• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.59-65
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• 2008

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.55-63
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between eating disorders and parent-adolescent communication in middle school students. Method: There were 267 adolescents taken as participants from two middle schools in rural areas. Data were collected from June to July 2005, using the Eating Disorder Inventory-2 questionnaire (23 items) and Parent-Adolescent Communication Inventory (10 items for open family communication, 10 items for problem in family communication). The SPSS Win version 12.0 was used for descriptive analysis, t-test, and partial correlation coefficient. Result: The mean score on the eating disorder was 2.74 (range: 1-6). Meanwhile, the mean scores on the parent-adolescent communication was 3.37 (range: 1-5). There were significant differences in eating disorders according to gender, age, negative perception of the participant's body weight, family's perception of obesity, diet experiences, and BMI. Eating disorders showed a significant negative correlation with parent-adolescent communication. Conclusion: In this study, there was a significant negative correlation between eating disorders and parent-adolescent communication. In order to prevent an eating disorder, education and training to enhance communication skills should be provided to adolescents and their parents as well.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.329-339
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• 2013

Purpose: In this study, nutrient intake during the adolescent period is a critical time for the development of the vision. Therefore we analyzed the relationship between the obesity index and the refractive power. Methods: We used the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010 document. The obesity index is classified as Broca index (less than 80.0% is low weight, 80 to 89.9% is underweight, 90.0 to 109.9% is normal, overweight is from 110.0 to 119.9%, 120.0% or more is obesity) and body mass index (BMI)(less than 18.5 is underweight, 18.6~22.9 is normal, 23.0 to 24.9 is overweight, and obesity is higher than 25.0). We analyzed correlation with the body mass index and refractive error in adolescent. Results: As shown in the statistics, according to Broca index and body mass index (BMI), the refractive power and the obesity index showed a statistically significant correlation in the ages 15 to 18. Under weight subjects are ingested 43.84% dietary fiber, vitamin C 56.55%, 35.20% iron, 31.84% of, and 38.03% potassium less than the average food intake by the standard group. Conclusions: Moderate weight with a broad variety of taking nutrition and good eating habits seems to have an effect to the good growth and the good vision.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.41-51
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• 1986

The prevalence of obesity and its related factors in adolescent girls in Seoul area were investigated from April, 18 to June, 29 1985 bymeans of anthropometry, dietary intakes and general environmental factors. Nine hundred and sixty junior high school girls were selected and invterviewed for 24-hour food intakes. Weight, height, a 우 skinfold thickness(triceps, abdominal) were measured and information on the general backgroun of the subjects were obtained by questinnaire. Subjects were divided into six groups according to their relative weights. It was observed that majority of the parents were under fifty years old and had high school education . In general, father was older and higher in educational levels than mother. Two thirds of subjects lived in their own houses and had three to four siblings. AVerage weight and height of subjects were 46.0kg and 154.4cm, which were higher than Korean natianl average. Average relative weight was 29.75 and average Kaup index was 1.925. Skinfold thickness was 13.4mm fo rtricepts and 16.4mm for abdominal . Prevalence of obesity was 12.9% and 4.8% by criteria of relative weight and skinfold thickness. Average intakes of most of nutrients except iron were acceptable but about one third of the subjects had less than 2/3 of RDa for calcium, iron, vitamin A, and riboflavin. As a whole, prevalence of obesity in this study was higher than those observed in the past surveys. Relationship of dietary intakes and general environmental factors that seemed to influence the obesity were integrated as such. As parents educational levels were higher, it tended to be higher in living standard and have fewer family members and siblings. These may influence more nutrient intakes so that fatness of the subjects seemed to be greater. In the meantime, parents fatness was closely related to those of children indicating an involvement of genetic factors. And also, food habits of individuals such as frequency of snack and bedtime snack were related to fatness significantly.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.233-241
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• 2019

Purpose: Vitamin D deficiency is a condition widespread throughout the world. Recent studies have suggested that vitamin D deficiency was associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome. The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in adolescents. Methods: The data were obtained from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2008-2014. A total of 3,878 adolescents were included in the study. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as a 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration <20 ng/mL and suspected NAFLD was defined as an alanine transaminase concentration >30 U/L. Results: Vitamin D deficiency was noted in 78.9% of the studied population. Age, body mass index, waist circumference, and blood pressure, glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels were significantly higher in adolescents with suspected NAFLD than in adolescents without suspected NAFLD, while the mean vitamin D level was significantly lower in adolescents with suspected NAFLD. The multivariate-adjusted odds of suspected NAFLD were higher with increased age, male gender, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. Individuals with vitamin D deficiency were at higher risk of suspected NAFLD (odds ratio, 1.77; 95% confidence interval, 1.07-2.95) after adjusting for age, gender, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency was associated with suspected NAFLD, independent of obesity and metabolic syndrome, in adolescents.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.1-14
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and to find related factors according to the number of metabolic syndrome diagnostic components in Korean adolescents. Methods: The subjects of this study were 469 Korean adolescents aged from 12 to 18 enrolled in the 2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Statistical package R 3.4.2 was used for programming to apply diagnostic criterion of adolescent metabolic syndrome and for the analysis of the data such as weighted frequent analysis, weighted mean analysis and complex sampling design logistic regression analysis. Results: For adolescents 12 to 18 years of age, 2.55% had more than 2(${\geq_-}3$), 9.88% had more than 1(${\geq_-}2$) and 33.17% had more than 0(${\geq_-}1$) metabolic syndrome diagnostic components. It has been found that risk factors for no less than 2 metabolic syndrome diagnostic components were higher body mass index and higher stress, and risk factors for no less than 1 were higher body mass index, younger teenager and female. Conclusion: Obesity is the primary risk factor for the development of adolescent metabolic syndrome. Female or younger teenager are more likely to have one or more metabolic syndrome diagnostic components, and higher stress develop to the risk level of having two or more metabolic syndrome diagnostic components. Therefore, it is important to focus on obesity and stress management for the prevention and control of Korean adolescent metabolic syndrome.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.173-182
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• 2013

Obesity during childhood is a dominant risk factor for noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), and is itself considered a disease that needs to be treated. Recently, the growth in childhood obesity in Korea has become stagnant; however, two in every ten children are still overweight. In addition, 60% or more of overweight children have at least one metabolic syndrome risk factor. Thus, childhood obesity should be controlled through lifestyle modification. This paper reviews studies of the modifiable risk factors of obesity in Korean children. According to the life-course approach, preschool-aged children (<5 years) are influenced by their parents rather than individual habits because they are under mostly parental care. Elementary school-aged children (6 to 11 years) are affected by overlapping individual and parental effects. This may mean that the establishment of individual behavior patterns begins during this period. The conditions of poor eating habits such as skipping meals, eating out, and high fat intake, along with low physical activity, facilitate increased obesity among adolescents (12 to 18 years). Notably, adolescent girls show high rates of both underweight and obesity, which may lead to the development of NCDs in their offspring. Therefore, the problem of NCDs is no longer limited to adults, but is also prevalent among children. In addition, early intervention offers cost-effective opportunities for preventing NCDs. Thus, children need primary consideration, adequate monitoring, diagnosis, and treatment to reduce the burden of NCDs later in adulthood.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.80-89
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships between short sleep, obesity, and screen time. Methods: Data were obtained from a survey using a sample of 1,166 academic, and 597 vocational high school students. A structured questionnaire was used to assess demographics, hours spent in sleep, TV viewing, internet usage, and game playing. Obesity was determined using the body mass index. Descriptive statistics, Cochran Mantel Haenszel Chi-square test, and multiple logistic regression with dummy variables were performed. Results: Short sleep (<8 hours/day) was significantly related to obesity, not in academic school students, but in vocational school students. Academic high school students who had enough sleep (${\geq}8$ hours/day), had more time spent on TV viewing, internet usage, and game playing. Similar results were found in vocational high school students except for internet use. Interestingly, students with better school performance spent significantly less time in TV viewing, internet usage, and game playing, and therefore had a lower risk of obesity in academic school students. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between short sleep and obesity that was found only in vocational high school students. The relationship between short sleep and screen time was not significant in Korean high school students.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.1-15
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• 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine whether demographic and socio-economic characteristics, health behaviors are related overweight and obesity in Korean adolescents. Methods: Data from the 15^th Korea Youth Risk Behaviors web-based Survey(KYRBWS) administered in 2019 were analyzed: 60,100 students in middle and high school participated in the survey. But except 1,555 missing value, 55,748 students were analyzed. It was conducted frequency analysis, Rao-Scott chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: The significant influencing factors on overweight and obesity of adolescents were gender, economic status, father's educational background, alcohol experience, fastfood consumption, muscle strengthening exercise, stress perception(p<.001). The odds ratio for overweight and obesity of male adolescents compared to female adolescents were 1.19(p<.001). and The odds ratio for overweight and obesity of perceived stress adolescents compared to those who without stress were 1.13(p<.001). Conclusions: I found that adolescents' some undesirable health behaviors affect their overweight and obesity, I recommend that school health promotion programmes should be implemented in schools to form good health behaviors such as healthy eating habits, physical exercise and managing stress.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.11-26
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• 2007

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the recent tendency of clinical researches of obese children for finding better oriental medicine treatments. Methods : This study was focused on diagnoses, treatments, prognoses and cures of obese children based on 37 of other papers which are J Korean Oriental Med, J Korean Oriental Pediatrics, J Korean Acd Fam Med, J Korean society for the study of obesity, Korea Sport Research, J Korean Academy of Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Disease, J Korean Society for Health Education and Promotion, Korean J Pediatric, and Korean J Oriental Physiology and Pathology. Results : The rate of obese children has been increased continuously. There are several reasons for increased rate : For example, inadequate eating habit, lack of exercise, and genetic factors such as inherited diseases, and the disorder of the endocrine system. The obesity in childhood or adolescent can cause not only the physical problems but also the mental problems. It is necessary for children to diet, change life style, exercise continuously, and being active in order to prevent child obesity and keep healthy. Obesity can be treated through therapy diet, exercise, behavior modification, drug therapy and operation. Conclusion : It is important to recognize the children obesity, and make better treatments for that in the way of oriental cure. Moreover, additional reports should be keeping up based on continuing clinical researches.