• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.379-385
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• 2020

The satellite employs an adaptive beamformer to efficiently detect various signals and to suppress multiple interference signals, simultaneously. Although the adaptive beamforming satellite system needs Angle-of-Arrival (AOA) information of the desired signal, it is difficult to estimate the signal AOAs on the satellite environment. However, the AOA estimation on the ground control tower is more efficient and accurate comparing to the satellite environment. In this paper, we propose an adaptive beamforming satellite system based on the signal location information on the ground, consisting on an angle estimator, an adaptive beamformer, and signal processing & D/B unit. The ground control tower estimates the accurate location of the signal source, and it sends the estimated coordinates of the desired signal to the satellite. The angle estimator mounted on the satellite calculates the desired signal AOA, based on the signal location information transmitted from the ground control center. The satellite beamformer detects the desired signal and suppresses unwanted signals based on the signal AOA calculated by the angle estimator. We provide computer simulation results to present the performance of the proposed satellite adaptive beamforming system based on the signal location information.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.122-129
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• 1996

The spark timing is one of major parameters to the engine performance and emissions. The ECU controls the spark timing based on preset values, which are functions of load and speed, in most of today's automotive SI engine. In this system, the preset spark timing can be different from optimum value due to the deviations from mass production, aging effects and so on. In the present study, a control logic is investigated for real time adaptation of spark timing to optimal value. It has been found that crank angle of miximum cylinder pressure is one of the appropriate parameters to estimate the optimum spark timing throught experiment. It has also been observed for spark timing convergence by variation of engineering model factors. The simulation program including engineering model for cycle by cycle variation of combustion is developed for surveying spark timing control logic. It is also shown that simulation results reflect experiment outputs and reasonableness of spark timing control logic for crank angle of maximum cylinder pressure.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.24-29
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• 2001

Adaptive valve timing control is one of the promising techniques to accomplish the optimized mixture formation and combustion depending on the load and speed, which is needed to meet the future challenges in reducing fuel consumption and exhaust emissions. The behavior and the effect of adaptive valve timing control system has been investigated by computer simulation, which simulates the gas dynamics in engines. Improved fuel economy can be achieved by reduction of pumping loss under low and mid load conditions. EIVC(Early Intake Valve Closing) strategy turns out to be superior to LIVC(Late Intake Valve Closing) strategy in reducing fuel consumption. Deterioration of combustion quality can be overcome by introducing LIVO(Late Intake Valve Opening) strategy, which increases turbulent intensity in cylinders. Furthermore, LIVO can reduce HC emission by decreasing the required amount of fuel to be injected during cold start.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제4권6호
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• pp.1481-1494
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• 1997

실시간 시스템에서 시간적 제약의 불이행의 커다란 손실을 가져오며, 이를 위한 동적 스케쥴링은 유연성을 제공하는 대신 스케쥴링 오버헤드와 분석작업의 복잡성으로 인하여 스케쥴성을 예측하기 어려움이 있다. 반면, 정적 스케쥴링은 수행 중 오버헤드가 없으므로 정확한 시간을 예측할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 따라서 명령어 수준의 정적 스케쥴링과 시간 분석을 통하여 시스템의 시간적 정확도를 보장할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 확정된 시간 분석을 위하여 befor와 after의 시간 제약을 고급 언어에 표현하고 이를 근거로 시간적 분석에 기반을 둔 컴파일러의 명령어 수준의 스케쥴링 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 이 스케쥴링의 특징은 명령어 수준의 스케쥴링을 위한 도메인이 지나치게 과대하므로 향상된 적합 유전자 알고리즘을 적용한 것이다.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.127-141
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• 1996

This paper presents a unique approach to urban traffic network signal control. This paper begins with an introduction to traffic control in general, and then goes on to describe the approach of fuzzy control, where the signal timing parameters at a given intersection are adjusted as functions of the local traffic network condition and adjacent intersection. The signal timing parameters evolve dynamically using only local information to improve traffic signal flow. The signal timing at an intersection is defined by three parameters : cycle time, phase split, off set. Fuzzy decision rules are used to adjust three parameters based only on local information. The amount of change in the timing parameters during each cycle is limited to a small fraction of the current parameters to ensure smooth transition. In this paper the effectiveness of this method is showed through simulation of the traffic signal flow in a network of controlled intersection.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2008년도 International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.1487-1490
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• 2008

mSilica developed a scalable integrated circuit solution for driving multiple arrays of LEDs to backlight TFT-LCD panels. The drivers incorporate adaptive power control of the DC-DC power supply powering the LEDs to improve the efficiency while synchronizing PWM dimming with video timing signals VSYNC and HSYNC to reduce motion blur.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.83-94
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• 2003

서울을 비롯한 대도시에서는 최근, 신호교차로를 포함하는 도시 가로망에 기존의 고정식 신호체계를 대신하여 첨단신호체계를 도입하여 운영하고 있다. 이러한 신호시스템의 장점은 변화하는 교통상황에 따라 최적의 신호현시를 제공한다는 것이다. 그러나 이러한 신호체계가 큰 효과를 기대할 수 있음에도 불구하고 현재까지 이러한 시스템과 기존의 신호 시스템을 비교한 연구는 거의 없는 실정이다. 가장 큰 이유는 실시간으로 교통상황에 대응하는 이러한 신호시스템을 평가하는 것이 매우 어려운 일이기 때문이다. 본 연구의 목적은 독립교차로, 교통축, 네트워크 단위에서의 기존의 전자신호와 첨단신호체계의 효율성을 비교 평가할 수 있는 미시적 시뮬레이터를 개발하는 것이다. 이러한 시뮬레이터의 개발은 교통운영체계에 대한 보다 정밀한 분석을 가능하게 할 것으로 판단된다. 그리고 본 연구에서는 개발된 시뮬레이터를 이용하여 현재 서울의 강남지역에서 운영되고 있는 신신호 시스템의 각종 알고리즘에 대한 평가를 수행하였다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.420-427
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• 2007

This paper highlights the comparison of a proposed methods named adaptive undervoltage load shedding based PTSI techniques for undervoltage load shedding and two previous methods named Fixed Shed Fixed Delay (FSFD) and Variable Shed Variable Delay (VSVD) for avoiding voltage collapse. There are three main area considerations in load shedding schemes as the amount of load to be shed, the timing of load shedding event, and the location where load shed is to be shed. The proposed method, named as adaptive UVLS based PTSI seem to be most appropriate among the uncoordinated schemes. From the simulation result can be shown the Adaptive UVLS based PTSI give faster response, accurate and very sensitive control for the UVLS control technique. This technique is effectively when calculating the amount to be shed. Therefore, it is possible to bring the voltage to the threshold value in one step. Thus, the adaptive load shedding can effectively reduce the computational time for control strategy.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.89-118
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• 1996

The development and implementation of a real-time, traffic adaptive control scheme based on fuzzy logic through Video Image Detector systems (VIDs) is presented. Through VIDs based image processing, fuzzy logic can be used for a real-time traffic adaptive signal control scheme. Fuzzy control logic allows linguistic and inexact traffic data to be manipulated as a useful tool in designing signal timing plans. The fuzzy logic has the ability to comprehend linguistic instructions and to generate control strategy based on a priori verbal communication. The implementation of fuzzy logic controller for a traffic network is introduced. Comparisons are made between implementations of the fuzzy logic controller and the actuated controller in an isolated intersection. The results obtained from the application of the fuzzy logic controller are also compared with those corresponding to a pretimed controller for the coordinated intersections. Simulation results from the comparisons indicate the performance of the system is between under the fuzzy logic controller. Integration of the aforementioned schemes into and ATMS framework will lead to real-time adjustment of the traffic control signals, resulting in significant reduction in traffic congestion.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.4268-4289
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• 2020

Advanced traffic signal timing method plays very important role in reducing road congestion and air pollution. Reinforcement learning is considered as superior approach to build traffic light timing scheme by many recent studies. It fulfills real adaptive control by the means of taking real-time traffic information as state, and adjusting traffic light scheme as action. However, existing works behave inefficient in complex intersections and they are lack of feasibility because most of them adopt traffic light scheme whose phase sequence is flexible. To address these issues, a novel adaptive traffic signal timing scheme is proposed. It's based on actor-critic reinforcement learning algorithm, and advanced techniques proximal policy optimization and generalized advantage estimation are integrated. In particular, a new kind of reward function and a simplified form of state representation are carefully defined, and they facilitate to improve the learning efficiency and reduce the computational complexity, respectively. Meanwhile, a fixed phase sequence signal scheme is derived, and constraint on the variations of successive phase durations is introduced, which enhances its feasibility and robustness in field applications. The proposed scheme is verified through field-data-based experiments in both medium and high traffic density scenarios. Simulation results exhibit remarkable improvement in traffic performance as well as the learning efficiency comparing with the existing reinforcement learning-based methods such as 3DQN and DDQN.