• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• v.13 no.6
• /
• pp.1065-1094
• /
• 2014

Civil engineers always face the challenge of uncertainty in planning, building, and maintaining infrastructure. These works rely heavily on a variety of surveying and monitoring techniques. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are an effective approach to obtain information from an additional view, and potentially bring significant benefits to civil engineering. This paper gives an overview of the state of UAV developments and their possible applications in civil engineering. The paper begins with an introduction to UAV hardware, software, and control methodologies. It also reviews the latest developments in technologies related to UAVs, such as control theories, navigation methods, and image processing. Finally, the paper concludes with a summary of the potential applications of UAV to seismic risk assessment, transportation, disaster response, construction management, surveying and mapping, and flood monitoring and assessment.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.42 no.2
• /
• pp.187-194
• /
• 2011

Aldose reductase (AR), the key enzyme in the polyol pathway, plays an important role in the development of the diabetic complications. None of Aldose reductase Inhibitor (ARI) has achieved worldwide use because of limited efficacy or undesirable side effects. Therefore, evaluating natural sources for ARI potential may lead to the development of safer and more effective agents against diabetic complications. Fifty two Chinese herbal medicines have been investigated for inhibitory activities on AR. Among them, twelve herbal medicines, Artemisia anomala (aerial part), Centella asiatica (aerial part), Scutellaria baicalensis (root), Senecio chrysanthermoides (whole plant), Gleditsia japonica (twig), Zizyphus jujube (twig, leaf), Citrus aurantium (fruit), Hydnocarpus anthelmintica (fruit), Potaninia mongolica (aerial part), Tribulus terrestris (fruit), Artemisia apiacea (aerial part) and Eclipta prostrate (aerial part) exhibited a significant inhibitory activity against AR. Particularly, Artemisia anomala, Centella asiatica and Scutellaria baicalensis showed four times more potent inhibitory activity than the positive control, 3,3-tetramethyleneglutaric acid (TMG).

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• v.41 no.4
• /
• pp.114-119
• /
• 2017

This study tried to analyze error range and resolution of drone images using a rotary wing by comparing them with field measurement results and to analyze stands patterns in actual vegetation map preparation by comparing drone images with aerial images provided by National Geographic Information Institute of Korea. A total of 11 ground control points (GCPs) were selected in the area, and coordinates of the points were identified. In the analysis of aerial images taken by a drone, error per pixel was analyzed to be 0.284 cm. Also, digital elevation model (DEM), digital surface model (DSM), and orthomosaic image were abstracted. When drone images were comparatively analyzed with coordinates of ground control points (GCPs), root mean square error (RMSE) was analyzed as 2.36, 1.37, and 5.15 m in the direction of X, Y, and Z. Because of this error, there were some differences in locations between images edited after field measurement and images edited without field measurement. Also, drone images taken in the stream and the forest and 51 and 25 cm resolution aerial images provided by the National Geographic Information Institute of Korea were compared to identify stands patterns. To have a standard to classify polygons according to each aerial image, image analysis software (eCognition) was used. As a result, it was analyzed that drone images made more precise polygons than 51 and 25 cm resolution images provided by the National Geographic Information Institute of Korea. Therefore, if we utilize drones appropriately according to characteristics of subject, we can have advantages in vegetation change survey and general monitoring survey as it can acquire detailed information and can take images continuously.

• Spatial Information Research
• /
• v.19 no.6
• /
• pp.67-74
• /
• 2011

This study attempts to establish sewerage underground facility map using aerial photograph with high readability and accessibility as an alternative of digital map and compilation cadastral map. A study on utility and consistency of established sewerage underground facility map in line with the current continuous cadastral map of underground facility was carried out. If underground facility map is established and utilized by converging digital image and compilation cadastral map, various spatial information analysis and systematic and integrated information utilization is available. The drawing of underground facility map using aerial photograph in this highly information-oriented society shall play a role in basic map for integrated control as an alternative of problems in the current drawing and designs created and managed by controlling institutions. In addition, the information of sewerage underground facility map using aerial photograph shall be used for establishing systematized urban planning and control.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
• /
• v.21 no.6
• /
• pp.23-28
• /
• 2021

The article discusses the features of adaptation of the parameters of the physical layer of data transmission in self-organizing networks based on unmanned aerial vehicles operating in the conditions of "smart cities". The concept of cities of this type is defined, the historical path of formation, the current state and prospects for further development in the aspect of transition to "smart cities" of the third generation are shown. Cities of this type are aimed at providing more comfortable and safe living conditions for citizens and autonomous automated work of all components of the urban economy. The perspective of the development of urban mobile automated technical means of infocommunications is shown, one of the leading directions of which is the creation and active use of wireless self-organizing networks based on unmanned aerial vehicles. The advantages of using small-sized unmanned aerial vehicles for organizing networks of this type are considered, as well as the range of tasks to be solved in the conditions of modern "smart cities". It is shown that for the transition to self-organizing networks in the conditions of "smart cities" of the third generation, it is necessary to ensure the adaptation of various levels of OSI network models to dynamically changing operating conditions, which is especially important for the physical layer. To maintain an acceptable level of the value of the bit error probability when transmitting command and telemetry data, it is proposed to adaptively change the coding rate depending on the signal-to-noise ratio at the receiver input (or on the number of channel decoder errors), and when transmitting payload data, it is also proposed to adaptively change the coding rate together with the choice of modulation methods that differ in energy and spectral efficiency. As options for the practical implementation of these solutions, it is proposed to use an approach based on the principles of neuro-fuzzy control, for which examples of determining the boundaries of theoretically achievable efficiency are given.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2004.08a
• /
• pp.52-56
• /
• 2004

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are remotely piloted or self-piloted aircraft by inputted program in advance or artificial intelligence. In this study Aileron and Elevator are used to control the movement of airplane for horizontal and vertical flights about its longitudinal and lateral axis. In an introduction, the drone was linearly modeled by extracting aerodynamic parameter through flight test and simulation, lift and drag coefficient corresponding to angle of attack, changes of pitching moment coefficient. In the main subject, the flight simulation was performed after constructing hardware using TMS320F2812 from TI company and PID with lateral and longitudinal controller for horizontal and vertical flights. Flying characteristics of two system were estimated and compared through real flight test with hardware equipped algorithm and adaptive algorithm that was applied to consider external factors such as turbulence. In conclusion the control performance of the controller with proposed algorithm was streamlined at lateral and longitudinal controller respectively, we will discuss guidance command to pass way point.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.26-33
• /
• 2014

This study addresses the control problem of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) during the transition period when the flying mode changes from hovering to translational motion in the horizontal plane. First, we introduce a compensation algorithm that improves height stabilization and reduces altitude drop. The main principle is to incorporate pitch and roll measurements into the feedforward term of the altitude controller to provide a larger thrust force. To further improve altitude control, we propose the fuzzy logic controller that improves system behavior. Simulation results presented in the paper highlight the effectiveness of the proposed controllers.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
• /
• v.3 no.4
• /
• pp.11-18
• /
• 2009

This paper is about EO sensor module control based on the image processing. The main purpose of this research is acquiring a latitude and longitude of the target located on the ground by using image processing. For image processing, OpenCV is employed which is a computer vision library originally developed by Intel, and ATmega128 is used for the EO sensor module control. This task also involves realization of control programs and acquisition of sensor view angle for the position of the target.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
• /
• v.32 no.4_1
• /
• pp.293-298
• /
• 2014

Recently, the direct georeferencing has been becoming a common method in the aerial photogrammetry. As this direct georeferencing method using converged sensor of the digital photogrammetry camera and GPS(Global Positioning System)/INS(Inertial navaigation System), more rapid and accurate aerial photogrammetry has improved following advanced performance in photogrammetry. Since the accuracy of EO parameters from the direct georeferencing is determined by GPS/INS accuracy, it is significant to calculate the exact attitude information using values of INS rotations. For following calculations, the misalignment, such as INS rotation and the gap of GPS/INS, has to be decided. Because the number of ground control points are used for tirangulation and boresight calibration, those results should be different according to array and location of ground control points. In the study, those location and array of ground control points were tested to be used boresight calibration. As a result, there is no significant change of misalignment and exterior orienation parameters in the case when ground control points were at all course. On the contrarily, the difference has been shown in the case of no ground control point at course.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
• /
• v.21 no.5
• /
• pp.380-390
• /
• 2009

This study was conducted as a part of investigating pre-reclamation shorelines from aerial photographs to estimate coastal land area at reclaimed lands (Anjeong industrial complex, Myeongji residental complex, and Noksan industrial complex), southeastern coast of Korea. To assess how the shorelines were suitable for the calculation of coastal lands, we constructed shoreline change data. Secondary ground control points were used to accomplish triangulation for old aerial photographs. Two kinds of shorelines were mapped; one was the shoreline based on approximately highest high water level (AHHWL) and the other was the high water line based on wet/dry signiture. These shorelines were consistent at artificial coast. Shoreline change data were built with a variety of levels of error due to detailed differences in the photograph scale, quality of image, type of ground control point and type of shoreline. Thus assessment of the pre-reclamation shorelines at the level of qualitative analysis for the trend of shoreline changes was satisfactory. Most of shoreline changes before reclamation in this study were associated with coastal development. Investigation of shoreline attributes in relation to aerial photographs allowed us to understand the shoreline changes.