• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제60권2호
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• pp.86-94
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• 2023

Tonnage taxation has contributed to developing the Korean maritime industry through tax relief for shipping companies. The current tonnage taxation relies on the net tonnage as an earning-capacity indicator in a merchant ship. Although the tonnage tax accords with horizontal equity, it does not match vertical equity because of the different taxable capacities of an individual company. Nowadays, maritime transport uses a dedicated vessel, and each shipping freight embeds a different value of time. It means the tonnage taxation regime should consider the added value of each shipping freight. Meanwhile, as the environmental regulations led by the International Maritime Organization are being strengthened, the Korean merchant fleet must be eco-friendly soon after. This study explores the alternative to renewing tonnage taxation by utilizing the Greenship certification and considering the ability-to-pay principle. Because the Greenship certification scheme encourages shipping decarbonization, maritime transport by a certified ocean-going vessel comes to be treated as an activity for the green economy. Special taxation for the green economy may contribute to shipping sustainability and market competitiveness.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.11-22
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• 2015

The almost of Web page has been gathered the personal information(Korean resident registration number, name, cell-phone number, home telephone number, E-mail address, home address, etc.) using the membership and log-in. The all most user of Web page are concerned for gathering of the personal information. I-pin is the alternative means of resident registration number and has been used during the last ten-year period in the internet. The accident of I-pin mass illegal issue was happened by hacker at February, 2015. In this paper, we analysis the problems of I-pin system about I-pin mass illegal issue accident and propose a improvement method of it. First, I-pin issue must be processed by the off-line of face certification in spite of user's inconvenience. Second, I-pin use must be made up through second certification of password or OTP. The third, the notification of I-pin use must be sent to the user by the text messaging service of cell-phone or the E-mail. The forth, I-pin must be used an alternative means of Korean resident registration number in Internet. The methods can reduce the problems of I-pin system.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회B
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• pp.3335-3340
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• 2007

The government have been tightening EM regulation gradually but the effect is not good because of rapid increase of vehicles. And medium & heavy duty diesel vehicles, even though the number is small, exhaust very large pollutants(about over 50%). Especially it is more severe about old trucks and buses. Accordingly, CNG vehicle and the retrofit of diesel to CNG must be an alternative in order to protect the atmospheric environment and improve the air quality in the metropolitan area. The main object of this study is to secure the retrofit technology of diesel to CNG vehicle and the management system of CNG engine. we passed the government emission certification test. In addition to this, the mass production for retrofit is also studied. Results of emission and durability test for certification are as follows; there was no problem during 30,000km vehicle durability test and good emission levels satisfying the regulation.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.111-117
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• 2006

Song-do City is a newly constructed city built on land reclaimed from the seaside and the surrounding area. Its development involved a long process since the basic plans for reclamation of the publicly owned seaside area in Song-do were drawn up in September 1979. However, if we take a look at the overall status of the project as it is carried on at present, it is hard to deny that the project is trapped inside the same legal restrictions as are all other existing cities, which permits Song-do City to meet only very minimum standards. This study intends to analyze and assess the Song-do City's environmentally friendly construction and to rate its current development status, exposing any problems and offering alternative solutions. In this paper, the current state of constructions in Song-do City were reviewed. Then a quantitative analysis and assessment for the Song-do City constructions of apartments, complex buildings, office buildings, and school facilities were conducted by using green building certification criteria. Finally the synthetic results of environmental performance evaluation for Song-do city constructions and follow-up suggestions were described.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2014

Due to rapid climate changing and the need for energy conservation, environment friendly initiatives have emerged, and regulations to support establishment of green structures in construction have been legislated and enacted. In this study, the supporting of green build method act for rapid climate change and energy conservation. Using green build method, protecting surrounding ecosystem and developing green building continuously, I suggest alternative for protection of the environment. Identifies Envelope Design Elements among various construction Green Building Design Guidelines. Green buildings that we extract the Green Building envelope design from Design Guideline, select the object building through the green buildings examples of public institution relocation projects. Since then analyzes the planned schematic design and Green Envelope Design Elements and Green Building Certification(G-SEED). So, that future directions for planning correlation of Green Building and Design Guidelines about Green Design Elements Can be presented.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.467-476
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 개념 설계 과정에서 항공 인증 규정 및 의사결정모델을 이용하여 최적화 문제 구성과 항공기 기준형상을 선정하는 프로세스를 정립하고, 이를 소형제트항공기에 적용하였다. 항공기 안전성을 보장하기 위한 최소안전 요구조건인 항공 인증 규정은 항공기 설계 초기단계에서부터 고려되어야 하는 사항으로 반드시 만족해야 한다. 인증 규정 및 사용자 요구도 분석 후, 산업공학기법인 Affinity Diagram, Nested Column Diagram, Quality Function Deployment (QFD), Pugh Concept Selection Matrix와 같은 의사결정모델을 사용하여 alternative 형상군에 대한 평가를 수행하였다. 그 후 Best alternative 형상에 대한 설계가능영역 분석을 통해 항공 인증 규정에 적합하고 객관적인 문제 구성 및 항공기 기준형상을 도출 할 수 있었다.

• 한국복합재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국복합재료학회 2005년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.203-206
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• 2005

The objective of study on composite cylinder for alternative fuel vehicle is to develop safe, efficient, and commercially viable, on-board fuel storage system for the fuel cell vehicle or natural gas vehicle that use highly compressed gaseous fuel such as hydrogen or natural gas. This study presents the whole procedure of development and certification of a type 3 composite cylinder of 207bar service pressure and 70 liter water capacity, which includes design/analysis, processing of filament winding, and validation through various testing and evaluation. Design methods of liner configuration and winding patterns are presented. Three dimensional, nonlinear finite element analysis techniques are used to predict burst pressure and failure mode. Design and analysis techniques are verified through burst and cycling tests. The full qualification test methods and results for validation and certification are presented.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.63-73
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• 2013

Objectives : The aim of the study was to investigate major satisfaction, career choices and perceived career barriers in college students majoring in alternative medicine. Methods : A total of 315 college students majoring in alternative medicine in 5 universities in K city and J province completed survey questionnaires. Results : The highest proportions of students (38.4%) chose alternative medicine major because of their aptitude and interest. Students (59.0%) were satisfied in general with their majors. Regarding career direction after graduation, the highest proportions 1st of and 2nd year students answered that they haven't decided yet (33.7%). In addition, they wanted to get a job in hospitals (24.6%) and have more education (21.9%). The highest proportions of 3rd and 4th year students wanted to get a job in hospitals (31.3%) and 27.3% of them wanted to have more education. The most important criterion for choosing a career was a career aptitude (38.7%) followed by professionalism, vision, pay, and social status in both groups. Regarding perceived career barriers, the highest proportions of 1st and 2nd year students (31.6%) answered the lack of social recognition about alternative medicine while the highest proportions of 3rd and 4th year students (55.5%) answered the lack of national certifications (P<0.001). Conclusions : In general, students majoring in alternative medicine were satisfied with their majors. They wanted to get a job at a hospital and have more education. They thought that the lack of social recognition and national certification of alternative medicine would be career barriers.

• 항공우주산업기술동향
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.124-135
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• 2010

2009년 4월 27일 일본과 미국은 항공기 및 부품의 감항성인증을 상호수락하기 위한 항공안전협정(BASA) 및 감항성이행절차(IPA)를 체결하였다. 항공안전협정이 해당 민간항공당국이 수행해야 하는 법적 책임을 경감시키지는 않는다. 다만, 역량있는 상대국가의 감항당국이 해당 민간항공당국을 대신하여 자국의 항공기 인증제도에 필적할 만한 방법으로 수행한 인증기능을 인정하는 방법을 통하여, 해당 민간항공당국은 적합성판정을 함에 있어서 대체방법으로 활용하는 것이다. 이를 통해 항공안전협정은 안전을 저해하지 않으면서 여러 국가의 인증에 소요되는 비용과 시간을 경감시키면서 교역을 촉진하는 데 기여하고 있는 것이다. 본 논문에서는 가장 최근에 미국과 BASA를 체결한 일본의 항공기 인증제도 및 항공안전협정 체결 현황에 대하여 제시한다.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.29-38
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• 2012

The current building energy efficiency rating certification regulation on apartment houses evaluates only the saving rate of energy consumed during operation, i.e. use, of a building, but doesn't consider the energy consumptions and environmental load($CO_2$) emissions occurring during the whole lifetime of a building. So this study calculated the energy consumptions and environmental load emissions occurring during the whole lifetime of a building, selected reference schemes and alternative items by design variables to present a design draft considering energy efficiency and environmental performance, and evaluated the total cost by combining and calculating its direct cost(material and heating cost) and indirect cost(environmental cost), for an existing apartment house as an evaluation object. As a result of analysis, the change of heating cost by alternative items of design variables showed a 4~8% change rate compared to the reference scheme, and the material cost of design variable 7 showed a maximum 4.4 times change rate in the alternative plan 6 compared to the reference scheme. The environmental cost showed a similar change rate to the material cost change rate in general, but showed a similar environmental cost change rate to the heating cost change rate in case of design variables 4-1, 4-2, 7.