• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.690-700
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the awareness of alcohol use during pregnancy and factors influencing the intention to abstain from alcohol during pregnancy by drinking levels. Methods: Utilizing a comparative descriptive design, a total of 359 female college students were recruited. Measurements were Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) variables related awareness of alcohol use during pregnancy, Korean Version of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, knowledge about alcohol use during pregnancy, and socio-demographic factors. Main variables were compared by drinking levels. The factors influencing the intention to abstain from alcohol during pregnancy were identified using hierarchical regression analysis. Results: Non-problematic alcohol behavior group (n=185) had higher the intention to abstain from alcohol during pregnancy than problematic alcohol behavior group (n=174) (t=3.13, p=.002). The significant TPB variables influencing the intention to abstain from alcohol during pregnancy were that attitudes (β =-.44, p<.001), subjective norms (β =.14, p=.026), and perceived behavior control (β =.19, p=.002) in non-problematic alcohol behavior group, whereas the corresponding variables in the problematic alcohol behavior group were attitudes (β =-.51, p<.001) and subjective norms (β =.21, p=.006). Conclusion: It is necessary to increase the intention to abstain from alcohol during pregnancy for the female college students having problematic alcohol behavior. The following strategies are recommended for them; decreasing acceptable attitudes toward alcohol use during pregnancy and reinforcing the influence of social pressure toward to abstain from alcohol during pregnancy.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.214-218
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• 2003

Alcohol consumption causes numerous consequences on the health of the human body. Heavy drinking on a daily base has caused liver diseases. Furthermore, some products such as acetaldehyde produced from alcohol metabolism are more toxic than alcohol itself. This study was carried out to evaluate the role of Lactobacillus casei on alcohol metabolism, especially, the removal of the toxic effect of alcohol. The maximum alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activities from L. casei were observed at 4 hr of culture. L. casei was confirmed to produce the ADH and ALDH by the SDS-PAGE. From in vivo test using SD rats with 22% alcoholic drink, blood alcohol concentration (BAC), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) of the rats feeding the medium containing L. casei were lower than those of the rats feeding the medium containing an alcoholic drink only This demonstrates that the ADH and ALDH produced by L. casei have virtual functions to detoxicate the alcohol in vivo and the fermentation broth of L. casei can be used as an alcohol detoxification drink.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.233-241
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• 2009

Purpose: Alcohol is a major risk factor for injuries, but little is known about the relationship between chronic drinking pattern and injuries. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence of alcohol-related injuries and the differences in the characteristics of the injuries between Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) categories. Methods: Among a representative sample of the third Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 7,697 adults answered questions about injuries, drinking patterns, and socioeconomic status. Incidences of alcohol-related injuries and of non-alcohol-related injuries were calculated, and the relative ratio of injuries between AUDIT categories was analyzed. Results: The incidences of all injuries and alcohol-related injuries were 69.2 and 6.8 per 1000 person-year. After adjustment, the incidences of non-alcohol-related injuries showed no differences between AUDIT categories. But the adjusted relative ratios (RRs) of alcohol-related injuries were 3.73 (95% CI: 1.54~8.99) and 7.70 (95% CI: 3.61~16.44) for risk drinkers and for alcohol-dependent drinkers respectively. No specific body part could be identified as being frequently injured in cases of risk drinkers and alcohol-dependent drinkers. In contrast, the adjusted RRs of fractures, bruises, and open wounds were 1.76 (95% CI: 1.03~3.02), 1.73 (95% CI: 1.15~2.61), and 1.85 (95% CI: 1.17~2.93) for alcohol-dependent drinkers. Assaults occurred 4.66 times more frequently in alcohol-dependent drinkers. Conclusion: Alcohol-related injuries occur more frequently as the person becomes more dependent on alcohol. Fractures, Bruises, open wounds, and assaults occur more frequently in alcohol-dependent drinker. This study suggests that efforts should be carried out in the ED to screen and treat alcohol-use disorders associated with patients injured after drinking.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.889-898
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the oral health-related quality of life (OHIP-14) according to smoking in the male workers in Gunsan. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 460 male workers in Gunsan from April 13 to 30, 2015. Among 460 workers, smokers were 205 and nonsmokers were 255. The questionnaire included three questions of general characteristics of the subjects, four questions of subjective oral health, fourteen questions of OHIP, ten questions of sobriety test (AUDIT), and eight questions of smoking (Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence, FTND). Data were analyzed by frequency analysis, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression analysis using IBM SPSS(Statistical Package for the Social Science) for Windows 20.0 program. Results: In the nonsmokers, there was a negative correlation between the alcohol consumption, dental health condition, tooth pain, gum bleeding, and halitosis. The higher OHIP in the smokers had the negative correlation with nicotine dependence, alcohol consumption, tooth pain, gum bleeding, and halitosis. In order to improve OHIP, smokers are encouraged to manage gum bleeding, and non-smokers to halitosis. Conclusions: In order to improve OHIP, cessation of smoking and alcohol consumption is very important and it can lead to improve the quality of life in the workers.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.327-335
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors related in an urban resident's drinking state and drinking problem. Methods: The data was collected from Oct. 2008 to Sep. 2009. Data were collected by questionaire from 359 urban resident over 20 years old and drinking experience residing. The instruments for this study were the alcohol use disorder identification test(AUDIT), the related factors of alcohol drinking. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, hierarchical multiple regression with the SPSS 18.0 program. Results: The problem drinking were 35.7% on AUDIT. (a) Male had significant effect on drinking problem; (b) If you drank alcohol for the first time prior to high school graduation had significant effect on drinking problem; (c) Permanent rental or unlicensed residential had significant effect on drinking problem; (d) Experience in drunk driving had significant effect on drinking problem. Conclusion: It is nessary to education at early childhood for the prevention of drinking problems and regular management for high risk.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.117-125
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• 2006

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to test the effect of the web-b ased alcohol preventive education for ndicate the model of alcohol preventive education for students spreading al over the family and the comunity.Methods : This study was performed on the 1 public and 1 private eleme ntary school students who are the six grade in Seongdong-gu, Seoul. The number of experimental gr oup was 117 and control group's number was 131, totaled 248. eeks. The pre- and the post-test for web-based alcohol preventive education were tested about knowle dge and attitude toward drinking by questionnaire. The data analysis was done using SPS/Win 12.0 p rogram.Results：The results of this study are as follows;1. Compared with control group, experimental group which was educated the web-based alcohol preventive icant diference in the knowledge toward drinking.2. Compared with control group, also the experimental group w as improved with significant diference in attitude toward drinking after the education.3. In control group, female students' knowledge of drinking w as more increased than male students. And the he group which experienced drinking.Conclusions : The web-based alcohol preventi ve education is worth as a int ervention to get positive influence for the health education. Especially in female studen ts who didn't met with drinking, early education for alcohol prevention is very important. Therefore i t will be helpful that coperate with district ofice ithin the comunity for becoming established the controled drinking pattern.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.552-565
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• 2016

This study aimed to examine the association between material hardship and alcohol use among low-income households in Korea, with particular attention to whether the association was mediated by family conflict and self-esteem. Using a nationally representative sample of 960 low-income households, this study conducted a path analysis to test a structural model liking material hardship to alcohol use through family conflict and self-esteem. The significance of indirect paths was tested by a Sobel test. This study found that experiencing material hardship was directly associated with low levels of coping skills for family conflict and low levels of self-esteem, but not with alcohol use. However, material hardship was indirectly associated with alcohol use through low levels of coping skills for family conflict as well as low levels of self-esteem. The findings of this study suggest that experiencing material hardship among low-income households would be a socio-structural stressor for alcohol use, particularly in that it increases secondary role and intra-psychic strains. Implications to address material hardship and alcohol use among low-income households were discussed.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.232-237
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• 2004

Objectives : The study was designed to test if alcohol use and alcohol-related problems among adolescent females are related to their parents' level of alcohol problems. Methods : In 2001, a stratified sample of 2077 adolescent females, grades 10-11, from twelve female-only high schools located in a large metropolitan city in the Republic of Korea completed a questionnaire about alcohol use, parental attention, and parental alcohol consumption, and other risk and protective factors. Data were analyzed with chi-square and regression analyses. Results : Nearly 63% of the student drinkers had experienced at least one to two alcohol-related problems in their lives. Two-thirds of all 2077 students indicated that at least one of their parents had an alcohol-related problem and that approximately 29% had experienced several problems. Results of random effects ordinal logistic regression analyses suggest a dose-response relationship between parental and youth alcohol-related problems. Youth who report having parents with some and many alcohol problems were 30% (Odds Ratios [OR] = 1.30; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 1.10 - 1.53) and 55% (OR = 1.55; 95%CI = 1.23 - 1.95) more likely to experience alcohol-related problems than youth whose parents do not have alcohol problems, respectively, after statistically adjusting for important covariates. Conclusions : This study presents evidence that alcohol-related problems among adolescent female students is highly prevalent. Also, the study findings reveal a high percentage of parents with alcohol problems, as reported by students. This study presents evidence of what might be a hidden problem among adults and youths in the Republic of Korea that merits serious attention.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.575-583
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• 2022

Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has revealed the disruption of brain white matter microstructure in normal aging and alcoholism undetectable with conventional structural MR imaging. we plan to analyze the FA measurements of the ROI of dangerous drinkers selected from Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and Tract-Based Spatial Statics (TBSS) tool was used to extract FA values in the ROI from the image acquired through the pre-processing process. TBSS has a higher sensitivity of the FA value and MD value in the white matter than the brain gray matter, and has the advantage of quantitatively deriving the unlimited degree of brain nerve fibers, and more specialized in the brain white matter. We plan to analyze the fractional anisotropy (FA) measurement value for damage by selecting the center of the anatomical structure of the white matter region of the brain with high anisotropy among the brain neural networks that are particularly vulnerable to alcohol as the region of interest (ROI). In this study, we expected that alcohol causes damage to the brain white matter microstructure from FA value in various areas including both Choroid plexus. Especially, In the case of the moderate drunker, the mean value of FA in Lt, Rt. Choroid plexus was 0.2831 and 0.2872, whereas, in the case of the severe drunker, the mean value of FA was 0.1972 and 0.1936. We found that the higher the score on the AUDIT scale, the lower the FA value in ROI region of the brain white matter. Using the AUDIT scale, the guideline for the FA value of DTI can be presented, and it is possible to select a significant number of potentially severe drinkers. In other words, AUDIT was proved as useful tool in screening and discrimination of severe drunker through DTI.

• Proceedings of the Ginseng society Conference
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• 1988.08a
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• pp.25-27
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• 1988

To assess the effect of Panax ginseng on the detoxification of ethanol. we examined its effect on blood ethanol clearance in both man and experimental animals and on the rate of ethanol oxidation to carbon dioxide in experimental animals. Fourteen healthy male volunteers were subject to studies. The blood alcohol level in the test group receiving ginseng extract (3g/kg b.w.) along with alcohol (70g/65kg b.w.) was about $35\%$ lower than their control levels at 40 min after ethanol intake. When the blood alcohol level was compared on individual bases. blood alcohol concentrations in 10 subjects ranged from 32 to $51\%$ lower than their control values. The remaining 4 subjects appeared to have a high tolerance level. In experimental animals. the blood alcohol clearance was also much faster in test animals receiving ginseng along with ethanol. The rate of ethanol elimination was determined by the amount of $^{14}CO_2$ in exhaled air following the administration of [$^{14}C$] ethanol. During the first 7 1/4 hr (Phase I) after the ethanol administration. the $CO_2$ output was greater in test animals receving ginseng along with ethanol. whereas from beyond 7 1/4 hr to the near end (Phase II). the $CO_2$ output in control animals was over twice that in test animals. The present studies clearly demonstrate that ginseng promotes the overall metabolism of ethanol. resulting in an enhanced blood alcohol clearance and alcohol elimination.