• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.1442-1450
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• 2014

The aim of this study is to develop a model for the alternative selection in port privatization using Brainstorming, the ISM and AHP methods. For this, 30 detailed attributing factors were identified by both previous studies and port users, Also, 13 attributing evaluation factors were identified by a group of port experts using the brainstorming method. These were made into a model of hierarchical structure with 3 levels, taking 1 goal factor, 5 evaluation factors and 7 alternative factors using the ISM method. The collected date of questionnaires through the AHP method were analyzed with a group of port experts for an empirical analysis. The result of the hierarchical level 2 shows that profitability is the most important factor, followed by public interest, management professionality, service quality and financial soundness. The analysis results of hierarchical level 3 shows that commercialization is the most important factor.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제28권7호
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• pp.775-788
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• 2007

본 연구는 예비 중등교사들을 대상으로 지구 내부에서의 방사성 동위원소에 대한 예비 중등교사의 대안개념의 구조를 이해하는 것이다. 그들의 대안개념의 구조를 Lakatos의 방법론을 기준틀로 한 Niaz(1998)의 제안을 사용하여 분석하였다. 이 연구는 사범대학 과학교육과 $3{\sim}4$학년 17명을 대상으로 하였다. 연구 방법으로는 개방형 질문지법(open-ended written questionnaire)을 사용하였다. 연구 결과, 예비 중등교사들은 지구내부에서 방사성 동위원소의 붕괴의 설명은 지층의 높은 열과 압력이 그들의 대안개념에 가장 큰 영향을 주고 있었다. 또한 우리가 제안한 과학개념구성을 위한 과학 철학적 수업전략에 따른 그들의 개념변화를 조사하였다.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.629-640
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• 1998

The original work for representing derivative operators in the wavelet bases was done by Beylkin in [2]. In this paper we present an alternative and easier derivation.

• Journal of Applied and Pure Mathematics
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• 제4권5_6호
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• pp.263-268
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• 2022

We derive an alternative proof of Marsaglia's method for generating a pair of independent standard normal random variables.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제4권
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• pp.157-169
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• 2003

This research was intended to have a grasp of the problems in physical education curriculum, After making an alternative plans of effective management. those were integrated and analyzed their own relations on the purpose of suggesting alternative plans to foster professionality of physical education teacher in order to improve real class of physical education. For this purpose, I referred to sundry records related with instruction of physical education teacher and also conducted a survey with 10 interviews such as researchers of central government education administration, and school commissioners in the ministry's provincial offices of education, professors in the university of pre-teacher training, and teachers involved in physical education. The conclusions were as follows; Physical education curriculum should be organized to reduce and diversify of the sport contents in various levels. Also, it should instruct students based on physical educational knowledge, and it is made up to know the achievement of goals through evaluation tools and development of rules having propriety and reliability. Such a physical educational curriculum developed from real class should inform continuously throughout the Ministry of Education & Human Resources Development and educational organization of physical education teachers and network of the school and mass media. So, it makes most people's recognition raise up, and we need discretionary authority of physical education teacher about time allocation of 45 minutes or 50 minutes for variety of lessons. And we need systematic installation such as reorganization of completion field in level of school.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.69-88
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 예비 중등교사들을 대상으로 '계절 변화의 설명'에 대한 대안 개념과 그 개념에 영향을 주는 요소들을 조사하였다. 본 연구에 참여한 예비교사는 대학교 과학교육학부 2학년 23명, 3학년 23명, 그리고 4학년 28명으로 총 74명이다. 자료 수집은 지필 검사와 개별 면담을 통해 이루어졌다. 연구 결과, 예비 중등교사들은 계절변화 설명에 대한 과학적 개념과 불일치하는 대안 개념들을 가지고 있었으며, '거리 이론'이 그들의 설명에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 예비 중등교사들이 갖는 '계절변화'의 대안개념의 구조와 근원을 알아보기 위하여 그 개념들을 형성하는 틀 이론과 특정 이론을 집중적으로 탐색하였다. 끝으로 연구 결과와 관련된 예비 교사교육에의 시사점을 논하였다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.798-804
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• 2006

이 연구에서는 플로지스톤설에서 산소설로의 개념변화 과정에서 제시된 변칙 사례와 대안 가설에 대한 학생들의 반응을 조사하고, 이를 과학자들의 반응과 비교했다. 변칙 사례와 대안 가설에 대한 과학자들의 반응은 과학사 관련 문헌에서 수집했다. 선개념 검사를 실시하여 연소에 대한 목표 오개념을 지닌 중학교 2학년 학생 148명을 선발했다. 학생들에게 변칙 사례와 대안 가설을 제시하고, 이에 대한 학생들의 반응을 조사했다. 연구 결과, 과학자들과 학생들에게서 유사한 반응 유형이 나타났지만, 동시에 명확한 차이점도 있었다. 과학자들은 변칙 사례의 문제점을 밝히고자 노력하는 경향이 있었지만, 학생들은 자신들의 초기이론에 대한 신념을 고수하기 위해 변칙 사례를 거부하거나 배제하는 경향이 있었다. 또한, 대안 가설을 접한 후에 자신의 신념을 바꾸는 학생은 일부에 불과했다.

• 호남수학학술지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.439-449
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• 2012

In a recent paper, M. Balaj [B] established an alternative principle. The principle was applied to a matching theorem of Ky Fan type, an analytic alternative, a minimax inequality, and existence of solutions of a vector equilibrium theorem. Based on the first author's fixed point theorems, in the present paper, we obtain generalizations of the main result of Balaj [B] and their applications.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to research new paradigms of environmental ethics and environmental ethics education to overcome ecological crisis and to develop an alternative model of systematic environmental ethics education for establishing eco-centred life values. According to deep ecologists, they assert the necessity of basic reorientation of crucial components of present political, economic and social orders to overcome ecological crisis today. This means the movement from the mechanistic worldview to the ecological worldview and the shift from Dominant Social Paradigm(DSP) to New Ecological Paradigm(NEP). Environmental ethics education should be 'eco-centred environmental ethics education'which makes some contribution to overcome ecological crisis and to create new alternatives. Also it should be not a simple behavior change but 'eco-centred environmental ethics education', what is called, as 'ecological literacy education'which changes the views of values, thoughts and attitudes etc. In this, as a new social curriculum, 'ecological literacy education'means to cultivate the ability which can recognize environmental problems correctly and to overcome ecological crisis wisely we face with today. To perform this ecological environmental ethics education, we suggested 'eco-centred life values', we place a criterion of moral value judgment according to 'ecological conscience'on 'life', and we presented 'an alternative model of environmental ethics education' giving consideration to human being, nature and environment at the same time.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.149-160
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• 2004

The primary purpose of this study was to describe psychological aspects of menopausal women who have experiences on alternative therapies, such as pomegranate tree fluid, life pack, evening primerose, zacro syrup, zacro pill, multi-vitamin, oriental medicine instead of estrogen. In order to have insights on the participants behaviors, this qualitative research was conducted. The participants in this study were six women who have been taking at least one of the alternative therapies to relieve the menopausal symptom. Data had been collected from November 2002 to May 2003. The interview questions were about motivations to seek the alternative therapy, menopausal symptoms, feelings or positive effects after the treatment. The interviews were recorded and transcribed into written documents. The method described by Giorgi was utilized for data analysis. The study results were as follows : 1. The participants sought the alternative therapy based on their own information or by friends' recommendations. The motivations of taking the therapy were to live younger and healthier by reliving menopausal symptoms including somatic symptoms, such as irregular menstruation, flushing sense, cold sweating, insomnia, dull headache, vagina dryness, cystitis after sexual intercourse, joint pain, nervousness, depression, skin dryness, and suppression of activity. 2. The participants expressed that they became more active and felt better with disappearing menopausal symptoms after about 2 to 3 weeks treatment. 3. The participants did not want to accept the fact that they had menopause, which caused avoidance of having medical diagnosis and medical treatment. They also did not want to let their spouses know about their symptoms. 4. The major reason of taking the alternative therapy was to avoid the side effects of estrogen therapy in spite of high costs of the alternative way. 5. The participants suggested that menopausal women needed to be educated about physical and psychological symptoms of menopause. They also needed to be informed about how to manage it. In conclusion, accurate information about foods and drugs utilized for the alternative therapy was needed. Medically proved methods to recognize positive effects and side effects were also necessary. These goals could be achieved by continuous medical observations and further research.