• Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
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• 1997.06a
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• pp.21-35
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• 1997

As environmental regulations become more stringent, water, used either as drinking water or as industrial process water, becomes increasingly better in its quality. As a result, an increasingly more advanced water treatment technology is required. It is believed that membrane technology will be able to satisfy such a requirement. The heart of the membrane technology is membrane. The advancement in water treatment technology using membranes, therefore, depends on the development of novel membranes which are superior in performance to the currently available membranes. In this paper, a brief review will be made how the recent progress in surface science, such as surface modification and surface characterization, has aided to improve the performance of the membranes used for water treatment. Some suggestions will also be made regarding the future direction of the research in this area.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.591-597
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• 2013

The input emergy of an advanced treatment plant for reducing the 1 kg of TN and TP was estimated 4.14E+14 sej/kg, 5.02E+15 sej/kg, respectively. In addition, the input emergy of constructed wetland for reduction of the 1 kg of TN and TP reduction was estimated to be 2.48E+14 sej/kg, 3.38E+15 sej/kg, respectively. The cost reducing 1 kg of TN and TP for an advanced treatment plant was estimated 197,466 won and 2,388,739 won respectively and constructed wetland was estimated 117,976 won and 1,609,213 won respectively. As a result, All of the emergy source of constructed wetland for reducing non-point source is renewable resource. If we use the constructed wetland, it results in enhancing economic value by reducing of non-point pollution, controlling a flood and providing the habitat of animals or plants. Improving water quality program in the Nakdong River Basin should be changed into an ecological treatment facilities from expansion of the sewage treatment facilities and advanced treatment plant using high cost and non-renewable energies.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.54-60
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• 2015

There are 5 purification plants with the adopted advanced water purification treatment process in Korea. Annual operating costs were 8,990 million won including purchase cost of oxygen and power usage charges. We need research to optimize, in the future, when considering the direction of domestic water treatment continues to adopt advanced water treatment process. In this paper, calculate the optimal operating costs by injected the oxygen gas, used power cost. approximately 25% of the operating costs can be reduced when injected the ozone gas is 1.0ppm than 2.0ppm, the necessary amount of oxygen is increased then power is lower. so operating costs are decided according to oxygen costs. On the other hand, high ozone concentration 2.0ppm, the necessary power is increased then amount of oxygen is lower. Therefore, in the case of G purification plant, the controlling factor of the input ozone concentration 2ppm, PID control operation by setting the concentration of over 10Wt% is efficient. The installed capacity is the more little the more better when considering on Ozone injection rate in the process of water treatment.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.94-104
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• 1997

Ozone Treatment is getting a common process in a water treatment plant all over the nation. Especially an advanced water treatment using ozone and biofiltration has been a typical method in the regions where using the Nak-Dong River as a drinking water source. The effectiveness of ozone treatment in a continuous flow contact system was investigated with sand filtered water of the Nak-dong River. Pilot tests of the experiments were performed three times of the year like June, August, and October 1995. Most degradable organics of sand filtered water were oxidized in the first and second contact chamber of the system. Ozone treatment was effective for the removal of UV254 absorbance. However, Noticeable removals of $KMnO_4$ demand and TOC(Total Organic Carbon) were occurred when their concentrations exceeded about 5mg/l. The organics causing $KMnO_4$ demand and TOC were degraded into lower molecular matter in an early stage of the ozone contact in the system. Dissolved oxygen concentration was increased after ozone treatment.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.1082-1087
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• 2006

BAC backwashing process in ozone-BAC advanced water treatment process was experimentally studied. The operation and performance of backwashing were evaluated by measuring the effects of water temperature and water input rate on the backwashing interval and duration, and also the change of the amounts of biofilm and HPC in treated water before and after backwashing. The experiments were carried out with the pilot scale test module built in a existing water treatment plant, and the following results were obtained. Longer backwashing time than that of design operating condition was needed for satisfying the suitable turbidity of washing water effluent. Depending on water temperature, 7 days of backwashing cycle was recommended for the period lower than $15^{\circ}C$, and 10 days for the period higher than $15^{\circ}C$. After backwashing, the amounts of biofilm and HPC decreased to 1/10 and 80%, respectively.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.177-182
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• 2015

The boiler tubes of X20CrMoV12.1 used in fossil-fired power plants were obtained and analyzed for the effect of water treatment on the steam corrosion-induced oxide scale in an effort to better understand the oxide formation mechanism, as well as pertinent method of maintenance and lifetime extension. The specimens were analyzed using various microscopy and microanalysis techniques, with focuses on the effect of water treatment on the characters of scale. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the scales of specimens were composed of hematite ($Fe_2O_3$), magnetite ($Fe_3O_4$), and chromite ($FeCr_2O_4$). Electron backscatter diffraction analysis showed that the oxides were present in the following order on the matrix: outer $Fe_2O_3$, intermediate $Fe_3O_4$, and inner $FeCr_2O_4$. After all volatile treatment or oxygenated treatment, a dense protective $Fe_2O_3$ layer was formed on the $Fe_3O_4$ layer of the specimen, retarding further progression of corrosion.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.127-137
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• 2013

Reuse of wastewater will intensify in the coming decades due to water shortage, the change of climatic conditions, the need for industrial and agricultural use and the necessity of improving health and environmental conditions for the growing population. This paper considers (a) the status and trends of wastewater reuse and reclamation in the world, (b) case studies of wastewater reuse projects, (c) analysis of technology level, (d) forecast of global market, and (e) the future views and directions in development of wastewater reuse technologies. Based on the available documented literature, this paper provides a review assessment of the current status of the wastewater treatment processes including potential applications for reuse. Key challenges for both wastewater treatment and reuse are also discussed in the paper and include recommendations, e.g. cost, effluent water quality, energy use and technical solutions, for future developments.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.59-62
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• 2002

Recently, advanced system for water and wastewater treatment is introduced and operated because of water pollution and etc. One of this System makes use of O3(Ozone) for water and wastewater treatment. In airtight concrete structure, waterproofing phase as well as water are affected by strong oxidative O3 in the long-term. For this reason, material stability against O3 is examined. Consequently, the purpose of this study is to find out material stability an object of epoxy resin by way of accelerated O3 testing.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.395-407
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• 2007

Disinfection by-products(DBPs) are formed through the reaction between chlorine and natural organic matter(NOM) in water treatment. For reducing the formation of chlorinated DBPs in the drinking water treatment, there is a need to evaluate the behavior of NOM fractions and the occurrence of DBPs for each fraction. Among the six fractions of NOM, the removal of HPOA and HPIN got accomplished through coagulation and sedimentation processes. Advanced water treatment processes were found to be most significant to remove the HPOA and HPON. It was found that HPOA made the most THMFP level than any other fractions and HPIA and HPOA formed higher HAAFP. The fraction of NOM with MW less than 1k Da was 32.5~54.3% in intake raw water. Mostly the organic matter with MW more than 1k Da was removed through coagulation and sedimentation in the drinking water treatment processes. In case of advanced water treatment processes, the organic matter with MW 1k~100k Da decreased by means of ozone oxidation for high molecular weight substances. As the result low molecular organic matter increased. In the BAC and GAC processes, the organic matter with MW less than 100k Da decreased.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2016.10a
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• pp.50-51
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• 2016

Ozone is a strong oxidizing materials in the advanced water treatment facilities. However, due to such a strong oxidation, Ozone eroded waterproofing/corrosion on the concrete surface and caused performance degradation. Therefore, in this study, permeability experiment of metal spraying system by concrete surface treatment was conducted.