• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.481-492
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of treadmill exercise on cerebellar astrocyte activation and purkinje cells, neurotrophic factors expression, and motor function in aged rats. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were used and divided into three groups; (1) Young Control Group (YCG; 3months aged, n=10); (2) Old Control Group; (OCG; 24months aged, n=10); (3) Old Exercise Group (OEG; 24months aged, n=10). Rats were then subjected to treadmill exercise for 5 days per week for 12 weeks during which time the speed of the treadmill was gradually increased. The results revealed that in the rota-rod test, motor function was significantly increased in the OEG compared to the OCG (p<.05), and similarly YCG. Number of calbindin-positive purkinje cell expression significantly increased in the cerebellar vermis of OEG compared to the OCG (p<.05), and similarly YCG. GFAP-, NMDAR-positive cell expression significantly increased in the OEG (respectively p<.001), GFAP and GLAST protein levels were significantly increased in the cerebellum of OEG compared to the OCG (p<.05, p<.001) and similarly YCG. BDNF and NGF protein levels were highest in the YCG, increased in the OEG compared to OCG (p<.001, p<.05). These result show that regular exercise not only improved astrocyte activation, but also increased purkinje cell expression in the cerebellum and motor function by increasing the neurotrophic factors in aged rats.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.284-292
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• 2006

Purpose; This study was aimed to identify the effect of foot reflexology massage on climacteric symptom, fatigue and physiologic parameters of middle-aged women. Method; A non-equivalent pretest-posttest experimental design was used. Participants were recruited from the Community Health Center in Busan, Korea. Forty participants were assigned to either an experimental group(20) or a control group(20). Foot reflexology massage was administered twice a week for 6 weeks in the participant in experimental group. Results: There were statistically significant differences in climacteric symptom, fatigue, total cholesterol and cortisol level. However, there were no statistically significant differences in triglyceride, high density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein. Conclusion; These results suggest that foot reflexology massage could be utilized as an effective nursing intervention to reduce climacteric symptom and fatigue in middle-aged women.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.539-548
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of supplemental vitamin D on the physiological indices, muscle mass, and physical functions of aged women. Methods: A non-equivalent pretest-posttest design was used. The participants were 65 elderly women with low serum vitamin D levels. This study was conducted for 12 weeks. The experimental group (n=34) received vitamin D and regular exercise whereas the control group (n=31) received only regular exercise. The data were analyzed by the IBM PASW Statistics (SPSS) 19.0 program. Results: Serum vitamin D (U=0.00, p<.001), parathyroid hormone (U=99.50, p<.001) and calcium (U=250.50, p<.001) levels were significantly increased in the experimental group after the intervention. The experimental group showed significantly increased scores of muscle mass, strength, physical balance, and gait compared to those of the control group. Conclusion: Vitamin D supplementation improved physiological indices, muscle mass, and physical functions. In addition, this program may help to prevent disorders of the musculoskeletal system in aged women.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.33-42
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• 2020

PURPOSE: This study examined the effects of a whole body vibration-exercise program on the muscle strength, balance, and falling efficacy of super-aged women. METHODS: Thirty participants, who are over 75 years of age, were recruited. They were assigned randomly to an experimental group (n=15), which received whole body vibration exercise, and a control group (n=15), which received an exercise program that did not include vibration. The interventions lasted for four weeks, three times a day, and 25 minutes per session. To compare the effects of the intervention, a 30-second chair stand test (CST), Korean version of Berg balance scale (K-BBS), functional reach test (FRT), timed up and go test (TUG), and Korean version of the falls efficacy scale (K-FES) was used. RESULTS: The experimental group showed a significant increase (p.<05) before and after the intervention in the chair stand test (CST), Korean version of the Berg balance scale (K-BBS), functional reach test (FRT), timed up-and-go (TUG), and Korean version of the fall efficacy scale (K-FES). Compared to the control group, the experiment group showed a more significant increase (p.<05) in the CST, K-BBS, and FRT. CONCLUSION: A whole body vibration exercise program could be suggested as an effective intervention method for muscle and balance strengthening for super-aged women.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.327-337
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in anthropometric, hematologic, and lipidologic data between normocholesterolemia and hypercholesterolemia and influencing factors in hypercholesterolemia in middle-aged men in Kwang-ju. 179 middle-aged men were involved. Anthropometric data(body weight, height, body circumferences and skinfold thickness) and hematologic data(blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, albumin and hemoglobin) were measured. Bleed lipid profile(total cholesterol, tr- iglyceride, phospholipid, HDI-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and VLDL-cholesterol) were analyzed. To determined using questionnaire. The subjects were classified as hypercholesterolemic based on The Guideline for Korean Hyperlipidemia. body mass index, systolic blood pressure, waist and hip circumference, and triceps, subcostal, abdomen, subscapular and suprailliac skinfold thicknesses of the hypercholesterolemic group were significantly higher than in the normocholesterolemic group. The concentrat- ion of cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipod. HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and VLDL -cholesterol of the hypercholesterolemic group were significantly higher than normocholesterolemic group. The concentration of cholesterol has a significantly positive correlation with body mass index, diastolic blood pressure, waist circumference, waist/thigh ratio and skinfold thickness(triceps, subcostal, abdomen, and supraillic skin- fold thickness). The general tendency of socioeconomec status, frequencyu of meat intake, smoking amounts and duration and duration and drinking frequencies and amount were higher in the hypercholesteolemic group but not significant. In conclusion, hypercholesterolemia in middle-aged men was closely correlated with upper body fat obesity and most of them had an accompanied high triglyceride level tendency.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.912-921
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• 2008

This study was performed to examine if the effects of collagen supplementation from pork skin could improve the sex steroid hormone, serum lipid and skin crack in Korean middle-aged women. Middle-aged women (40-55 years) who were not diagnosed with any type of disease were included in this study and thirty subjects were randomly assigned to a control group (n = 15) or a collagen supplemented group (n = 15). The collagen supplemented group ingested collagen flour 2 g, 3 times a day for 12 weeks. We measured serum collagen, estrogen, estradiol, estriol, progesterone, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentration. The collagen supplementation group had significantly increased serum collagen (p < 0.05) compared with the control group. In addition, skin crack was improved. But, there were no differences for sex steroid hormone and lipid profile in control and collagen supplemented groups. The result of the present study demonstrated that supplementation of 6 g collagen per day for 12 weeks can give beneficial effects on skin crack reduction and serum collagen concentration.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.159-168
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of 12 weeks of Tai Chi exercise on physical function, stress and depression in middle aged women with osteoarthritis. Method: The research design was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Forty two participants were assigned to either the experimental group (21) or control group (21). Frequency, percentages, mean, standard deviations, $X^2$-test, Wilcoxon rank sum test and repeated measured ANOVA with SPSS 12.0/PC program were used to analyzed the collected data. Results: For physical function the physical fitness of the experimental group improved significantly more than the control group: Leg strength, balance, flexibility and grip strength. Difficulty of performing activity had a tendency of decrease. Stress showed a tendency of as time passed but the decrease was not significant. Depression decreased and the change was significant. Conclusion: The Tai Chi exercise was effective in improving physical function and reducing the stress and depression of middle aged women with osteoarthritis. Therefore the Tai Chi exercise could be used as a nursing intervention for osteoarthritis in middle aged women.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.78-87
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• 2013

Purpose: This study has investigated experience of middle aged women who attended a self help group to overcome midlife crisis. Methods: To analyze types of experience that middle aged women attending the self help group went through to overcome midlife crisis, Q-methodology has been used. The 32 selected Q-samples from each of 27 subjects were classified into a shape of normal distribution using a 9-point scale. The collected data were analyzed using a QUANL PC program. The 38 selected Q-samples from each of 27 subjects were classified into a shape of normal distribution using a 9-point scale. The collected data were analyzed using a QUANL PC program. Results: The types of experience were classified into four categories; Type I (attempt to change), Type II (devoted to my role), Type III (tolerance and acceptance) and Type IV (role as a senior citizen). Conclusion: This study is significant in that it has attempted to analyze the approach and usefulness of a self-help group program. It is suggestive that a local society support group may be necessary to help people with midlife crisis and further studies for nursing intervention and strategic development are required.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.280-290
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to understand the relation among health condition of physicalness, psychology and society, family support, and self-integration in age group of old people and to analysis if there are any mediated effect of family support in relationship between health condition and self-integration. For that, the survey was conducted people aged 65 or older living in B city. First, the levels of heath condition of physicalness, psychology and society, and self-integration in 'old people aged between 65 and 74' were high, the level was getting lower in the oldest aged. Second, for the aged groups between 65 and 74, and aged group between 75 and 84, health condition of society and psychology influenced meaningfully with a factor of self-integration, and for the people aged 85 or older, health condition of society and psychology influenced meaningfully. Third, all aged groups had the mediated effect of family support through self-integration in heath condition. Therefore, health promotion for the elderly age group according to a variety of family support intervention and self-integrated sense of improvement in the system by age category providing differentiated services and social assistance strategy is necessary.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.13-22
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare health promotion behavior and influencing factors between aged women of rural areas and urban areas, to investigate factors affecting their behavior, and to provide the primary data for developing heath enhancing program that is appropriate for the population. Method: A survey was conducted on 221 aged women 100 from urban areas and 121 from rural area. The data were collected through a questionnaire and interview. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA and multiple stepwise regression were found by using SPSS PC Win. Package. Result: There were significant difference of factors relating health promotion behavior in Pender model between the aged women in urban areas and rural areas, urban women showed higher scores in factors such as previous heath relating behavior, perceived confidence, self-efficacy, social support, satisfaction with marriage, situational influence, and behavioral plan involvement, while rural women showed higher scores in the factors of fixed idea regarding gender role, perceived disabled feeling, and activity related emotions. At the subscale of HPLP, interpersonal relation, nutrition, health responsibility, stress management, spiritual growth of rural group was lower than urban group. With the multiple stepwise regression analysis, commitment to a plan of action, social support, activity related affect, self efficacy were proved to be significant to urban group, while commitment to a plan of action. activity related affect, social support, sex-role stereotype were proved to be significant to rural group statistically. Conclusion: There were differences of health promotion behavior and influencing factors between aged women in urban areas and rural areas and women in rural areas were found to have more weakness than women in urban areas. With the results, it is concluded that health promotion programs for aged woman should be designed differently between urban and rural area regarding the factors affecting health promotion behaviors.