• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.35 no.2 s.137
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• pp.143-146
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• 2004

The effects of the MeOH and water extracts from the marine algae Pelvetia siliquosa were evaluated on hyperlipidemic rats induced by cholesterol rich diet or poloxamer-407. The MeOH and water extracts, when administered orally for 3 consecutive days in hyperlipidemic rats induced by poloxamer-407 (1 ml of 30%), were found to cause a significant decrease in plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations. Both extracts also showed a significant inhibition of serum total cholesterol and triglyceride level in rats treated with cholesterol rich diet. HDL-cholesterol, however, was increased significantly.

• ALGAE
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.349-352
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• 2004

We examined MeOH extracts of the marine plants from Korea for their inhibitory activities on rat lens aldose reductase in vitro. Among the MeOH extracts tested, the extracts of Enteromorpha prolifera, Ecklonia cava, Pelvetia siliquosa and Salicornia herbacea exhibited a rat lens aldose reductase inhibition (IC$_{50}$: 3.04, 8.84, 11.42 and 4.99 $\mu$g-ml$^{-1}$, respectively) in vitro.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.129-132
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• 2003

The crude extracts of marine algae were screened for tyrosinase-inhibitory and radical scavenging effects. Among the samples tested, Symphyocladia latiuscula and Gloiopeltis furcata were found to be the most effective in DPPH radical scavenging test while Gigatina tenella, Sargassum thunbergii, and Sargassum sp. were moderately active. For the inhibition against mushroom tyrosinase, Symphyocladia latiuscula and Sargassum confusum showed the strongest inhibition. Codium adhaerens, Corallina pilulifera, Carpopeltis cornea, Halymenia acuminata, Hizikia fuziformis, Porphyra suborbiculata, and Enteromorpha linza exhibited mild inhibitory potency.

• ALGAE
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.61-72
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• 2021

Increased proliferation of bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a critical issue that has increased the demand for novel antibacterial compounds. Antibacterial activities have been evaluated in extracts from photosynthetic green microalgae, with varying levels of subsequent potential for development based on the strain of algae, strain of bacterial pathogen, and solvent used to extract the metabolites. Green microalgae from extreme environmental conditions have had to adapt to conditions that exclude many other organisms. The production of antibacterial compounds aids directly or indirectly in the survival of green microalgae in these extreme environments, as well as potentially serve other roles. This review investigates antibacterial activities of green microalgae from both extreme in-situ environmental conditions and induced extreme laboratory conditions and highlights.

• Ocean Science Journal
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.31-37
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• 2008

As a part of an ongoing search for antioxidants from marine sources, antioxidant activities of 24 kinds of seaweeds (4 green algae, 8 brown algae, and 12 red algae) were investigated. The seaweeds were extracted by acetone/dichloromethane and methanol, respectively. The antioxidant properties of both extracts were evaluated using four different activity tests, including degree of occurrence of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), NO, lipid peroxidation, and GSH (glutathione) in mouse macrophage Raw 264.7 cells. The levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and GSH were measured using 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFDA) and monobromobimane as fluorescence probe, respectively. Moreover, the generation of NO and lipid peroxidation products were determined by each method based on the Griess reaction and TBARS assay. Solvent extracts from seaweeds such as Scytosiphon lomentaria, Prionitis cornea, Laruencia okamurae, Callophyllis japonica, Sargassum horneri, Dictyopteris divaricata, Lomentaria catenata, Corallina confuse, Ishige okamurae, and Ahnfeltiopsis flabelliformi exhibited high antioxidant activities in cellular oxidizing systems.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.526-531
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• 2023

This study investigated the ingredients, anti-aging and anti-dementia activities of the Korean marine algae Silvetia siliquosa. The S. siliquosa solvent extracts were prepared with 70% ethanol, 80% methanol, and distilled water. The extraction yield range of various solvent extracts was 15.82-49.98%. The ethanol and methanol extracts had higher tyrosinase and collagenase inhibitory activities than those of the water extract. Meanwhile, all extracts exhibited high elastase inhibitory activity. Conversely, the methanol and water extracts exhibited the highest acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity (IC₅₀, 0.40 mg/mL) and β-secretase inhibitory activity (IC₅₀, 0.81 ㎍/mL), respectively. These results indicate that S. siliquosa may be useful in food and pharmaceutical materials as a cosmetic and functional.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.1074-1078
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• 2008

To investigate the antiviral activity of marine algae against fish pathogenic viruses, which are often the causes of viral disease in aquaculture, the 80% methanolic extracts of 21 species collected from the coast of Korea were screened for their in vitro antiviral activities on infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) and infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV), using a flounder spleen (FSP) cell-line. Among them, Monostroma nitidum (10 ${\mu}g/mL$) exhibited the strongest inactivation on IHNV, showing a 2 log reduced virus titre as compared to the control in the determination of direct virucidal activity. In addition, Polysiphonia morrowii (100 ${\mu}g/mL$) remarkably reduced the virus titres of treated cells by 2-2.5 log, for both IHNV and IPNV, in the determination of cellular protective activity, implying the existence of substances that may modulate innate host defense mechanisms against viral infections. These results reveal that some marine algae could be promising candidates as sources of antiviral agents or as health-promoting feeds for aquaculture.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.137-144
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• 2024

In this study, we investigated the antioxidant and physiological activities of the Korean marine algae, Enteromorpha compressa. Solvent extracts of E. compressa were prepared using 70% ethanol, 80% methanol, and water, with extraction yields ranging from 9.55% to 25.67%. The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents ranged from 20.76-28.41 mg/g and 2.56-18.59 mg/g, respectively. Compared with the water extract, the ethanol and methanol extracts were found to have higher antioxidant activities. All three extracts were found to promote alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase activities in a concentration-dependent manner, whereas the methanol and ethanol extracts were established to have the highest angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity (IC₅₀=1.40 ㎍/mL) and β-secretase inhibitory activity (IC₅₀=0.17 ㎍/mL), respectively. These findings thus indicate that E. compressa could have beneficial application as a supplementary antioxidant and functional constituent in food and pharmaceutical materials.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.307-314
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• 2006

This study was conducted to screen in vitro angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activities of methanol (MeOH) and aqueous extracts which were prepared by four different extractions-80% methanol extracts(ME) at $20^{\circ}C\;and\;70^{\circ}C$, respectively and aqueous extracts (AE) at both temperatures with the residue of the MEs-of ten marine green algae and nineteen brown algae collected along Jeju coast of Korea. Most marine brown algae extracts showed higher capacities than those of marine green algae in ACE inhibitory activity. Particularly, $70^{\circ}C$ MeOH extract (70ME) of Hizikia fusiforme showed the strongest inhibition activity (about 87%) among all the extracts. Also, 70 MEs of Enteromorpha linza, Ishige sinicola, Laminaria ochotensis, Petrospongium rugosum, Sagrassum horneri, Undaria pinnatifida and $20^{\circ}C$ MeOH extracts (20ME) of Myagropsis myagroides, Petrospongium rugosum, $20^{\circ}C$ aqueous extracts (20AE) of Codium contractum, Enteromorpha compressa, and $70^{\circ}C$ aqueous extracts (70AE) of Ecklonia cava, Petrospongium rugosum showed moderate ACE inhibitory activities more than 50% and the other extracts exhibited weak activities. On tile other hand, E. cava had the best ACE inhibitory activity among 70AEs. This indicates that 70AE of E. cava contains potential anti-ACE macromolecular. We tried to proteolytic digest 70AE of E. cava to induce production of anti-ACE peptides from E. cava 70AE. The enzymes used are five pretenses including Kojizyme, Flavourzyme, Neutrase, Alcalase, and Protamex, which are food grade-commercial enzymes from Novo Co. Flavourzyme-digest of E. cava 70AE showed the highest inhibitory activity about 90%. And the five different enzymatic digests of the E. cava 70AE ranged from 2.33 to 3.56 ${\mu}g/mL$, respectively in $IC_{50}$ values of anti-ACE activity.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.37-44
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• 2008

In this study we developed the analytical methods for the determination of three neurotoxin; anatoxin-a, saxitoxin and neosaxitoxin using HPLC/FLD system and this analytical methods were applied to real sample; algae culture and algae extracts. For the HPLC/FLD analysis of anatoxin-a samples were concentrated on WCX(Weak Cation Exchanger) SPE and then anatoxin-a in concentrate was derivatized with NBD-F solution. Supernatant was injected on HPLC system. For the HPLC/FLD analysis of saxitoxin and neosaxitoxin samples were separated on the column and then derivatizied by post column reactor for fluorescen detection. For post column reaction of saxitoxin we feed two kinds of reaction solution; Oxidizing Reagent of which composition was periodic acid(7mM) in 50mM potassium phosphate buffer, pH 9 and acidifying reagent of which Composition was 0.5M acetic acid. The LOD value for anatoxin-a, saxitoxin and neosaxitoxin in HPLC/FLD method was 24.3 ng. $35{\mu}g/L$, $27{\mu}g/L$ respectively. We determined the anatoxin-a content of lyophilized anabaena flos-aquae and $20{\mu}g/g$ d.w. of anatoxin-a was detected. We analyzed saxitoxin and neosaxitoxin in algae culture media and extracts of lypopyllized algal cell cultured and that of Deachung reservior. Saxitoxin and neosaxitoxin in real sample were below the limit of detection. Although there are various water treatment processes for removing neurotoxins were suggested no process give simultaneous and complete removal of neurotoxins. It was cocluded that nanofiltration which reject material by size can be a process for removal of neurotoxins.