• Title/Summary/Keyword: agricultural pesticide

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Survey on Compliance of Pesticide Registration Standard and Pesticide Usage of Paddy Rice and Leaf Vegetables in Korea (농약등록기준 준수 현황과 수도 및 엽채소류 사용량 조사)

  • Kim, Kyung-Sun;Kim, Kang-Ho;Kim, Nam-Suk;Ihm, Yang-Bin;Lee, Hee-Dong;Kim, Hyu-Gyung;You, Oh-Jong;Oh, Byung-Youl;Im, Geon-Jae;Ryu, Gab-Hee
    • The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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    • v.10 no.3
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    • pp.183-188
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    • 2006
  • A nation-wide monitoring survey was performed to look into pesticide use pattern and amount on farmers' field after the national registration of pesticides from 2003 to 2004. Tow hundred ninety two leading farmers involved in the survey were chosen from main cultivating regions of targeted crops in consideration with area. Most farmers involved in the survey follow the safe use guideline of pesticides, while their information to select and making-decision for purchasing pesticides were done according to the recommendation of mainly pesticide market dealers or agricultural cooperative dealers. Used amount of pesticide per unit cropping area was surveyed as 5.51 on paddy, 3.91 on field cabbage, 2.93 on greenhouse cabbage, 0.76 on lettuce, 0.55 on spinach, 1.34 on perilla leaf, 4.89 on leek and 0.42 kg $ha^{-1}$ on young radish. As compound with those surveyed from 1999 to 2000, the pesticide amounts used for rice, lettuce and perilla leaf were reduced while that for cabbage was increased.

Simulation of Pesticide Fate and Transport in Drainage Channels

  • Chung, Sang-Ok;Park, Ki-Jung;Christen, E.W.
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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    • v.47 no.7
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    • pp.49-56
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    • 2005
  • Contamination in the drainage channels and creeks with pesticides used in agriculture is of a major concern in many countries. In this study the stream pesticide model RIVWQ (chemical transport model for riverine environments) was assessed for its applicability in simulating pesticide fate in drainage channels. The model was successfully calibrated against field data collected on flows and pesticide concentrations for a drainage channel from a small catchment in the Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area of southwestern New South Wales. The effects of different pesticide loading scenarios from farm fields on channel water quality were analysed by the calibrated model. The model simulated the flow rates and the pesticide concentrations in the drainage channel well. The results of the model simulation suggest that the RIVWQ model can be effectively used for predicting pesticide fate in the drainage channels and exposure assessment of pesticide in the agricultural environment.

Research on Farming Practice Change of Low-pesticide Farmers (저농약인증 농가의 유기.무농약 전환의향 분석)

  • Jeong, Hak-Kyun;Moon, Dong-Hyun
    • Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.139-155
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    • 2013
  • The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of abolishing the low-pesticide agricultural product certification on environmentally friendly farming. A survey was conducted to quantitatively analyze farming practices and factors that change farming practice. It was found that only 17.0% of low-pesticide fruit farmers said that they will change their farming practice into organic or pesticide-free farming. With regard to the factors of farming practice change, binomial logistic regression model was applied for the analysis. In the analysis, it was found that farmers who grow the low-pesticide agricultural product are more likely to change their farming practice into organic or pesticide-free farming, as their expected price of organic or pesticide-free products is high, their area size is small, price premium of low-pesticide agricultural product is low, the frequency of their training is high. It is necessary to enhance the direct payment system to enlarge organic and nonpesticide acreage, and pest management techniques for fruits should be developed for low-pesticide fruit farmers to change their practice into organic and nonpesticide practice. Dissemination of cultivation manual, introduction of insurance to farmers, improvement of certificate system, and advertising and marketing of environment-friendly agricultural products are useful to develop environment-friendly agriculture.

Survey of Pesticide Usage on Fruits in Korea (국내 과수류의 농약사용 실태조사)

  • Ihm, Yang-Bin;Kim, Kyoung-Sun;Kyung, Kee-Sung;Kim, Nam-Suk;Ha, Huen-Young;Lee, Hee-Dong;Oh, Kyeong-Seok;Kim, Jung-Won;Ryu, Gab-Hee
    • The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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    • v.7 no.4
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    • pp.258-263
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    • 2003
  • In order to get the actual pesticide usage data for fruit crops at farmer's gate, this survey was carried out on the growers of 6 representative fruit crops such as apple, citrus, grape, peach, pear and persimmon, in Korea. One hundred fifty farmers were selected in main production areas to record their pesticide usage during the growing seasons. Pesticides were sprayed in pear 15.2 times/year and persimmon 7 times/year. Pesticide input amount per unit for fruits was 39.5 for citrus, 22.1 for apple, 21.5 for pear, 11.9 for peach, 10.8 for persimmon and 6.7 a.i. kg/ha for grape, respectively. The amounts of pesticides sprayed in 2002 except for peach and pear tend to decrease compared with those in 1999. The major fungicides used were mancozeb, propineb, dithianon, etc., while the major insecticides were fenitrothion, chlorpyrifos, methidathion, etc. Total active ingredients of pesticides used for six fruit crops amounted to 18.3% of total sales amount of pesticides for horticulture in 2002. The amounts of pesticides sprayed on citrus, grape, peach and pear in Korea was less than those in U.S.A., excepting those in apple.

Survey on Pesticide Residues in Commercial Agricultural Products in the Northern Area of Seoul(2008) (서울특별시 강북지역 유통 농산물 중 농약잔류실태조사(2008))

  • Seung, Hyun-Jung;Park, Sung-Kyu;Ha, Kwang-Tae;Kim, Ouk-Hee;Choi, Young-Hee;Kim, Si-Jung;Lee, Kyeong-Ah;Jang, Jung-Im;Jo, Han-Bin;Choi, Byung-Hyun
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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    • v.24 no.4
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    • pp.357-367
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    • 2009
  • This study was carried out to investigate the current status of pesticide residues in 3,735 agricultural products in the northern area of Seoul from January to December in 2008. 3,735 samples, comprising 119 types of agricultrural products were assessed via a multiresidue method to detect 260 pesticides. Pesticide residues were detected in 19.7% (737 of 3,735 samples), and the rate at which the detected residues violated the maximum residue levels(MRLs) of the Korean Food Code was 3.2% (121 of 3,735 samples). Pesticide residues were detected in 72 spin-aches, 64 peppers, 45 sweet peppers, 40 perilla leaves, 38 korean cabbages and 37 dried agricultural products. The samples that violated the MRLs included 14 perilla leaves, 13 spinaches, 12 leek, 6 lettuces(leaf), 6 chards and 6 gyeojchaes. Procymidone, endosulfan, chlorfenapyr, cypermethrin, bifenthrin, tebuconazole and fenvalerate were all frequently observed. Procymidone, endosulfan, dimethomorph and diniconazole were the pesticides most frequently detected at levels that violated the Korean Food Code MRLs.

Monitoring on Endocrine Disruptors in Commercial Agricultural Products in the Northern Area of Seoul(2007) (서울 강북지역 유통 농산물의 내분비계장애 추정농약의 잔류실태(2007))

  • Ha, Kwang-Tae;Park, Sung-Kyu;Cho, Tae-Hee;Han, Chang-Ho;Kim, Sung-Dan;Lee, Kyeng-A;Kim, Si-Jung;Jang, Jung-Im;Jo, Han-Bin;Choi, Byung-Hyun
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.136-142
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    • 2009
  • This study was carried out to investigate the current status of suspected endocrine disrupting pesticides among the agricultural products in northern area of Seoul in 2007. 3,026 samples was analyzed by multiresidue method. Detected Pesticide in 11 cases were procymidone, endosulfan, chlorothalonil, chlorpyrifos, cyermethrin, fenvalerate, hexaconazole, carbendazim, pendimethalin, permethrin, parathion and exceeded 7 cases of endosulfan, procymidone, carbendazim, chlorothalonil, chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, fenvalerate in the maximum residue limits(MRLs). Procymidone, endosulfan, chlorothalonil and chlorpyrifos comprised up to 80.5% in detected pesticides. Among the 321 cases of detected agricultural products, 287 cases(89.4%) were vegetables, 25 cases (7.8%) were fruits, Others were 9 cases(2.8%).

The Monitoring for the Effects of Pesticide Exposure on Plasma Components and Nutrient Intakes in Female Agricultural Workers (농촌 여성의 농약 사용에 따른 혈액성분과 영양소 섭취에 관한 연구)

  • Chang, Moon-Jung;Kim, Yeon-Joong;Kim, Woo-Kyung;Lee, Hyun-Sook
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.13-19
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    • 2001
  • Since 1982, female agricultural workers are populous than male in Korea. Previous study was suggested that female workers are more sensitive to the agricultural medicine poisoning than male. This study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the impact on plasma components and nutrient intakes in female agricultural workers by the use of pesticides. Data were obtained from 44 females residing in Wonjoo, Kangwon-do area. Analysis for the general characteristics, nutrient intakes, and plasma components of the subjects were performed by physical examination, 24-hour recall method and venous blood sampling. They were divided into 3 groups according to the degree of the pesticide use: 8 in none(Non-expose group), 14 in low(<4/yr)(Low-expose group), and 22 in high$({\geq}4/yr)$(High-expose group). The results are summarized as follows. Serum glucose, SGOT, SGPT, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol did not correlated with pesticide use and were not different among the groups. But serum total cholesterol was higher in pesticide use group. With increasing the number of pesticide use times, leukocyte count was tended to increased. Eighty two percent of the subjects were hemoglobin less than or equal to 12g/dl. Hematocrit, MCV, MCH, MCHC, serum Fe, Serum ferritin belonged to normal range and did not correlated with pesticide use. Intake of energy, Fe, vitamin $B_2$ were lower than RDA. Fe, K, and vitamin A intake were higher in don't use group than the other groups. There are not many differences according to using the pesticide in anthropometric measurements, nutrient intakes, and blood components, except for serum total cholesterol level and some nutrients intake. But these results suggest the need the systemic researches about the effects the pesticide using on nutritional status in Korean agricultural workers.

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Survey on Pesticide Usage in Paddy Rice for the Establishment of Pesticide Use Indicator (농약사용 지표설정을 위한 수도용 농약사용량 조사분석)

  • Kwon, Oh-Kyung;Hong, Su-Myeong;Choi, Dal-Soon;Seong, Ki-Seog;Ihm, Yang-Bin;Kang, Chung-Kil;Song, Byeong-Hun;Oh, Byung-Youl
    • The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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    • v.4 no.4
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    • pp.35-39
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    • 2000
  • In order to develop the indicators of environmental impact of pesticide, its actual usage in paddy rice was surveyed, and usage trends of individual pesticides were evaluated. The tendency of pesticide use indicated insecticide 43%, herbicide 29%, fungicide 27% and top ranking item in insecticide, herbicide and fungicide was carbofuran, molinate + pyrazosulfuran-ethyl, IBP. The usage statistics of formulation types showed GR>DP>WP>EC>FG>SP. Pesticide usage(a.i.) per hectare was 7.13kg and total usage for paddy rice was estimated at 8,387 M/T. In the result of comparison of fact-usage with pesticide consumption reported in 1998, the fitness was 94.7% for fungicide, 84.3% for insecticide, 77.8% for herbicide. The result of monitoring pesticide residue of unpolished-rice sampled from farm house of survey indicated 0.14 ppm(BPMC), 0.16 ppm(Isoprocarb), 0.17 ppm(Isoprothiolane). In case of rice straw, the residue level was 0.27 ppm(Isoprothiolane), 0.28 ppm(IBP), 0.39 ppm(Carbofuran). The residue levels of pesticides were below MRLs.

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Monitoring and Risk Assessment of Pesticide Residues in Commercial Environment Friendly Fruits and Fruiting Vegetables (유통 친환경 과실류와 과채류 중 농약잔류 실태조사 및 안전성 평가)

  • Lee, Jae Yun;Noh, Hyun Ho;Park, So Hyun;Lee, Kwang Hun;Park, Hyo Kyoung;Hong, Su Myeong;Kim, Doo Ho;Kyung, Kee Sung
    • The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.308-314
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    • 2012
  • In order to monitor the residual pesticides in environment friendly agricultural commodities, fruits and fruiting vegetables. Twenty-five agricultural commodities were collected twice in May and August 2011 from nine environment friendly agricultural commodities-selling supermarkets and retail stores located in eight major cities in Korea. The number of each agricultural commodity collected, 555 samples in total, was 152 organic agricultural products, 202 pesticide-free agricultural products and 201 low-pesticide agricultural products. Pesticide residues in samples were analyzed by multiresidue method for 245 pesticides using a GC-ECD/NPD and an HPLC-DAD/FLD and the peaks suspected as pesticides were identified with a GC/MSD. As a result of pesticide residue analysis, three pesticides, bifenthrin, EPN and chlorpyrifos, were detected from four samples including apple, representing a detection rate of 0.72%. The residue levels of the four pesticide-detected samples were less than their maximum residue limits (MRLs) but one pesticide EPN detected from pear exceeded its legible criterion of one twentieth MRL. Estimated daily intakes of the pesticides detected from fruits and fruiting vegetables were less than 0.76% of their maximum permissible intake.

Development of an Acetylcholinesterase-Based Detection Kit for the Determination of Organophosphorus and Carbamate Pesticide Residues in Agricultural Samples

  • Kim, Bo-Mee;El-Aty, A.M.Abd;Hwang, Tay-Eak;Jin, Li-Tai;Kim, Young-Sig;Shim, Jae-Han
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.28 no.6
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    • pp.929-935
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    • 2007
  • The objective of this study was to develop a rapid, simple, and qualitative acetylcholinesterase (AChE)- detection kit, based on a modification of the Ellman and ELISA methods, for the detection of organophosphorus (OP) and carbamate (CB) pesticide. The developed kits were used to screen a large number of agricultural samples (spiked and real) for OP and CB pesticide residues. AChE was extracted from the heads of honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) using Triton X-100, and was purified through 3 steps: diethylaminoethylcellulose chromatography (DEAE), affinity chromatography and membrane filtering, and Mono-Q column chromatography. Epoxy-activated Sepharose 6B affinity chromatography was used for large-scale purification. The presence of OP and CB pesticide residues in agricultural samples was assayed on the basis of AchE inhibition value. The presence (6 bands) or absence of some colored bands on the test line indicated a negative or positive result, respectively. The limits of detection for measured organophosphorus (OP) and carbamates (CB) pesticide residues in standard pesticide solutions and fortified samples were ranged from 0.50 to 2.50 ppm and 0.50 to 4.75 ppm, respectively.