• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.222-231
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to compare shear bond strength and interfacial pattern of composite bond-ed to dentin using self-etching adhesive systems. Sixty extracted human molars with exposed occlusal dentin were divided into four groups and bonded with four adhesives and composites. Single Bond/Filtek Z 350(SB), Tyrian SPE-One-Step Plus/Aelitefil(TY), Prompt L-Pop/Filtek Z 250(LP), and One-Up Bond F/palfique Toughwell(OU). The results of this study were as follows; 1 Shear bond strength for OU was significantly lower than that of other groups(p＜0.05). No significant difference was founded among SB, TY, and LP. 2. Failure modes to dentin showed adhesive and mixed for SB TY and LP, but them for OU showed adhesive in all spceimens. 3. Dentin-resin interface showed close adaptation for SB, TY, and LP, but it showed gap for OU. 4. The hybrid layers for TY, LP OU were thinner than that of SB. Adhesive layers were observed between composite and hybrid layer, which were 5 $\mu\textrm{m}$ thick for TY and 10 $\mu\textrm{m}$ thick for OU.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.27-34
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• 2006

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to prove the increasing range of motion of joint to the patients of adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder applied the gliding-mobilization. Subjects and methods : The subjects are patients of adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder who have limited range of motion due to capsular pattern on the shoulder. The subjects are volunteer patients without a history of neuromuscular problems and randomly distributed into two groups. 15 experimental subjects(4 male, 11 female) received therapy with gliding-mobilization applied on limited shoulder joint and a second group with 15 control subjects(6 male 9 female) was treated by physiological passive range of motion therapy. The data were analyzed with paired t-test to determine striking differences depending on the course of treatment. Result : 1) In the group treated by gliding-mobilization the range of motion in shoulder flexion was increased in accordance to the course of treatment, and paired t-test showed striking differences(p<.05). 2) The range of motion in shoulder extension was increased in accordance to the course of treatment, and paired t-test showed striking differences(p<0.05). 3) The range of motion in shoulder abduction was increased with serise of treatment, and paired t-test showed striking differences(p<0.05). Conclusion : The gliding-mobilization increases the range of motion of the patient of adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder.

• Composites Research
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.371-376
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• 2020

The adhesive strength can be improved through surface treatment. The most common method is to improve physical bonding by varying the surface conditions. This study presents the effect of laser surface treatment on the adhesive strength of CFRP. The surface roughness was patterned using a 1064 nm laser. The effects of the number of laser shots and the direction and length of the pattern on the adhesion of the CFRP/CFRP single joint were investigated through tensile tests. Tests according to ASTM D5868 were performed, and the bonding mechanism was determined by analyzing the damaged surface after a fracture. The optimized number of the laser shots and the optimized depth of the roughness should be required to increase the bonding strength on the CFRP surface. When considering the shear stress in the tensile direction, the roughness pattern in the direction of 45° that increases the length of the fracture path in the adhesive layer resulted in an increase of the adhesive strength. The surface treatment of the bonding surface using a laser is a suitable method to acquire a mechanical bonding mechanism and improve the bonding strength of the CFRP bonding joint. The study on the optimized laser process parameters is required for utilizing the benefits of laser surface processing.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.515-520
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• 2009

This study presented facile method of cell patterning using fabricated PDMS patterns on polyelectrolyte coated surface. This basic principle is the fabrication of functional surface presenting two orthogonal surfaces such as cell adhesive and repellent properties. Cell adhesive surface was firstly fabricated with simple coating of polyelectrolyte multilayer. And then, the desired patterns of PDMS for the prevention of nonspecific binding of cells were transferred onto the previously formed thin film of polyelectrolyte multilayer. Thus, we could prepare novel functional surface simultaneously containing PDMS and polyelectrolyte region. As expected, the PDMS regions showed effective prevention of nonspecific binding of cell and the other region, exposed polyelectrolyte area, provided cell adhesive environment. The height of formed PDMS structure was about 100 nm. Based on this method, cell patterning can be successfully obtained with various pattern shapes and sizes. Therefore, we expect that this simple method will be useful platform technology for the development of cell chip, cell based assay system, and biochip.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.223-238
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of taping therapy for adhesive capsulitis patients. The subjects were consisted of 40, male 18, female 22, average age was 59 years old. To find out the effectiveness of taping therapy, we sampled 20 patients treated with H/P, electrical therapy and scapular pattern & hold-relax technique of PNF(control group), and 20 patients treated same as control group with taping therapy(experimental group). The results were as follow : 1. There was a statistical significance of shoulder flexion, abduction, external rotation and VAS in both group(P<0.05). 2. There was not statistical significance of shoulder flexion and external rotation(P>0.05), but abduction had a statistical significance between taping group and non-taping group(P<0.05). 3. VAS was observed a statistical significance between 3rd and 4th post treatment(P<0.05). These results are imply that taping therapy has a effectiveness of shoulder motion and VAS for adhesive capsulitis.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.37-42
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• 2011

In this paper, novel carbon nanotube (CNT)-filled Solderable electrically conductive adhesive (ECA) and joining process have been developed. To investigate the bonding characteristics of CNT-filled Solderable ECA, three types of Solderable ECAs with different CNT weight percent (0, 0.1, 1wt%) were formulated. For a joining process, the quad flat package (QFP) chip was used. The QFP chip had a size of $14{\times}14{\times}2.7$ mm and a 1 mm lead pitch. The test board had a Cu daisy-chained pattern with 18 ${\mu}m$ thick. After the bonding process, the bonding characteristics such as morphology of conduction path, electrical resistance and pull strength were measured for each formulated ECAs. As a result, the electrical and mechanical bonding characteristics for a QFP joints using CNT-filled ECA were improved about 10% compared to those of QFP joints using ECA without CNT.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.31 no.2 s.85
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• pp.261-270
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical usefulness of plasma arc light which can reduce the curing time dramatically compared by shear bond strengths and failure patterns of the brackets bonded with visible light in direct bracket bonding. Some kinds of brackets were bonded with the Transbond$^{\circledR}$ to the human premolars which were embedded in the resin blocks according to the various conditions. After bonding, the shear bond strength was tested by Instron universal testing machine and in addition , the amount of residual adhesive remaining on the tooth after debonding was measured by the stereoscope and assessed with adhesive remnant index(ARI). The results were as follows : 1. When plasma arc light was used for bonding the brackets, the shear bond strength was clinically sufficient in both metal and ceramic brackets, but resin brackets showed significantly lower bond strength but which was clinically useful. 2. When metal brackets were bonded using visible light, there was no significant difference in shear bond strength due to the light-curing time and the bond strength was clinically sufficient. 3. When the adhesive failure patterns of brackets bonded with plasma arc light were observed by using the adhesive remnant index, the bond failure of the metal and resin bracket occurred more frequently at bracket-adhesive interface but the failure of the ceramic bracket occurred more frequently at enamel-adhesive interface. 4. There was no statistically significant difference of the shear bond strength and adhesive failure pattern between metal bracket bonded for 2 seconds by curing with plasma arc light and 10 seconds by curing with visible light. 6. When metal brackets were bonded using plasma arc light, the shear bond strength decreased as the distance from the light source increased. The above results suggest that plasma arc light can be clinically useful for bonding the brackets without fear of the decrease of the shear bond strength.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.97-102
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• 1992

Transimission electron microscope(TEM)/ultramicrotomy were used to characterize the detailed surface morphology of 2024-T3 Al alloy surfaces prepared by various pretreatment process. It was found that, for good and superior initial adhesive strength and durability, chemically pretreated substrates appeared essential. The film morphology developed after CSA etching treatment, ass revealed by TEM, suggested the present of irregular cell pattern with finely separated whisker-like protrusion with was responsible for increase of bond strength.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.392-401
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the penetration pattern of dentin adhesives according to the orientation of dentinal tubules with confocal laser scanning microscopy. Specimens having perpendicular. parallel and oblique surface to dentinal tubules were fabricated. The primer of dentin adhesives (ALL $BOND^{\circledR}{\;}2,{\;}CLEARFIL^{TM}$ SE BOND and PQ1) was mixed with fluorescent material. rhodamine B isothio-cyanate (Aldrich Cherm. CO., Milw., USA), It was applied to the specimens according to the instructions of manufactures. The specimens were covered with composite resin (Estelite, shade A2) and then cut to a thickness of 500$\mu\textrm{m}$ with low speed saw (Isomet^{TM}, Buehler. USA). The adhesive pattern of dentin adhesives were observed by fluorescence image using confocal laser scanning microscopy. The results were as follows. 1. For the groups with tubules perpendicular to bonded surface. funnel shape of resin tag was observed in all specimen. However. resin tags were more prominent in phosphoric acid etching system (ALL $BOND^{\circledR}$ 2 and PQ1) than self etching system ($CLEARFIL^{TM}$ SE BOND). 2. For the groups with tubules parallel to bonded surface. rhodamine-labeled primer penetrated into peritubular dentin parallel to the orientation of dentinal tubules. But rhodamine-labeled primer of PQ1 diffused more radially into surrounding intertubular dentin than other dentin adhesive systems. 3. For the groups with tubules oblique to bonded surface. resin tags appeared irregular and discontinuous. But they penetrated deeper into dentinal tubules than other groups.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.118-125
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• 2001

The effectiveness of operative and non-operative management for postoperative adhesive ileus in children has been discussed. This study reviews the clinical characteristics and the treatment consequences of adhesive ileus in our institution. Department of Surgery of Chunbuk National University Hospital, retrospectively. A total of 62 cases of post-operative small bowel obstruction treated between January 1975 and December 1998 under the 15 years of age are included in this study. The patients were divided into two groups, operative(n=26) and non-operative(n=36) groups. The prevalent age was between 11 and 15 years(28 cases; 45.2 %), and the most common previous operation was appendectomy(28 cases; 45.2 %). The most common operative procedures were adhesiolysis(17 cases; 65.4 %). The interval between admission and operation was 1 day in 11 cases(42.3 %). The most common site of adhesion was the ileum in 13 cases(50.0 %) and band constriction was the most frequent pattern(8 cases; 30.8 %). Intestinal resection was significantly high in delayed operations of more than four days, in the patients with three or more classical signs of strangulation(fever, tachycardia, leukocytosis, abdominal pain, rebound tenderness), and in the cases of complete obstruction on plain abdomen film(p < 0.05). In conclusion, operation should be considered in cases with three or more signs of strangulation, no clinical improvement for over four days of conservative treatment, and signs of complete obstruction on plain abdomen film during the observation periods.