• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.490-495
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• 2021

Introduction: The risk of experiencing psychiatric symptoms related to the COVID-19 pandemic is high among healthcare workers whose occupations are in public health, emergency medicine, and intensive or critical care. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study aimed to assess the prevalence of fear of COVID-19 among 411 frontline Egyptian physicians during the COVID-19 pandemic; identify determinants and predictors for fear of COVID-19; determine the impact of fear of COVID-19 on job satisfaction; and detect the impact of fear of COVID-19 on turnover intention. Three standardized scales (fear of COVID-19, job satisfaction, and turnover intention scores) were used for data collection via online Google Form. Results: Regarding fear relating to the COVID-19 pandemic, 16.5% of the study subjects were classified as experiencing a severe fear level, while 78.1% experienced a moderate degree. A significant association between the level of fear relating to COVID-19 and the work department. The highest degree of fear is in a general-educational-university facility. Regarding job satisfaction, 42% of those having a severe level of fear are dissatisfied. Fear of COVID-19 is negatively associated with job satisfaction while positively significant correlated with turnover scores, a positive significant predictor of turnover intention. Job satisfaction is negatively associated with turnover intention; a negative significant predictor of turnover intention. Conclusions: Frontline Egyptian physicians reported higher levels of fear relating to the COVID-19 pandemic (moderate to severe). Increased fear levels relating to COVID-19 have a relationship with lower levels of job satisfaction and higher levels of job turnover.

• 기록학연구
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• 제10호
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• pp.324-370
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• 2004

This paper aims to research the historical development of the archival systems in the Soviet Union from 1917 to the 1920's. The Russian revolution was the turning point not only for the political and social changes but for the archival administration in Russia, as it provided the new Soviet regime with the chances to reorganize the archival institutions under Bolshevik rule. However, we must not forget the fact that the Russian Archival Workers' Union had taken part in the organization of the archival systems together with the Bolshevik revolutionaries. The Soviet government intended to transform the decentralized and poorly organized archival systems in the prerevolutionary years into the centralized and bureaucratized ones. In this meaning, the decree signed be V. I. Lenin on 1 June 1918 was estimated as the real basis for the Soviet archival centralization. Lenin's archival decree of 1918 encompassed the entire national documentary legacy, which was gradually extended to all types and categories of manuscripts and archival records by successive legislation. The concept of state proprietorship of all documentary records was designated "Single State Archival Fond"(Edinyi Gosudarstvennyi arkhivnyi fond), which was renamed as "Archival Fond of the Russian Federation" after the collapse of the USSR. The independent state administrative agency, that is, "Main Administration of Archival Affairs"(Glavnoe upravlenie arkhivnym delom) was charged with the management of the entire "Single State Archival Fond". While the Soviet Union reorganized its archival systems in the twenties, the archival institutions became under the severe control of the government. For example, M. N. Pokrovskii, the well-known Marxist historian and the political leader, headed the organizational work of archives in the Soviet Union, which resulted in the exclusion of the prerevolutionary specialists from the archival field in the Soviet Union. However, the discussions over the concept of "the Archival Fond" by B. I. Anfilov helped to develop the archival theories in the USSR in the twenties. In conclusion, the Soviet Union, having emphasized the centralization of the archives, developed its archival systems from the early period, which were the basis of the systematic archival institutions in Russia.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.33-42
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• 2019

이 연구의 목적은 정신장애인 고용경험이 있는 고용주의 고용경험을 깊이 있게 연구하고자 현상학적 연구를 활용하였다. 본 연구 참여자는 고용주 9명이며, 자료수집기간은 2017년 3월부터 2018년 9월까지 심층인터뷰를 통해 자료를 수집하였다. 모든 자료는 녹음하였으며, 자료는 Braun과 Clarke의 방법으로 분석하였다. 분석결과 6개의 주제모음, 12개의 하위주제가 도출되었으며, 다음과 같다. 1) 막연한 걱정에 부딪침, 2) 계속되는 설득으로 혼란스러움, 3) 내 업무의 경계가 흔들림, 4) 팀의 일원이 되어감, 5) 더 나은 정신장애인 근로자를 기대함, 6) 사업체가 단결되어 나아감으로 나타났다. 연구결과는 정신장애인 근로자의 고용확대의 필요성을 제기하였다. 이와 더불어, 정신건강분야는 정신장애인을 고용하는 고용주에게 적절한 서비스를 제공할 수 있는 전문가의 지원이 필요하다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.275-304
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• 2019

Background: Air-purifying, tight-fitting facepieces are examples of respiratory protective equipment and are worn to protect workers from potentially harmful particulate and vapors. Research shows that the presence of facial hair on users' face significantly reduces the efficacy of these devices. This article sets out to establish if an acceptable seal could be achieved between facial hair and the facepiece. The team also created and investigated a low-cost "pressure testing" method for assessing the efficacy of a seal to be used during the early design process for a facepiece designed to overcome the facial hair issue. Methods: Nine new designs for face mask seals were prototyped as flat samples. A researcher developed a test rig, and a test protocol was used to evaluate the efficacy of the new seal designs against facial hair. Six of the seal designs were also tested using a version of the conventional fit test. The results were compared with those of the researcher-developed test to look for a correlation between the two test methods. Results: None of the seals performed any better against facial hair than a typical, commercially available facepiece. The pressure testing method devised by the researchers performed well but was not as robust as the fit factor testing. Conclusion: The results show that sealing against facial hair is extremely problematic unless an excessive force is applied to the facepiece's seal area pushing it against the face. The means of pressure testing devised by the researchers could be seen as a low-cost technique to be used at the early stages of a the design process, before fit testing is viable.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제10권9호
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• pp.179-186
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• 2019

건설 현장의 잠재적 사고 파악은 건설업계의 주요 관심사이며 사고 위험을 줄이기 위한 사전 안전대책이 필요하다. 한국산업안전공단에 따르면 특히, 장비로 인한 안전사고의 사망 비율이 2016년 기준 19.8%로 매우 높은 부분을 차지하고 있다. 4차산업에서 사물인터넷(IoT)은 스마트한 새로운 제조 환경을 제공하고 있다. 그러나 건설 현장에서는 IoT가 광범위하게 적용되지 못하고 있는 실정이다. IoT는 건설사고 관리에 더 정확하고 유용한 정보를 전달하는 운영체계의 구축이 가능하다. 이에 본 연구는 건설 장비로 인한 안전사고를 예방하고 관리할 수 있는 IoT 기반 건설 장비 안전 사고 예방 시스템을 제안한다. 향후 본 시스템의 개선을 통하여 작업자의 안전뿐만 아니라 효율적인 장비와 인력 운용에도 기여할 것으로 판단된다.

• 정보화정책
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.46-61
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• 2019

4차 산업 혁명은 산업도 교육도 대변혁을 예고하고 있다. 본 연구는 부동산 산업을 위한 교육플랫폼 제안연구로써 부동산의 최유효활용을 위해 Smart Space를 구현하는 인재교육을 목적으로 부동산 산업 인재들이 갖추어야 할 기본 RETech(Real Estate Technology)을 학습할 수 있는 SSEP(Smart Space EduPlatform)을 제안하였다. 우선, SSEP의 생태계는 지속가능성이 확보될 수 있는 기부시스템, 콘텐츠 제작도구 및 학습참여도구 등 다양한 기술적 기능, 학습자 교수자 조력자 형태의 자유로운 학습행위체계로 움직인다. 다음으로 SSEP의 서비스는 학습범주 즉, 계획 및 설계, 의사결정, 관리, 경제, 건설, 설비 6개 범주 하에 17개 중요한 RETech 강의학습 서비스와 PBL(Project-Based Learning)기반의 교육과정서비스를 제공한다. 강의서비스는 동영상 학습 콘텐츠, 부가학습자료, 학습관리 서비스가 제공되고 교육과정서비스는 교수자 워크숍, 학습자 모집 및 등록 관리, 교육과정운영 서비스들이 제공된다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.454-461
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• 2018

Background: Working conditions and psychosocial work factors have acquired an important role explaining the well-being and performance of professional drivers, including those working in the field of public transport. This study aimed to examine the association between job strain and the operational performance of public transport drivers and to compare the expositions with psychosocial risk at work of three different types of transport workers: taxi drivers, city bus drivers, and interurban bus drivers. Method: A sample of 780 professional drivers was drawn from three transport companies in Bogota (Colombia). The participants answered the Job Content Questionnaire and a set of sociodemographic and driving performance questions, including age, professional driving experience, work schedules, and accidents and penalties suffered in the last 2 years. Results: Analyses showed significant associations between measures of socio-labor variables and key performance indicators such road traffic accidents and penalties. Furthermore, multiple linear regression analysis contributed to explain significantly suffered accidents from key variables of the Job Demand-Control model, essentially from job strain. In addition, throughout post-hoc analyses, significant differences were found in terms of perceived social support, job strain, and job insecurity. Conclusion: Work stress is an issue that compromises the safety of professional drivers. This research provides evidence supporting a significant effect of job strain on the professional driver's performance. Moreover, the statistically significant differences between taxi drivers, city bus drivers, and interurban bus drivers in their expositions to work-related stress suggest the need for tailored occupational safety interventions on each occupational group.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.273-279
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 건설현장에 설치된 표지판을 측색하여 색기준에 대한 적합성 검토와 현장여건에 적합한 관리 방안을 제시하고자 하였으며, 현장에 설치된 안전표지판은 관련기준에 적합한 정도가 적색 33%, 황색 22%, 청색 3%, 녹색 28%로 나타나 각각의 현장에 설치된 법적인 기준에 대부분 적합하지 않은 것으로 나타났으며, 청색 안전표지판에 대하여 보다 적극적인 제조생산과 관리에 대한 관련기관의 감독이 필요하다.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.95-106
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• 2019

원전 해체를 준비함에 있어 정성적 또는 정량적 위험도 평가는 필수요소이다. 해체 공정간 발생하는 방사선학적 및 비방사선학적 위험요소는 해체 작업자 및 대중의 안전을 보장하기 위해 사전에 평가되어야 한다. 현재 해체 경험이 많은 미국의 기존 사업자들 및 NRC의 경우 위험의 중대성만 평가하는 결정론적 위험도 평가에 집중하고 있다. 하지만 최근 IAEA는 위험도 매트릭스를 활용한 위험도평가를 결정론적 위험도 평가의 대체안으로 제안하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 위험도평가에 앞서 해체 공정 별 해체 활동을 Risk Breakdown Structure에 맞추어 정리하였고, 미국 20여개 해체 원전에서 해체 공정별 위험도 평가 시행 중 선정한 해체 활동간 잠재적 사고를 해체 활동에 맞게 체계적으로 정리하였다. 그리고 복합 리스크 매트릭스를 개발 및 활용하여 해체 공정간 방사선학적 및 비방사선학적 위험요소의 위험도를 평가하여 정량적으로 수치화 하였다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2019

Background: Despite growing concern over occupational exposure to particulate matter (PM) such as grain dust and diesel exhaust, information about the exposure level and health implications among workers in small-scale milling enterprises in developing countries like Nigeria has not been adequately documented. The purpose of this study was to assess the level of exposure to grain dust and diesel exhaust and effect on lung function among grain millers in food markets in Ibadan metropolis, Nigeria. Methods: The study adopted descriptive cross-sectional design with a comparative approach. Sixteen grain milling shops each were randomly selected from two major food markets in Ibadan metropolis for indoor $PM_{10}$ and $PM_{2.5}$ monitoring. Seventy-two respondents each were proportionately selected from grain millers and shop owners for forced expiratory volume in one second and peak expiratory flow rate tests. Results: The $PM_{2.5}$ concentrations for both market locations ranged between 1,269.3 and $651.7{\mu}g/m^3$, while $PM_{10}$ concentrations were between 1,048.2 and $818.1{\mu}g/m^3$. The recorded concentrations exceeded the World Health Organization guideline limit of $50{\mu}g/m^3$ and $25{\mu}g/m^3$ for $PM_{2.5}$ and $PM_{10}$, respectively. As compared with control group (2.1 L), significantly lower forced expiratory volume in one second value (1.61 L) was observed among the exposed group (p < 0.05). Likewise, significantly lower peak expiratory flow rate value (186.7 L/min) was recorded among the exposed group than the control group (269.51 L/min) (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Exposure to grain dust and diesel exhaust accentuated respiratory disorders with declines in lung functions amongst grain millers. Improved milling practices and engaging cleaner milling facilities should be adopted to minimize exposure and related hazards.