• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.1190-1193
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• 2005

In recent years, as the demands of VBNS and VDSL increase, the development of kernel parts of optical communication such as PLC(Planar Light Circuit), Coupler, and WDM elements increases. The alignment and the attachment technology are very important in the fabrication of optical elements. In this paper, the optical alignment characteristics of multi-axis ultra precision stage were studied. The alignment algorithms were studied for applying to the ultra precision multi-axis stage. The alignment algorithm is comprised of field search and peak search algorithms. The contour of optical power signals can be obtained by field search and the precise coordinate can be found out by peak search. Two kinds of alignments, such as 1 ch. input vs. 1 ch. output optical stack, and 1 ch. input vs. 8 ch. output PLC stacks were performed for investigating the alignment characteristics.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.34 no.5_6
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• pp.187-194
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• 2007

A local alignment algorithm does comparing two strings and finding a substring pair with size l and similarity s. To find a pair with both sufficient size and high similarity, existing normalization approaches maximize the ratio of the similarity to the size. In this paper, we introduce normalization by functions that maximizes f(s)/g(l), where f and g are non-decreasing functions. These functions, f and g, are determined by experiments comparing DNA sequences. In the experiments, our normalization by functions finds appropriate local alignments. For the previous algorithm, which evaluates the similarity by using the longest common subsequence, we show that the algorithm can also maximize the score normalized by functions, f(s)/g(l) without loss of time.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.241-247
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• 1996

The most important factor in highway design is to match highway alignment with topography so that the driver can drive the vehicle safely and comfortably. Highway alignment design is completed with combination of horizontal alignment and vertical alignment that is harmony with topography at the last step. In highway alignment design, the use of continuous perspective can meet vehicle's physical requirements, which is useful to keep driver's psychological and physiological balance. The main purpose of this study is to develop a computer pro-gram which is applicable to highway alignment design through study of how to make and analyze perspective by means of computer.

• Journal of Computing Science and Engineering
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.85-94
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• 2016

We propose a model-based method for information alignment using educational standards as a case study. Discrepancies and inconsistencies in educational standards across different states/cities hinder the retrieval and sharing of educational resources. Unlike existing educational standards alignment systems that only give binary judgments (either "aligned" or "not-aligned"), our proposed system classifies each pair of educational standard statements in one of seven levels of alignments: Strongly Fully-aligned, Weakly Fully-aligned, Partially-$aligned^{***}$, Partially-$aligned^{**}$, Partially-$aligned^*$, Poorly-aligned, and Not-aligned. Such a 7-level categorization extends the notion of binary alignment and provides a finer-grained system for comparing educational standards that can broaden categories of resource discovery and retrieval. This study continues our previous use of mathematics education as a domain, because of its generally unambiguous concepts. We adopt a materialization pattern (MP) model developed in our earlier work to represent each standard statement as a verb-phrase graph and a noun-phrase graph; we align a pair of statements using graph matching based on Bloom's Taxonomy, WordNet, and taxonomy of mathematics concepts. Our experiments on data sets of mathematics educational standards show that our proposed system can provide alignment results with a high degree of agreement with domain expert's judgments.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.11-17
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• 2009

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the body alignment on the type and weight of the bag. Methods: The Subjects(n=62) measured posture alignment and make out the questionnaire. The questionnaire item was type of the bag, weight of the bag, side which carries the bag, and time to carry the bag. The posture alignment measured by global posture system(GPS). GPS Measurement was ASIA, acromion process, medial malleolus on Frontal plane, ear, shoulder joint, knee joint, lateral malleolus on sagittal plane, and trunk rotation on transverse plane. Results: The backpack and shoulder bag was no significant. The width of the strap bag was not significant. The side which carries on shoulder bag was statistical significance(p<.05). The time to carry the bag was statistical significance on change of posture(p<.05). A bag weight was no significant. Conclusion: This research provides the direction and carry the bag in time for the posture. This study showed that type and weight of bag does affect body alignment. This indicates that there is an interaction that plays a crucial roles in the type and weight of bag and the body alignment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.330-330
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• 2008

It is widely investigated to liquid crystal (LC) alignment using non-contact alignment method such as ion-beam (IB) irradiation, UV alignment, and oblique deposition. Because conventional rubbing method has some drawbacks. These include defects from dust and electrostatic charges and rubbing scratch during rubbing process. In addition, rubbing method needs additional process to remove these defects. Therefore rubbing-free methods like ion-beam irradiation are strongly required. We studied LC alignment effect on poly imide surface by IB irradiation and electro-optical (EO) characteristics of twisted nematic liquid crystal display (TN-LCD). In this experiment, a good uniform alignment of the nematic liquid crystal (NLC) with the ion-beam exposure on the polyimide (PI) (SE-150 from Nissan Chemical) surface was observed. We also achieved low pretilt angle as a function of ion-beam irradiation intensity. In addition, it can be obtained the good EO properties of the IB-aligned TN-LCD on PI surface. Some other experiments results and discussion will be included in the poster.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.88-95
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• 2003

This paper presents the measurement and correction method of PCB alignment errors for PCB screen printer. Electronic equipment is getting smaller and yet must satisfy high performance standard. Therefore, there is a great demand for PCB with high density. However conventional PCB screen printer doesn't have enough accuracy to accommodate the demand fur high-resolution circuit pattern and high-density mounting capacity of electronic chips. It is because the alignment errors of PCB occur when it is loaded to the screen printer. Therefore, this study focuses on the development of the system which is able to measure and correct alignment errors with high-accuracy. An automatic optical inspection part measures the PCB alignment errors using machine vision, and the high-accuracy 3-axis stage makes correction for these errors. This system used two CCD cameras to get images of two fiducial marks of PCB. The geometrical relationship between PCB, cameras, and xy$\theta$ stage is derived, and analytical equations for alignment errors are also obtained. The unknown parameters including camera declining angles and etc. can be obtained by initialization process. Finally, the proposed algorithm is verified by experiments by using test bench.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.136-139
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• 2003

We studied the nematic liquid crystal (NLC) aligning capabilities using the new alignment material of a-C:H thin film as working gas at 30W rf bias condition. A high pretilt angle of about $5^{\circ}$ by ion beam(IB) exposure on the a-C:H thin film surface was measured. A good LC alignment by the IB alignment method on the a-C:H thin film surface was observed at annealing temperature of $250^{\circ}C$, and the alignment defect of the NLC was observed above annealing temperature of $300^{\circ}C$. Consequently, the high LC pretilt angle and the good thermal stability of LC alignment by the IB alignment method on the a-C:H thin film surface as working gas at 30W rf bias condition can be achieved.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1997 no.11
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• pp.369-372
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• 1997

Socket pressure distributions with gait analyses of a transfemoral and a transtibial prostheses were measured in order to assess an optimal socket fitting and unction. Ankle joint was aligned by the neutral and the dorsi/plantar flexed positions. Compared to dorsi and plantar flexed positions of ankle joint, cadence and walking speed increased with the neutral ankle joint alignment. Other gait parameters were close to the normative data with the neutral ankle joint alignment. For the transfemoral amputee, dorsiflexed alignment of the ankle joint created high pressure on the lateral aspect of the socket, on the other hand, plantarflexed alignment resulted in increased pressure on the medial aspect of the socket. For the transtibial amputee, dorsiflexed alignment of the ankle resulted in high pressure on the antero-lateral aspect of the socket during mid-stance, but plantarflexion of the ankle joint showed slight increases in pressure at the same location in the socket. The present study clearly demonstrated that malalignment of a prosthesis results in localized increasing pressure within the socket. Proper alignment of the prosthesis is required in order to acquire an appropriate socket-limb interface as well as the proper gait.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2012

The horizontal alignment of road is deeply related with the stability of the road and traffic capacity. It is necessary to analyze horizontal alignment of road accurately for efficient maintenance of the road and relevance judgment about the standard. Recently the study on horizontal alignment of road using Lidar data and GPS was concluded, but they were many problem analyzing horizontal alignment radius of curvature in wide area. In this study, the tool which the radius of curvature can evaluate the suitability about "Rules about the Road Structure & Facilities Standards" by using center lines of the road of the digital map tries to implement on GIS. The interface was designed and implemented which can automatically estimate the Road Centerline Horizontal Alignment by using $ESRI^{(R)}$ $ArcObject^{TM}$.