• 한국양식학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.401-419
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• 1998

제주도의 8개지점(함덕, 온평, 위미, 법환, 화순, 대포, 한림, 외도)에서 해조장형성과 조식성의 대표적이 동물인 성게류(보라성게,Anthocidaris crassispina와 말똥성게 Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus)의 섭이형태에 대하여 연구하였다. 각 조사지점의 해조류 생체량이 조사되었으며, 성게류의 장내용물과 생물학적 측정치에 관련된 해조류 군락의 양적분포와 우점도가 조사되었다. 결론적으로 대포지점의 조사지점이 해조상으로는 가장 우세함에도 불구하고 성게의 생물학적인 특성인 체고, 체장, 체중 그리고 생식소 지수와의 관련이 없었다. 이는 성게류들이 조류의 풍도에만 의존하는 곳이 아니고 다른 먹이물질을 섭이함을 뜻한다. 성게의 음식물 선호도를 위해 섭이된 장내용물을 조사한 결과 부착성 조류와 유조(drifted algae) 및 다양한 동물들 (해면, 태충류, 갑각류 및 미확인된 캡슐에 싸인 알 등)과 펄이나 모래와 같은 저질들이 먹이물질로 조사되었다. 섭이된 음식물의 상대적인 양으로 볼 때, 해조류의 섭식률은 낮은 것으로 밝혀졌으며, 이로서 성게가 조장형성이나 갯녹음 현상을 일으키는 해조류의 우요 섭식자가 아닐 것으로 추정할 수 있다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권7호
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• pp.1047-1053
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• 2006

The current study was designed to determine the effects of dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on fatty acid deposition in egg yolk and various tissues of laying Tsaiya ducks, and on the mRNA concentrations of hepatic lipogenesis-related transcription factors. Thirty laying ducks were randomly assigned to three treatments with diets based on corn-soybean meal (ME: 2803 kcal/kg; CP: 17.1%; Ca: 3.4%) supplemented with 0% (control diet), 0.5% or 2% algal DHA oil. The DHA content in egg yolks of the ducks was elevated significantly (p<0.01) with the supplementation of dietary DHA. The DHA percentage of the total fatty acids in the egg yolk of laying ducks was 0.5%, 1.3% and 3.4% for 0%, 0.5% and 2% algal DHA oil treatments, respectively, for the $1^{st}$ week, and 0.5%, 1.5% and 3.3% for the $2^{nd}$ week. Therefore, algal DHA oil can be utilized by laying Tsaiya ducks to enhance the egg-yolk DHA content. The concentrations of triacylglycerol (TG) and cholesterol in plasma of laying Tsaiya ducks were not affected by dietary DHA treatments (p>0.05). The DHA concentration in plasma, liver, and skeletal muscle was increased with the addition of dietary algal DHA oil (p<0.05). The mRNA abundance of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP1) and SREBP2 in the livers of laying Tsaiya ducks was not affected by dietary DHA, suggesting that the expression of these transcription factors is tightly controlled and not sensitive to DHA treatments.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.18-21
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• 1977

Effects of alginate and tangle on the suppression of intestinal absorption of heavy metals were tested by albino rats. The absorption of cadmium was suppressed by adding 5% or 10% alginate to the diets contaminated with 5 ppm cadmium, but not by 1% a1ginate or 10% tangle (p<0.05).

• 한국환경생물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경생물학회 2002년도 춘계공동학술대회 및 심포지움 초록집
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• pp.16-16
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• 2002

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.1451-1456
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• 2005

To study the acute effect of dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, $C_{22:6}$) on the expression of adipocyte determination and differentiation-dependent factor 1 (ADD1) mRNA in pig tissues, weaned, crossbred pigs (28 d of age) were fed with either 10% (on as-fed basis) tallow (high stearic acid), soybean oil (high linoleic acid), or high DHA algal oil for 2 d. The plasma and liver DHA reflected the composition of the diet. The adipose tissue and skeletal muscle DHA did not reflect the diet in the short term feeding. The results also showed that the diet containing 10% algal DHA oil significantly decreased the total plasma cholesterol (39%) and triacylglycerol (TG; 46%) in the pigs. Soybean oil significantly decreased plasma TG (13.7%; p<0.05), but did not have an effect on plasma cholesterol. The data indicate that different dietary fatty acid compositions have different effects on plasma lipids. The ADD1 mRNA was decreased (p<0.05) in the liver of DHA oil-treated pigs compared with the tallow-treated pigs. The diets did not have significant effect on the ADD1 mRNA in adipose tissue. Addition of algal DHA oil in the diet increased acyl CoA oxidase (ACO) mRNA concentration in the liver, suggesting that dietary DHA treatment increases peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation in the liver. However, dietary soybean oil supplementation did not affect mRNA concentrations of ADD1 or ACO in the tissues of pigs. Because ADD1 increases the expression of genes associated with lipogenesis, and ACO is able to promote fatty acid oxidation, feeding DHA oil may change the utilization of fatty acids through changing the expression of ADD1 and ACO. Therefore, feeding pigs with high DHA may lead to lower body fat deposition.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2004

Sweet smelt (Plecoglossus altivelis) were fed four different diets supplemented with either perilla oil $(2.0\%)$ rich in 18:3n-3 (CP), and perilla oil and Enteromorpha compressa meal $(2.0\%)$ (CPA), soybean oil rich in 18:2n-6 (CO), or soybean oil and algal meal (CA) for 4 weeks. The growth performance, fatty acid composition of muscle, plasma lipid peroxidation and blood components of the sweet smelt were then determined. The specific growth rate and feed efficiency in the fish fed the CPA diet were the highest, while the other groups showed similar results. The fatty acid composition of muscle in sweet smelt reflected the dietary lipids; 18:3n-3 was higher in the fish fed the CP and CPA diets, and 18:2n-6 was higher in the fish fed the CO and CA diets. The other fatty acid profiles presented almost no differences with respect to the diet composition. The fish fed the CA, CP and CPA diets contained significantly lower levels of triglyceride, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances and hydroxyl radical in their plasma than that fed the CO diet. Phagocytic activity was the highest in the fish fed the CPA diet and higher in those of the fish fed the CP and CA diets compared to the CO diet group. The results from this study suggest that a dietary supplement of $2.0\%$ perilla oil together with $2.0\%$ E. compressa meal may improve the growth and health of cultured sweet smelt.

• 생태와환경
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• 제34권2호통권94호
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• pp.98-105
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• 2001

2개월된 어린 백연어의 성장에 있어서 7종의 배양조류와 동물플랑크톤의 먹이 기여도를 조사하기 위하여 10L의 원통형 수조에 8일동안 각각 배양하였다. 동물플랑크톤 Moina는 대부분의 배양조류를 효과적으로 섭취하였는데, Cryptomonas의 경우, 60분동안에 거의 대부분의 조류를 제거한 반면 남조류 Oscillatoria와 Microcystis는 강하게 Moina개체군을 감소시켰다. 어린 백련어는 52시간동안에 배양조류의 약 50% 정도 섭취하였으나, 남조 Microcystis의 경우 60% 이상이 여전히 수조에 남았으며, 동시에 어류체중의 5${\sim}$12%를 감소시켰다. 실험에 사용된 동일한 밀도로 계속적으로 투입할 경우, 어린 백련어는 11${\sim}$65일만에 사멸하였다. 동물플랑크톤 Moina는 투입된 어류밀도에 따라 각 개체의 성장특성이 다소 차이가 있으나 단일배양조류보다 어류성장을 유도하는 가장 직접적인 영양원으로 사료되었다.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.151-157
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• 2004

Effects of supplementing selected fatty acids on fatty acid incorporation (17 days) , and progeny production (14 days) in Artemia franciscana (Great Salt Lake, USA) were studied. To compare with the control four diets, which differed in fatty acid composition alone contain Dunalieia tertiolecta and an emulsion either rich in OA (oleic acid, 18: 1 n-9), ARA (arachidonic acid, 20:4n-6), EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid,20:5n-3), or DHA (docosahexaenoic acid, 22:6n-3). Each of these emulsions was supplemented at a ratio of 20 % of the daily dose of D. tertiolecta (% algal dry weight). The initial OA and ARA values were 33.5 and 1.7 mg/g DW of freshly-hatched nauplii, respectively. After 11 days of feeding, these values increased to 38.8 and 7.6 mg/g DW in Artemia receiving the fatty acid sup-plement rich in each of the respective fatty acids. After 14 days, the levels were almost doubled, reaching 62.8 and 13.4 mg/g respectively. On EPA supplementation, its level after 11 days of feeding was 14.3 and 17.3 mg/g in male and female, respectively and was 16.0 and 23.1 mg/g in the male and female after 14 days, respectively. The EPA accumulated more in the body (39.1 mg/g) than in ovisac (16.9 mg/g). In the DHA supplementation group also, DHA levels after 11 days of feeding were 3.1 and 5.5 mg/g in male and female, respectively. After 14 days, the DHA level continued to increase in male. but slightly decreased to 4.6 mg/g in female. It was not richer in ovisac (2.6 mg/g) than in the remaining body of female (4.6 mg/g). In conclusion, fatty acids supplied by a lipid emulsion as a supplement to the algal diet are well incorporated in the adult Artemia. Apart from being an extra source of energy, these emulsions may function as source of HUFA which may play an essential role for growth and progeny production (fecundity) of Artemia.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.75-85
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• 1998

젖소폐기물(분뇨)에서 algae meal(cell)을 생산하여 사료로의 재활용 하기 위하여 야생에서 선별한 2종의 algae, ulothrix와 chlorella을 배양하여 algae meal을 생산하였다. 생산된 aigae meal의 일반성분, 투기물, 아미노산 조성 및 지방의 지방산조성을 분석하였으며 in vitro 건물 및 조단백질 소화율 측정하고 어패류에 대한 성장효과 및 안정성을 2종 간을 비교 분석하였다. Algae meal(ulothrix 및 chlorella)의 일반성분 중 건물기준 조단백질 함량은 29.03% 및 29.24%로 유사하였으나 다른 성분 특히 NDF 함량(20.76% 및 5.92%), 조회분 함량(28.99% 및 32.86%) 및 Ca 함량(6.09% 및 12.62%)은 algae종 간에 상당한 유의차를 나타냈다(P<.01). Algae meal의 필수아미노산 조성에서 ulothrix가 valine, isoleucine 및 phenylalanine 등의 함량이 chlorella에서 보다 높게 나타났고 isoleucin, glycine 및 proline 함량은 chlorella (1.46%, 9.79% 및 8.25%)에서 ulothrix (1.16%, 144% 및 1.03%)에서 보다 매우 높게 나타났다(P<.01). Algae meal지방의 포화지방산 조성은 C16:0 및 C18:0의 함량이 ulothrix(33.07% 및 20.70%)에서 chlorella (27.17% 및 7.03%)에서 보다 높았고(P<.01) 불포화 지방산 조성은 C18:1, C18:2 및 C18:3은 chlorella 함량(24.83%, 13.06% 및 5,76%)이 ulothrix 함량(4.69%, 0.03% 및 7.51%) 보다 매우 높았다(P<.01). Algae meal의 in vitro 반추위 및 전체 건물 소화율은 ulothrix(36.33% 및 69.43%)가 chlorella(42.57%및 72.83%)에서 높았다(P<.05) Algae meal의 어패류에 대한 성장효과 및 안정성 (증체율 및 생존율/8주)은 chlorella(178% 및 100%)가 ulothrix(1.59% 및 90%)나 대조구(158% 및 86.7%) 보다 높았으나 통계적 유의차는 나타나지 않았다(P>.05).