affective-cognitive ambivalence theory has a great potential for explaining the mechanism by which people form attitudes, especially when people have moderate or positive feelings (e.g. sympathy or eagerness for resources) toward the objects and/or when uncertainty is a major feature of environmental issue under consideration (e.g. global climate change).

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.17-30
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• 2018

This study discusses the ambivalence and ambiguity in the relationship between the women's body and fashion drawings in respect to post-feminism perspectives. Deconstructivist post-feminists, perceiving the body as a passive subject, asserted that women internalize the male gaze by becoming the object of male desire, then manipulate the body to conform to that ideal. In this perspective, corsets assumed the role of the tool for forcing women's body to be obedient, restraining and suppressing the body. On the other hand, in the essentialist post-feminist perspective, which regards the women's body as an active object, insists that fashion, in its essence, is not necessarily about sex, nor is it devised to attract the male gaze. In such a viewpoint, the women's body functions as a vehicle for empowerment; by wearing corset women gain power and embraces the cultural norms of dominant beauty. As investigated in this study, the corset is both a tool for oppressing the women's body, as well as a vehicle for the voluntary expression of femininity. This ambivalence in the perception of the corset in the post-feminist theory represents the double-sided perspective in fashion as being both a subordinate construction and a powerful tool for self-expression.

• 한국가족관계학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.239-256
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this research is to develop an intergenerational ambivalence scale which can measure the intergenerational relationship between middle-aged married couples and their mothers/mother-in-law. Method: The initial items were selected by reviewing the previous research and literature. To test validity and reliability, 222 middle-aged married couples who were residing in Seoul or the Gyeonggi area were selected. Results: The results of the research are as follows: 1) the scale was the total of 26 items consisting of two sub-factors of 14 positives and 12 negatives from the analysis of content validity, construct validity, and convergent validity, 2) the reliability of Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ were from .90 to .94 which showed a high degree of internal consistency. Conclusions: The intergenerational ambivalence scale developed is expected to serve as a useful tool for those who study the intergenerational relationship and work on the ground to measure people's intergenerational dynamics.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.328-335
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• 2008

The objective of this study was to evaluate the causal relationships among environmental belief, ambivalence, subjective norm, attitude and meat consumption behavior. A total of 318 questionnaires were completed. A structural equation model was employed to assess the causal effects of constructs. The results of the study demonstrated that the structural analysis results for the data also indicated excellent model fit. The effects of environmental belief, ambivalence, and subjective norm on attitude were statistically significant. The effects of environmental belief, subjective norm and attitude on meat consumption were statistically significant. The effects of attitude on intention were statistically significant. As had been expected, intention exerted a significant effect on meat consumption. Moreover, environmental belief and ambivalence exerted significant indirect effects on meat consumption through attitude. Subjective norm exerted a significant indirect effect on meat consumption through attitude and intention. Subjective norm also exerted a significant indirect effect on intention through attitude. In developing and testing conceptual models which integrate the relationship among behavioral belief, attitude variable, behavioral intention and meat consumption, this study may approach a deeper understanding of the complex relationship among meat consumption behavior-related variables. Greater understanding of the complex relationship among meat consumption behavior-related variables can improve the practical or managerial diagnosis of the problem and opportunities for different marketing strategies including meat production and meat product development and marketing communication.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.35-52
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to compare college students' emoticon use for positive behavior and to analyze the impact of the factors. This study is consisted of 66 questions based on Social demographic characteristics, personality characteristics factors and both scales of emotional expression. The operational test was administered to 340 college students. In an effort to calibrate emoticon use of positive behavior, the results displayed significance differences depending on the gender and grade of the students. Women used more emoticons than men, and freshman used more emoticons than any other year of students. Women used more emoticons such as texts, images, and flash more than men. Students in their freshman year were shown to use more emoticons than students in other grade levels. Emotional expression was strongly related man with personality traits of integrity. Personality traits of sensitivity, openness, intimacy, and sincerity had a significant influence on the emotional expression. An emoticon is, therefore, be a useful tool to express their emotions. Male and female students with higher levels of congeniality had expressed more emotions that were self-defence ambivalent and concerned-relation ambivalent. However, in the case of the female students, those with higher levels of self-defence ambivalent emotional expressiveness had a lower usage of positive emoticons, while male students with higher levels of self-defence emotional expressiveness used more positive emoticons. Higher levels of congeniality among groups that use mobile emoticons with their parents, whether the frequency of use was high or low, were associated with higher levels of self-defence ambivalence and concerned-relation ambivalence. Those with higher levels of sincerity had low levels of self-defence ambivalence and concerned-relation ambivalence, and those with higher levels of concerned-relation ambivalence had higher levels of positive emoticon usage.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.161-168
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• 2018

본 연구는 내현적 자기애가 정서인식 명확성과 정서표현 양가성을 매개로 우울에 미치는 영향을 검증하였다. 이를 위해 중부권에 거주하고 있는 대학생 343명을 대상으로 내현적 자기애 척도(CNS), 우울척도(BDI), 특질-상위 기분 척도(TMMS), 정서표현 양가성 척도(AEQ-K)를 사용하여 설문을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 첫째, 내현적 자기애는 정서인식 명확성과 부적 상관을, 정서표현 양가성, 우울과는 정적 상관을 보였다. 둘째, 내현적 자기애가 우울에 영향을 미치는 과정에서 정서인식 명확성과 정서표현 양가성이 이를 완전매개 하였다. 셋째, 내현적 자기애가 우울에 미치는 영향에서 정서인식 명확성과 정서표현 양가성의 간접효과는 유의미하였다. 이러한 연구 결과는 내현적 자기애 성향을 가지고 있는 대학생이 우울해 하는데 있어 정서인식 명확성과 정서표현 양가성이 영향을 미치는 변인임을 시사한다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 내현적 자기애성향의 대학생을 위한 효율적인 상담 개입방법과 연구의 시사점과 제한점, 추후연구를 위한 제언들에 대해 논의하였다.

• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.525-549
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• 2020

여성에 대한 태도가 양가적인 속성(적대적인 태도와 온정적인 태도)을 지니는 것처럼, 남성에 대한 태도도 양가적인 속성을 보이는 것으로 알려져 있다. 최근 한국 사회에서 여성혐오대 남성혐오로 인한 성별 갈등이 심화되고 있지만, 대부분의 국내 연구들은 여성에 대한 태도에만 초점을 맞추고 있어, 남성에 대한 양가적 태도를 측정하는 국내 척도가 부재한 실정이다. 이에, 본 연구에서는 미국에서 개발되어 사용되고 있는 '남성에 대한 양가적 태도 척도'(The Ambivalence toward Men Inventory: AMI)를 한국어로 번안 및 타당화하였다. 이를 위해, 연구 표본 1(대학생 183명), 연구 표본 2(대학생 300명), 연구 표본 3(성인 317명)을 대상으로 탐색적 및 확인적 요인 분석을 실시하였고, 그 결과, 2개의 하위요인(남성에 대한 적대적인 태도, 남성에 대한 온정적인 태도), 16문항이 적절한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 수렴타당도와 준거타당도를 확인한 결과, 한국어판 남성에 대한 양가적 태도 척도(The Korean Version of the Ambivalence toward Men Inventory: K-AMI)는 한국인에게 사용하기에 타당한 도구로 확인되었다. K-AMI의 내적합치도도 .830~.917로 양호한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권11호
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• pp.748-760
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• 2021

본 연구는 직장인의 정서표현신념이 전문적 도움추구 태도에 미치는 영향에서 정서표현 양가성과 심리적 유연성의 이중매개효과를 검증하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여, 19세 이상의 직장인 346명(남 176명, 여 170명)을 대상으로 연구를 진행하였다. 연구참여자들에게 정서표현신념, 정서표현 양가성, 심리적 유연성, 전문적 도움추구 태도를 측정하는 설문을 실시한 뒤 SPSS와 Macro를 활용하여 분석을 실시하였다. 주요 결과를 요약하면, 첫째, 정서표현신념, 정서표현 양가성, 심리적 유연성, 전문적 도움추구 태도 간에 유의미한 상관이 나타났다. 둘째, 정서표현신념과 전문적 도움추구 태도의 관계에서 심리적 유연성의 매개역할은 유의미하였고, 정서표현 양가성의 매개효과는 유의미하지 않았다, 셋째, 정서표현신념이 정서표현 양가성과 심리적 유연성을 거쳐 전문적 도움추구 태도로 이어지는 이중매개효과가 유의하였다. 이를 통해 직장인의 전문적 도움추구 태도 형성 과정을 이해하고 이들의 도움추구를 도울 수 있는 개입방안을 모색하고자 한다.

• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.321-341
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• 2011

본 연구는 운전자가 면대면 상황에서보다 익명상황에서 난폭운전을 더 많이 하는지와 익명상황에서 난폭운전을 많이 하는 운전자와 적게 하는 운전자 사이에 운전분노, 정서표현갈등 등의 내적 특성에서 어떤 차이가 있는지 살펴보았다. 연구 1에서 운전자 총 200명을 대상으로 조사를 실시한 결과, 면대면 상황에서보다 익명상황에서 난폭운전 수준이 더 높았다. 이어, 연구 2에서 운전자 총 384명을 대상으로 조사를 실시하였는데 익명상황의 난폭운전에 대해 이단계 군집분석을 실시한 결과, 응답자는 세 군집으로 나뉘어졌다. 익명상황에서 난폭운전을 많이 하는 운전자일수록 운전분노, 정서표현갈등 전체, 정서표현갈등의 하위 요인 중 자기방어적 양가성 요인의 수준이 높았다. 따라서 익명상황에서 난폭운전을 많이 하는 운전자가 운전분노를 많이 느끼며, 평소 정서를 잘 표현하지 못하고 갈등을 하는 경향이 있다고 볼 수 있다. 본 연구 결과는 난폭운전자에게 무조건적인 교통단속만을 행하기보다는 운전자 본인이 가진 문제점을 되돌아 볼 수 있게 하는 근본적인 대책 또한 필요하다는 것을 말해준다.