• 환경영향평가
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.164-174
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• 2024

최근 국내에서도 많은 해상풍력발전 사업계획과 환경영향평가가 이루어지고 있다. 하지만 육상풍력발전과는 다른 특성을 가지고 있음에도 불구하고 이에 적합한 대안설정 및 평가 방법이 부족한 실정이다. 이에 따라 본 연구는 해외의 가이드라인 및 사례 분석을 통해 국내 실정에 적합한 대안설정 및 평가 방법에 대한 시사점을 도출하고자 하였다. 분석의 결과를 통해 해상풍력발전 대안설정 및 평가 방법의 프로세스를 살펴볼 수 있었으며 이를 통한 세부적인 고려사항 및 방법론을 알 수 있었다. 아직 해외에서도 대안설정 및 평가에 관한 방법론이 명확하지 않고 육상풍력발전에 사용하던 방법론을 개량하고 발전시켜 사용하고 있었다. 국내에도 이러한 해상풍력사업의 대안설정 및 평가를 위한 체계마련이 필요하며 합리적이고 효율적으로 수행하기 위해서 다양한 분야에서의 연구가 필요하다. 국내 해상풍력발전사업의 성공적인 추진을 위해서는 해외 사례에서 도출된 시사점을 반영한 관련 연구의 촉진과 함께, 환경적, 사회적 수용성을 높이기 위한 지속적인 노력이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한교통학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한교통학회 1995년도 제27회 학술발표회
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• pp.3-32
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• 1995

The Highway Capacity Manual specifies procedures for evaluating intersection performance in terms of delay per vehicle. What is lacking in the current methodology is a comparable quantitative procedure for ass~ssing the safety-based level of service provided to motorists. The objective of the research described herein was to develop a computational procedure for evaluating the safety-based level of service of signalized intersections based on the relative hazard of alternative intersection designs and signal timing plans. Conflict opportunity models were developed for those crossing, diverging, and stopping maneuvers which are associated with left-turn and rear-end accidents. Safety¬based level-of-service criteria were then developed based on the distribution of conflict opportunities computed from the developed models. A case study evaluation of the level of service analysis methodology revealed that the developed safety-based criteria were not as sensitive to changes in prevailing traffic, roadway, and signal timing conditions as the traditional delay-based measure. However, the methodology did permit a quantitative assessment of the trade-off between delay reduction and safety improvement. The Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) specifies procedures for evaluating intersection performance in terms of a wide variety of prevailing conditions such as traffic composition, intersection geometry, traffic volumes, and signal timing (1). At the present time, however, performance is only measured in terms of delay per vehicle. This is a parameter which is widely accepted as a meaningful and useful indicator of the efficiency with which an intersection is serving traffic needs. What is lacking in the current methodology is a comparable quantitative procedure for assessing the safety-based level of service provided to motorists. For example, it is well¬known that the change from permissive to protected left-turn phasing can reduce left-turn accident frequency. However, the HCM only permits a quantitative assessment of the impact of this alternative phasing arrangement on vehicle delay. It is left to the engineer or planner to subjectively judge the level of safety benefits, and to evaluate the trade-off between the efficiency and safety consequences of the alternative phasing plans. Numerous examples of other geometric design and signal timing improvements could also be given. At present, the principal methods available to the practitioner for evaluating the relative safety at signalized intersections are: a) the application of engineering judgement, b) accident analyses, and c) traffic conflicts analysis. Reliance on engineering judgement has obvious limitations, especially when placed in the context of the elaborate HCM procedures for calculating delay. Accident analyses generally require some type of before-after comparison, either for the case study intersection or for a large set of similar intersections. In e.ither situation, there are problems associated with compensating for regression-to-the-mean phenomena (2), as well as obtaining an adequate sample size. Research has also pointed to potential bias caused by the way in which exposure to accidents is measured (3, 4). Because of the problems associated with traditional accident analyses, some have promoted the use of tqe traffic conflicts technique (5). However, this procedure also has shortcomings in that it.requires extensive field data collection and trained observers to identify the different types of conflicts occurring in the field. The objective of the research described herein was to develop a computational procedure for evaluating the safety-based level of service of signalized intersections that would be compatible and consistent with that presently found in the HCM for evaluating efficiency-based level of service as measured by delay per vehicle (6). The intent was not to develop a new set of accident prediction models, but to design a methodology to quantitatively predict the relative hazard of alternative intersection designs and signal timing plans.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.119-127
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• 2011

The aging population has been increasing in Korea so that it is difficult for people to understand the change of the future society. This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of preliminary retiree's alternative housing preference by providing an accurate information about residential current issues and the seriousness brought by the aging society. It explained the visual information about the aspect of the residential change due to the aging society to 104 preliminary retirees who live in the apartment in Seoul. It surveyed the characteristics of the alternative housing preference following 4 situations of the Old age type(couple/healthy, couple/ill, single/healthy, single/ill). It analyzed the difference of housing preference before and after providing information. The results are as follows: First, a previous apartment is not enough to prepare the aging society and UIBS(unit insertion building system) for the elderly was expected to be a great help to the frail after 2026. Second, the preference of UIBS was increased after providing information of the aging society. Third, in the case of the illness, a big city with medical facilities was preferred not to move in the suburb. Fourth, after providing information, a small size of apartment was preferred but the preferred change of housing ownership was not founded. Last, there was considerable difference before and after providing information under 4 situation of Old age type. These results showed the feasibility of coping with more accurate future society only if a survey should be taken with providing sufficient information about the aging society.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.48-63
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• 2008

This research is to apply suitable natural ecosystem evaluation criteria in order to develop the ecosystem conservation, restoration and ways to build substitute habitats as a compensation plan for damaged soundly natural ecosystems in small-scale projects such as resource recovery facility, filtration, etc. The environmental ecology evaluation i.e. generally based on their actual vegetation, community structure, wildlife, water system survey were measured the primary plans for reflecting unique natural environment level of site. As a result, it is necessary to conserve the land in fallow type of wetland, good conservative condition of deciduous forest, wetlanded watercourse for amphibia and reptiles crossing. However, the plan of filtration plant was destroyed wetland(sound ecosystem), natural forest, asian toad spawning area. According to the result of it schemed to build alternative wetland and spawning area, plan to healthy ecosystem and surface soil transplantation as compensation plan. The alternative wetland and spawning area are not only created a various water levels like depth of water is $0{\sim}30cm,\;30{\sim}60cm$, more than 1.5m but also it leads to asian toad spawning and wildlife inhabitant. Moreover, the ecosystem and surface soil transplantation be applied to use the Quercus acutissima forest resources(114 upper trees, 71 canopy trees, 401 shrubs) and surface soil$(5,072m^3)$ in ecology creation sets.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.135-157
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• 2022

Religion has a very close relationship with our everyday lives. In particular, religion maintains an absolute and ultimate value system and is deeply associated with all sectors of society such as politics, economy, thought, arts, culture, and science. The original meaning of religion in Buddhism means the teachings that become fundamentals. There are numerous religions around the world, and each religion has its own object of faith, different system, and unique rites and lifestyles. Therefore, evaluating or denouncing other regions based on the doctrines or conventions of a specific religion can lead to conflicts and disputes. The Buddhist Vinaya Pitaka related to alternative dispute resolution (ADR) is a method regarding the operation of a community. Vinaya Pitaka contains Buddha's teachings about individual and organizational ethics and on community life and activities. It is the Buddhist dispute resolution (BDR) of the Vinayata Pitaka that contains knowledge on howto remedy disputes among the four types of disputes that can occur. Vinaya Pitaka contains the principles and systems of BDR, and it is sufficient background for succeeding in the development of harmony today. The messages of laws, ethics, and Buddhist teachings are clear in these characteristics. The systems, progress, and procedures for various rites, events, and disputes as well as for everyday life, etc. display a rational operating system through karma. In particular, when disputes occur, the cause of the dispute is resolved as much as possible through transparent fairness and being unanimous using the seven remedies for disputes. Buddhist priests pursue private autonomy of ADR through karma, repentance, acceptance, etc. to maintain and continue the integrated functions of Buddhist priest harmony.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.571-595
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• 2022

본 연구는 신규 발전기 진입에 따라 기존사업자들이 차단기를 교체해야 하는 경우 발생하는 교체비용 분담을 이론적으로 분석한다. 협조게임이론의 비용배분 문제에 널리 쓰이는 순차적 균등기여규칙을 비용배분 규칙으로 채택하고 몇 가지 기준에 따라 다양한 비용배분 안을 도출한 후 각 대안이 바람직한 여러 공리들을 얼마나 충족시키는지 조사한다. 분석에 따르면 (i) 신규사업자의 비용, 잔존가치, 망운영자를 제외하는 안과 (ii) 신규사업자의 비용과 잔존가치는 제외하고 망운영자는 포함하는 안이 다른 안들에 비해 상대적으로 우수한 것으로 나타난다. 또한 현실적 요인을 고려하여 현실성이 높은 배분안을 찾고 그 공리적 특성을 분석한다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제38권8호
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• pp.631-643
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• 2005

신설될 복합화력발전소 취수펌프장 계획안에 대하여 수치 및 수리모형실험을 수행하고 순환수취수펌프운영에 문제를 발생시킬 가능성이 발견되면 개선안을 도출하는 것이 본 연구의 목적이다. 수리모형은 1:20의 크기로 아크릴을 이용하여 제작되었고 2차원 수치모형실험은 RMA2모형을 이용하였다. 수리 및 수치모형실험의 결과를 평가하기 위하여 취수로 및 취수펌프장내 흐름에 대한 평가기준을 설정하였다. 복합화력발전소 취수펌프장의 계획안에 대한 2차원 수치모형실험을 통하여 얻어진 연직방향 와도를 수리모형실험결과와 비교하여 흐름평가기준의 하나인 와류발생 가능성을 평가하였다. 계획안은 취수펌프장내에서 큰 규모의 와류가 발생하여 순환수취수펌프운영에 문제를 발생시킬 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다. 이에 따라서 9개 개선안이 고안되어 수치모의되었다. 9개중 4개의 개선안에 대하여 수리모형실험이 수행되었다. 수리모형실험에 근거하여 4개의 개선안의 하나가 최종개선안으로 제시되었다. 공간적인 제약조건이 있는 순환수취수펌프장 및 취수로 설계의 경우 격벽과 도류벽을 이용하면 순환수취수펌프장의 흐름상황을 개선할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.45-58
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• 2009

This research starts from the questioning of current housing development on the hilly site in Korea. It aims to investigate various design techniques of low-rise housing as an alternative housing plan on hilly sites. Several generic solutions of the combination of building type and road pattern are tested for a simulation process, and evaluated in terms of crucial design issues; development density, parking space and open space. As a result, four reasonable models are selected for making full use of geographical features of hilly site, two models each land slope of $18^{\circ}$ and $26^{\circ}$. Several design techniques for each model are also suggested, in ensuring the development feasibility by considering land slope, vehicular access and parking, common open space, and community facilities.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1174-1181
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• 2011

This paper investigates the current established preventive maintenance and its corresponding data on a point machine among railway signalling facilities and suggests a part of considerable plans when the policy of the preventive maintenance is modified. It is not appropriated to apply the optimized preventive replacement period considered with the cost simply. In that case, it is suggested that the reliability should be analyzed failure mode and effects through collecting the on-site failure data sufficiently. Then, that result can be proposed to adjust the proper criteria into the rational way by comparing the initial maintenance criteria. In this paper, the alternative way to determine the feasibility of the inspection period using failure probability is introduced.

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.68-77
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• 2020

Along the advancement of mobile networks, fixed telephone networks are gradually advancing from legacy networks based on copper and circuit-switches to optical cables and packet-switched IP networks. Incumbent fixed-line telephone operators are facilitating the introduction of IP networks and are gradually converting to IP-based facilities according to the investment plans for each operator. As the PSTN's IP conversion exceeds a certain level and VoIP; (an alternative service); is activated, some countries; such as Europe; are considering terminating the PSTN service, centering on operators. In this paper, trends in the procedure, timing, and major issues related to the termination of an overseas PSTN are examined. The domestic status is also examined.