• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.162-168
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• 2006

목 적: 자궁 내에서 태아의 소화기는 무균상태에 있다가 출생 후 신생아기에 점차 장내세균의 집락화가 이루어진다. 출생 초기에 처음으로 나타나는 세균은 Staphylococcus, Enterobacteriaceae, Streptococcus가 있으며, 이후 Bifidobacterium spp.와 같은 혐기성 세균이 나타난다. 이에 저자들은 정상 신생아의 대변에서 생후 1주일 동안 장내세균총의 분포와 변화를 규명하고자 하였다. 방 법: 한림의대 강동성심병원에서 출생한 정상 신생아 15명(자연분만 3명, 제왕절개 12명)(모유수유 1명, 분유수유 8명, 혼합수유 6명)을 대상으로 하였다. 출생 첫 대변과 1일, 3일, 7일째의 대변을 채취하였다. 대변 배양 배지와 조건를 달리하여 호기성균(blood agar plate), E. coli (trypton bile X-glucuronide 배지), 그람 양성 혐기성균(phenylethyl alcohol agar), lactobacillus (MRS 배지), Bifidobacterium spp. (bifidobacterium selective agar), Clostridium difficile (cefoxitincycloserine-fructose agar)을 검출하여 배양된 균 집락의 수를 측정하여 기록하였다. 결 과: 출생 첫 대변에서는 균이 거의 검출되지 않았다. 호기성균, E. coli, 그람 양성 혐기성균은 출생 시부터 생후 7일까지 유의하게 증가하였다(p<0.05). Lactobacilli는 한명의 신생아에서 생후 7일에 검출되었다. Bifidobacterium spp.은 2명에서 검출되었다. Clostridium difficile은 생후 7일까지 검출되지 않았다. 분만 방법과 수유 방법에 따른 균 집락의 차이는 없었다. 결 론: 정상 신생아에서 생후 1주일 동안 장내세균총의 다양한 변화를 관찰할 수 있었다. 앞으로 생후 1주일 이후의 장내세균총의 변화와 더 많은 환아에서의 연구를 진행한다면 생균제 사용에 도움이 되리라 생각된다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.296-306
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• 1996

The ultimate aim of this study is to find high-fiber sources among Korean common foods and to develop a high-fiber supplement which can be useful in the therapeutic diet for the diabetic patients. For this purpose the effect of four kinds of seaweeds(mixture of purple laver & sea lettuce : MPS, sea tanle : ST, sea mustard : SM, agar agar : AA) on the glucose and lipid mtabolism were examined. Seven groups of normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were fed dietary fiber-free control diet or one of experimental diets containing 7% of one of four seaweeds for six weeks. The effects of seaweeds were campared with the effects of fiber-free diet or pectin diet. ST, SM, and AA showed a tendency of improving glucose tolerance improvement by those seaweeds, however, was less than that by pectin. MPS was found to possess a serum cholesterol-lowering effect which is comparable to that of pectin. All the supplementations of seaweeds induced significant increase in fecal steroids excretion. The amounts of fecal cholesterol excretion follwing in feeding of MPS and SM were as high as the level cause by pectin. The excretion of bile acids in the MPS group was much higher than that in the pectin group. Based on its effects of alleviating the diabetic symptoms in the previous study and of improving the glucose tolerance, sea mustard seems to have a benefical effect on glucose metabolism. The serum cholesterol-lowering effect of MPS possibly due to the significant increase in fecal steroids excretion suggests that MPS may be effective in improving abnormalities of lipid metabolism. Therefore, sea tangle and mixture of purple laver & sea lettuce seem to be promising as an effective source of high-fiber supplement for the diabetic patients.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.619-623
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• 1991

Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis ML8(L.lactis ML8)의 nisin 생산과 저항 특성을 구명하기 위하여 배지의 종류 및 pH가 nisin의 역가에 미치는 영향, 균체의 생육에 따른 nisin의 생산특성, nisin이 균체생육에 미치는 영향 및 $Ca^[2+}$ 이온의 존재가 균주의 nisin 저항성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. Nisin의 역가를 Micrococcus flacus에 대하여 항생효과를 나타내는 성질을 이용하여 agar diffusion법으로 측정하였을 때, M.flavus 생육에 대한 저해직경은 nisin 농도 (0.5`20 unit/ml)의 log치에 비례하였다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.408-414
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• 2013

In order to obtain functional materials from aloe callus, we cultured Aloe vera L. leaf on MS medium added 0.2 mg/L IAA, 0.3 mg/L kinetin and 100 mg/L grape or/and apple juice for 30 days. While a callus differentiation during callus culture did not show, the cultured leaves were uniquely released extracellular material into the agar plate. After cultivation for 18 days, the cultured leaf and agar were harvested for extraction a functional material. The materials extracted were measured on the amount of total phenols, flavonoids and polysaccharides and determined on the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. In result, callus extracts of additive free (CT) and added apple juice (2T) had more amount of phenol compound ($659{\mu}g/mL$, $533{\mu}g/mL$) and flavonoid ($580{\mu}g/mL$, $501{\mu}g/mL$) than natural leaf (p: $525{\mu}g/mL$, f: $301{\mu}g/mL$). However, the extract of natural leaf had the better effect of lipid peroxidation and polysaccharide content than the culture extract. All samples extracted had same effect on the nitrite scavenging activity. On the other hand, only 2T extract showed excellent 72% nitric oxide scavenging activity. The agar extract was also confirmed to contain polyphenol compound and polysaccharide content that had antioxidant and antimicrobial activity partly.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 1999

고추 역병균에 대한 Pseudomonas속 및 Bacillus속 길항미생물을 역병균과 동일한 서식처인 근권에서 분리하고자 4지역의 고추재배지에서 건전고추의 근권토양을 채취하여 선택배지를 사용하여 분리하였다. Pseudomonas속 237개 Bacillus속 260개 총 497개 균주중 327개 균주는 역병균에 대해 거의 활성이 없거나 역병균의 균사생장을 20$\%$ 이하로 억제시켰으나, Pseudomonas속 8균주와 Bacillus속 4균주는 50%이상 역병균의 균사생장을 억제시켰다. 이들 균주의 활성은 V-8 juice agar보다 TSA에서 높았으며, TSA에서 역병균의 균사생장을 60$\%$ 이상 억제시키는 균주를 선발하여 API system을 사용하여 P. cepacia (P0704, P1201), B. polymyxa (B1101) 및 B. subtilis (B1901)로 동정하였다. 이들 균주의 배양여액은 고추역병균의 유주자발아 및 균사생장을 억제시켜 항균성물질을 생성분비하는 균주로 판단되었다. 고추 역병발생 억제효과를 조사한 결과 P0704가 46.7$\%$ 로 가장 높았으며, 나머지 균주는 26.7$\%$ 에서 13.4$\%$ 로 나타났다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.189-196
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• 2009

Bacteria were isolated from roots of plants belonging to family Solanaceae and Gramineae, inhabited in Dokdo island. Fifty six endospore-forming bacteria grown on tryptic soy broth (TSB) agar medium and 23 nitrogen-fixing bacteria (NFB) grown on nitrogen free agar medium were isolated, respectively. The isolates were partially identified by analyzing the 16S rDNA and categorized into phylogenetic groups. The 16S rDNA sequences of each identified isolates were compared with sequences of each type strains to analyze phylogenetic relationship by phylogenetic tree. As a result, endospore-forming bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria were classified into 4 and 6 lineage groups, respectively. Among these isolated, 18 were presumed to be novel species candidates based on the similarity (lower than 98%) analysis of the l6S rDNA sequences.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.276-283
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• 2015

Hydrocolloids have many applications in foods including their use in dysphagia diets. We aimed to evaluate whether hydrocolloids in foods affect the digestibility of starch and protein, and their effects on antioxidant capacity. The thickening hydrocolloids: locust bean gum and carboxymethyl cellulose, and the gel-forming agents: agar agar, konjacglucomannan, and Hot & Soft Plus were blended with corn starch and soy protein, skim milk, or grape juice and were examined for their in vitro-digestability by comparing the reducing sugar and trichloroacetic acid (TCA)-soluble peptide, for antioxidant capacity by total polyphenol contents and the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity. The hydrocolloids resulted in a decrease in starch digestibility with the gel-forming agents. Hydrocolloids diminished TCA-soluble peptides in skim milk compared to soy protein with the exception of locust bean gum and decreased free radical scavenging capacities and total phenolic contents in grape juice. Our findings may provide evidence for the use of hydrocolloids for people at risk of nutritional deficiencies such as dysphagia patients.

• Ocean Science Journal
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.165-170
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• 2007

The structure of the nematodes communities has been studied in the sediments on two sites located outside and under the layer of Ahnfeltia tobuchiensis (Kanno and Matsubara 1932; Makijenko 1970). Bottom sediments at the stations were represented by sands with a different degree of silting. Specific structure of nematodes at the stations was significantly different under the similar environmental conditions (water depth, dissolved oxygen saturation, salinity, temperature of the bottom layer and organic carbon content inside of the sediment). Nematodes dominated (75.7 %) in meiobenthos community under the layer of A. tobuchiensis where concentration of silt particles was 12 %. Representatives of the family Comesomatidae were dominant. Low index of species diversity and high Simpson domination index were detected in this community. Under a layer of A. tobuchiensis with the thickness of 30 cm concentration of the silt particles was 5.39 %; nematodes density was low and made 32.1 % of the general density of meiobenthos. Species of the families Xyalidae and Monoposthiidae were dominant. Outside of A. tobuchiensis, field percentage of silt particles was minimal (3.1 %) and representatives of families Cyatholaimidae and Axonolaimidae dominated. The specific structure of nematodes in this type of the ground is characterized by high index of species diversity and low level of domination.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.377-381
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• 2006

A study was carried out to determine a suitable light intensity and inoculum size for the growth of Rhodopseudomonas palustris strain B1. The pollution reduction of sago effluent using free and immobilised R. palustris cells was also evaluated. The growth rate in glutamatemalate medium was highest at 4 klux compared to 2.5 and 3 klux. The optimal inoculum size was 10% (v/v). Both the COD and BOD of the sago effluent were reduced by 67% after three days of treatment. The difference in biomass production or BOD and COD removal with higher inoculum sizes of 15 and 20% was minimal. This could be attributed to limited nutrient availability in the substrate. The use of immobilised cells of R. palustris reduced the pollution load 10% less compared to pollution reduction by free cells. Hence, there was no significant difference in using free or immobilised cells for the treatment of sago effluent.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2014

본 연구는 '녹색 꽃잎 도라지'의 기내배양 시 배지구성물질의 적정농도 구명에 의한 대량번식을 목적으로 실시하였다. '녹색 꽃잎 도라지'의 절을 배양재료로 배양조건은 MS배지의 여러가지 구성물질의 농도를 달리한 결과, 1/4MS 배지에서 가장 양호한 부정근의 형성을 보였으나 생장은 1/2MS배지에서 좋았다. Sucrose첨가는 농도가 높을수록 신초와 부정근의 형성 및 생장이 좋았다. 활성탄은 무첨가구에서 가장 많은 부정근의 형성과 양호한 생장을 보였다. 배지의 pH는 4.8로 조절된 배지에서 가장 많은 부정근을 형성하였으며, pH가 높아질수록 그 형성은 낮아지는 경향을 보였고, 부정근과 신초의 생장 또한 pH 4.8에서 가장 왕성하였다. Agar 농도별 실험에서 부정근의 형성과 생장은 그 농도가 낮아질수록 양호한 경향을 보여 가장 낮은 첨가구인 0.4% 농도구에서 가장 많은 부정근의 형성과 왕성한 생장을 보였다. 생장조절제를 혼용 첨가한 경우 신초의 형성은 BA와 IAA의 혼용구가 kinetin과 IAA 또는 NAA 혼용구에 비해 효과적이었으며, BA 0.1 mg/L와 IAA 0.5 mg/L 혼용구에서 절편체당 3.9개로 가장 많은 신초가 형성되었다.