• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.16 no.14
• /
• pp.6093-6097
• /
• 2015

Background: HPV DNA testing has been recently introduced as an adjunct test to cytology in the follow-up of patients after treatment for cervical lesions using the loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of HPV testing in the detection of persistent or recurrent disease after LEEP in patients with cervical epithelial lesions in northern Thailand. Materials and Methods: Patients who underwent LEEP as a treatment for histological low-grade (LSIL) or high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) or worse at Chiang Mai University Hospital between June 2010 and May 2012 were included. Follow-ups were scheduled at 6-month intervals and continued for 2 years using co-testing (liquid-based cytology and Hybrid Capture 2 [HC2]) at 6 months and 24 months and liquid-based cytology alone at 12 and 18 months. Results: Of 98 patients included, the histological diagnoses for LEEP included LSIL in 16 patients, and HSIL or worse in 82 patients. The LEEP margin status was negative in 84 patients (85.7%). At follow-up, 10 patients (10.2%) had persistent/recurrent lesions; 4 among LSIL patients (25.0%) and 6 in the group with HSIL or worse (7.3%). Only 2 of 82 patients (2.4%) with HSIL or worse diagnoses had histological HSIL in the persistent/recurrent lesions. Using histologically confirmed LSIL as the threshold for the detection of persistent/recurrent disease, cytology had a higher sensitivity than HC2 (90.0% versus 70.0%). At the 6-month follow-up appointment, combined cytology and HC2 (co-testing) had a higher sensitivity in predicting persistent/recurrent disease (80.0%) compared with that of cytology alone (70.0%) and HC2 (50.0%). Conclusions: After LEEP with a negative surgical margin, the rate of persistent/recurrent lesions is low. The addition of HPV testing at the 6-month visit to the usual cytology schedule may be an effective approach in the follow-up after LEEP.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
• /
• v.37 no.3
• /
• pp.171-177
• /
• 2003

PURPOSE: To asess the ability of FDG PET for the detection of bone marrow infiltration compared to iliac crest biopsy in patients with lymphoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-three patients (30 females and 43 males, mean age of 47 years old) with malignant lymphoma (4 Hodgkin's disease, HD and 69 Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, NHL) were included. FDG PET was performed for staging in 53 patients and to assess treatment response after the completion of chemotherapy in 20 patients. Final conclusions were based on biopsy, other imaging studies, or clinical follow-up. RESULTS: There were 54 (74%) of the 73 patients in whom FDG PET and iliac crest biopsy were concordant. Forty-seven of the 54 patients showed concordant negative results while the remaining 7 patients had concordant positive results. Of 19 patients with discordant results, FDG PET accurately detected bone marrow infiltration in 6 patients with negative iliac crest biopsy. On the contrary, iliac crest biopsy identified bone marrow infiltration in 12 or the 19 patients. In remaining one of the 19 patients with discordant results, iliac crest biopsy was true negative but FDG PET was falsely positive. CONCLUSION: FDG PET seems to be an adjunct in detecting marrow infiltration that may not be revealed by iliac crest biopsy at staging. For the assessment of treatment roponse, it may be less helpful than biopsy in detecting microscopic residual disease in the bone marrow.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.157-165
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study is to treat the students addicted to the internet by implementing a program using computers. In order to accomplish the purpose, the program was created by combining the game making activities using scratch programming, self-examination activities, and future occupation search activities. This treatment program will have major positive effects on the students who are addicted to the internet. First, it will be effective for reducing the time for using the internet and it will also improve the addictiveness such as being immersed in playing games. Second, there will be a change in attitude toward the internet and an improvement in intellectual capacity of the students. They will realize the fun of making and sharing the programs with friends, and their thinking skills will be improved by getting training for algorithmic and creative thinking. Third, this treatment program will have positive effects on the students' affective domain. They will have deeper and wider perspective on occupation by searching their future occupation, and discover the meta-ego through self-examination., which in turn, help them gain confidence and feel a sense of accomplishment.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• v.48 no.3
• /
• pp.136-151
• /
• 2018

Purpose: The decontamination procedure is a challenging aspect of surgical regenerative therapy (SRT) of peri-implantitis that affects its success. The purpose of the present study was to determine the impact of additional topical gaseous ozone therapy on the decontamination of implant surfaces in SRT of peri-implantitis. Methods: A total of 41 patients (22 males, 19 females; mean age, $53.55{\pm}8.98years$) with moderate or advanced peri-implantitis were randomly allocated to the test group (ozone group) with the use of sterile saline with additional ozone therapy or the control group with sterile saline alone for decontamination of the implant surfaces in SRT of peri-implantitis. Clinical and radiographic outcomes were evaluated over a period of 12 months. Results: At the 12-month follow-up, the plaque and gingival index values were significantly better in the ozone group (P<0.05). Probing depth decreased from $6.27{\pm}1.42mm$ and $5.73{\pm}1.11mm$ at baseline to $2.75{\pm}0.7mm$ and $3.34{\pm}0.85mm$ at the end of the 12-month observation period in the ozone and control groups, respectively. Similarly, the clinical attachment level values changed from $6.39{\pm}1.23mm$ and $5.89{\pm}1.23mm$ at baseline to $3.23{\pm}1.24mm$ and $3.91{\pm}1.36mm$ at the 12-month follow-up in the ozone and control groups, respectively. According to the radiographic evidence, the defect fill between baseline and 12 months postoperatively was $2.32{\pm}1.28mm$ in the ozone group and $1.17{\pm}0.77mm$ in the control group, which was a statistically significant between-group difference (P<0.05). Conclusions: Implant surface decontamination with the additional use of ozone therapy in SRT of peri-implantitis showed clinically and radiographically significant. Trial registry at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03018795.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.142-147
• /
• 2003

Purpose: Accurate evaluation of metastatic cervical lymph nodes plays a decisive role in the treatment and prognosis of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. The purpose of this study is to investigate the usefulness of FDG-PET for diagnosis of cervical metastasis in the head and neck cancer by comparing with the conventional imaging study. Materials and Methods: The subjects on this study were 30 patients (24 males and 6 females, aged 39 to 76, mean 57.1) diagnosed as pathologic-proven squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck. All patients underwent preoperative FDG-PET, CT(n=27) or MRI (n=3). Their medical records were reviewed retrospectively. Using pathologic reports as a golden standard, the results of FDG-PET were compared with conventional imaging study (CT/MRI) in the evaluation of cervical metastasis. Results: Thirty patients had five different primary sites which were tongue (11), supraglottis (10), glottis (6), hypopharynx (2) and tonsil (1). A total of 40 neck dissections were performed unilaterally in 20 patients and bilaterally in 10 patients. Of these, 16 showed pathologically positive for lymph node metastasis. The sensitivity and specificity of FDG-PET for the diagnosis of cervical metastasis was 75% and 100% respectively, compared with conventional imaging of 56.3% and 95.8%, respectively. The difference of sensitivity was not statistically significant (p=0.453). Of 5 cases with small metastatic node (<1cm), 3 were detected on PET detected correctly but none were detected by CT. Conclusion: FDG-PET was more accurate than conventional imaging study in the diagnosis of metastatic lymph nodes in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck, especially detection of small metastatic node. FDG-PET might be useful adjunct to conventional image in the preoperative evaluation of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.510-517
• /
• 2013

This study was performed to evaluate the antiobesity effect of supercritical fluid extracts (SFC) and marc methanol extracts (SFM) from Cinnamomum verum in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. In inducing the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes in the presence of an adipogenic cocktail, iso-butylmethylanthine (IBMX), dexamathasone, and insulin, treatment with fraction residue SFC and SFM. SFC significantly reduced the mRNA expression of the transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activate-dreceptor-${\gamma}$ ($PPAR{\gamma}$), the sterol regulatory-element-binding protein-1c (SREBP1c), and the CCAAT enhancer-binding-protein ${\alpha}$ ($C/EBP{\alpha}$) in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, SFC markedly down-regulated acyl-CoA synthetase-1 (ASC1), fatty acid synthesis (FAS), fatty acid transport-1 (FATP1), fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4), and perilipin. These findings suggest that SFC may be a potential therapeutic adjunct for obesity by targeting the differentiation of preadipocytes, as well as their functions.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.700-704
• /
• 2007

In the recent, increased concern has been focused on the pharmacology and clinical utility of herbal extracts and derivatives as a drug or adjunct to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Here we investigated the role of the extract of Anethi Fructus in the expression of inflammatory mediators, surface molecule, and related receptors in vitro. In murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells and peritoneal macrophages of C57BL/6N mice, water extract of Anethi Fructus increased the production of secretary tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a and Nitric oxide (NO), and the expression level of CD14, LPS co-receptor and CD86, co-stimulatory molecule compared to negative natural extract ex vivo. The water extract of Anethi Fructus increased the production of interferon (IFN)-g from splenocytes. Also, water extract of Anethi Fructus increased ConA-induced cell proliferation. These results suggest that water extract of Anethi Fructus may enhance the immune response through immune modulation of macrophage and lymphocytes.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
• /
• v.21 no.6
• /
• pp.557-564
• /
• 2021

Background: Conscious sedation is a useful adjunct in the treatment of patients in dentistry; however, a lack of knowledge among the dental profession regarding sedation is a restricting factor in the practice of dental sedation. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the knowledge and practice of sedation in dentistry among dental professionals in Tanzania. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted for five months targeting all practicing dental professionals in Tanzania. A modified questionnaire contained 14 questions regarding knowledge about sedative agents and a section on the practice of sedation. The data obtained from this study were coded and entered into a computer program and analyzed using SPSS software version 23.0. The data are presented as frequencies and percentages in tables and charts. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Results: The age range of participants was between 24 and 63 years (mean 36.6 ± 7.7 years). There were 107 men (78.1%), and the male-to-female ratio was 3.6:1. The majority (76.6%) of participants only had an undergraduate dental degree. Thirty-one percent of participants only worked in publicly owned health facilities. Slightly more than half (59.9%) of participants had satisfactory knowledge regarding sedation in dentistry. There was no statistically significant association between the level of sedation-related knowledge and the demographic characteristics of the participants. Only 21.9% reported using sedation in their practice, and the most commonly used sedative drug was diazepam. The reasons for not using dental sedation in clinical practice included a perceived lack of knowledge on sedation, lack of equipment, and cost. Conclusion: Most dental professionals in Tanzania have basic knowledge of sedation in dentistry, although knowledge regarding sedative agents is generally low. The practice of sedation in dentistry in Tanzania is very low compared to that in middle- and high-income countries. Inadequate knowledge, lack of equipment, and the cost of practicing sedation are the main reasons for not practicing sedation.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.11-18
• /
• 2004

The eruption of permanent teeth represents the movement in the alveolar bone before appearance in oral cavity, to the occlusal plane after appearance in oral cavity, and additive movement after reaching th the occlusal plane. Tooth eruption is mostly controlled by genetic signals. The eruption stage is divided to preeruptive alveolar stage, alveolar bone stage, mucosal stage according to the process of growth and development. If the disturbance is occured in any stage of eruption, tooth does not erupt. The cause of eruption disturbance are ectopic position of the tooth germ, obstruction of the eruption path and defects in the follicle or PDL. In the treatment of eruption disturbance, surgical procedures are commonly used. There are three kind of surgical procedure ; surgical exposure, surgical repositioning, surgical exposure and traction Surgical exposure is basic procedure. This involves removal of mucosa, bone, lesion that are surrounding the teeth, dental sac when necessary to maintain a patent channel between the crown and the normal eruptive path into the oral cavity. To ensure this patency, many techniques including cementation of a celluloid crown, packing with gutta-percha or zinc oxide-eugenol, or a surgical pack, are used. When surgical exposure is conducted, operators should not expose any part of cervical root cement and not injure periodontium or root of adjunct tooth. After surgical exposure, tooth should be surrounded by keratinized gingiva. There is direct relationship between the extent of development of pathophysiologic aberrations and the intensity of the manipulative injury inflicted on the tooth by surgical treatment, so operator should consider this thing. In these cases, surgical exposure is conducted on Maxillary 1st milars that have a eruption disturbance and improve the eruption disturbance effectively.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.867-882
• /
• 1997

Safflower(Carthamus tinctorius $Linn\acute{e}$ has been traditionally used for the treatment of blood stasis, and Dipsasi Radix has been used as a drug for fracture in Chinese medicine. The purpose of present study was to examine the biologic effects of safflower extract and Disasi radix extracts on the periodontal. ligament cells and osteoblastic cells and on the wound healing of rat calvarial defect. The ethanolic extract of safflower blossom, safflower seed and Dipsasi Radix(125, 250, and 500 ${\mu}g/ml$) were prepared as test group, and PDGF-BB(lOng/ml) and unsafonifiable fraction of Zea Mays L.(125, 250, and 500 ${\mu}g/ml$) were employed as positive control. The effects of each agents on the growth and survival, ALPase activity, expression of PDGF-BB receptor, chemotactic response of PDL cell and ATCC human osteosarcoma MG63 cells in vitro were examined. The tissue regenerative effect of each extracts was evaluated by histomorphometric measuring of newly formed bone on the 8mm defect in rat calvaria after oral administration of 3 different dosages groups : 0.02, 0.1 and 0.35g/kg, per day. It was also employed the same dosages of unsaponifiable fraction of Zea Mays L. as positive controls. Safflower blossom extract, safflower seed extract, and Dipsasi Radix extract stimulate the cellular activity of MG63 cells in concentration range of $125-500{\mu}g/ml$, and safflower bolssom extract and safflower seed extract stimulate also the cellular activity of periodontal ligament cells in concentration range of $250-500{\mu}g/ml$. In activity of ALPase, $250-500{\mu}g/ml$ of safflower blossom extracts showed significant stimulating effects on MG63 cells, and the same concentration range of safflower seed extracts showed significant effect on periodontal ligament cells. In the recovery on PDGF-BB receptor expression which was depressed by $IL-1{\beta}$, $125-250{\mu}g/ml$ of safflower blossom extracts and $250-500{\mu}g/ml$ of safflower seed extracts showed significant increasing effect on MG63 cells, and $500{\mu}g/ml$ of safflower blossom extract and $250-500{\mu}g/ml$ of safflower seed extracts showed significant effect on periodontal ligament cells. In chemotactic response, among all tested group, safflower seed extracts only were chemotactic to MG63 cells and periodontal ligament cells in concentration range of $125-500{\mu}g/ml$. Also in the view of bone regeneration in rat calvarial defect model, the only group that was orally administrated 0.35g/kg, day of safflower seed extract showed significant new bone formation. These results suggested that safflower extracts might have a potential possibilities as an useful drug for adjunct to treatment for regeneration of periodontal defect.