• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Entomolohy Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.122-122
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• 2002

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.57-61
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• 2006

Isoflavones 1-3 and pterocarpans 4-8 were isolated from methanol extract of roots of Glycine max. In inhibitory effect against human acyl-CoA:cholesterol acytransferase (ACAT)-1 and ACAT-2, glyceollin I 5 showed potent hACAT-1 ($IC_{50}=299.0{\mu}M$) and hACAT-2 ($IC_{50}=82.7{\mu}M$) inhibitory activities.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.200-205
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• 2000

Ethanol extract of Alpiniae Katsumadaii semen inhibited potently cholesterol esterase activity in vitro. Chloroform fraction of ethanol extract showed the stronger inhibitory effect than other solvent fractions-ethylacetate fraction, butanol fraction, and aqueous fraction. The chloroform frac ion of Alpiniae katsumadaii semen were studied as a candidator of plasma cholesterol lowering material in high cholesterol-fed rats. In high cholesterol-fed rats, the diet with chloroform fraction of 100 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg lowered not only plasma neutral lipids contents 25.9% and 26.5% but also plasma total cholesterol level 11.8% and 20.8%, respectively. Plasma HDL-cholesterol level and Atherogenic Index(AI) in Alpiniae chloroform fraction-fed rats were recovered as those level of normal rats.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.600-608
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• 1993

About 1, 300 strains isolated from soil were evaluated for acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibition activity. About 4.0% of actinomycetes and 3.6% of fungi showed greater than 50% inhibition activity, respectively. However, none of the isolated bacteria exhibited inhibition activity more than 50%. Among them, one Streptomyces sp. A-3 showed a higher ACAT inhibition activity in culture broth. Isolation of the ACAT inhibitor (AI-3) was achieved by Amberlite XAD-7 column, silica-gel column, Sephadex LH-20 gel-filtration and reverse phase HPLC.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.501-506
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• 2016

BACKGROUNG/OBJECTIVES: Corn silk (CS) extract contains large amounts of maysin, which is a major flavonoid in CS. However, studies regarding the effect of CS extract on cholesterol metabolism is limited. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of CS extract on cholesterol metabolism in C57BL/6J mouse fed high-fat diets. MATERIALS/METHODS: Normal-fat group fed 7% fat diet, high-fat (HF) group fed 25% fat diet, and high-fat with corn silk (HFCS) group were orally administered CS extract (100 mg/kg body weight) daily. Serum and hepatic levels of total lipids, triglycerides, and total cholesterol as well as serum free fatty acid, glucose, and insulin levels were determined. The mRNA expression levels of acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT), cholesterol 7-alpha hydroxylase (CYP7A1), farnesoid X receptor (FXR), lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), low-density lipoprotein receptor, 3-hyroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA reductase), adiponectin, leptin, and tumor necrosis factor ${\alpha}$ were determined. RESULTS: Oral administration of CS extract with HF improved serum glucose and insulin levels as well as attenuated HF-induced fatty liver. CS extracts significantly elevated mRNA expression levels of adipocytokines and reduced mRNA expression levels of HMG-CoA reductase, ACAT, and FXR. The mRNA expression levels of CYP7A1 and LCAT between the HF group and HFCS group were not statistically different. CONCLUSIONS: CS extract supplementation with a high-fat diet improves levels of adipocytokine secretion and glucose homeostasis. CS extract is also effective in decreasing the regulatory pool of hepatic cholesterol, in line with decreased blood and hepatic levels of cholesterol though modulation of mRNA expression levels of HMG-CoA reductase, ACAT, and FXR.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.344-350
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• 1998

Lipid lowering properties from three plant water extracts, Rosa rugosa, Crataegus pinnatifida and Polygonum cuspidatum, were tested by supplementing a 1% high-cholesterol diet with them in rats. Plasma triglyceride levels in Rosa fugosa, Crataegus pinnatifida and Polygonum cuspidatum groups were significantly lower compared to that of the control. by 29% , 24% and 47% respectively. hepatic trigylceride levels in Rosa rugosa and Crataegus pinnatifida groups were significantly lower compared to the control by 11% and 15% respectively. Hepatic HMG-CoA reductase activity in Rosa rugosa group was significantly greater compared to the control by 406%. Hepatic ACAT activity was significantly lower in Polygonum cuspidatum group compared to the control by 28%. by multiple regression results, only plasma cholesterol was associated significantly (p<0.05) with liver HMG-CoA reductase activity. Plasma cholesterol explained 12% of thevariance of the liver HMG-CoA redctase activity. In conclusion, we have showen that hot water extracts from Rosa rugosa, Crataegus pinnatifida and Polygonum cuspidatum lowered plasma triglycerides in rats fed on a high-cholesterol diet. Data suggests that these extracts could potentially prevent or treat hypertriglyceridemia induced by a high fat diet and fatty liver.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.187-194
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• 2009

Two pyranocoumarin constituents have been isolated from Angelica gigas and were identified as decursinol angelate (1) and decursin (2) by means of NMR analysis, respectively. Human acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (hACAT) inhibitory activity of decursinol angelate (1) and decursin (2) was evaluated. Decursin (2) showed significantly inhibitory activity against hACAT1 and hACAT2 with $IC_{50}$ value of 137 and $168\;{\mu}M$, respectively, whereas decursinol angelate (1) exhibited weak ACAT inhibitory activity. These results suggested that decusin from A. gigas might be effective for the prevention and the treatment of hypercholesterolemia or atherosclerosis by inhibitory effect on hACAT. The contents of decursinol angelate (1) and decursin (2) were analyzed in various parts of A. gigas including flower, seed, leaf and root using LC/MS/MS (ESI, positive ion mode, MRM mode). The content of decursinol angelate was increased in order of flower, seed, leaf, and root and decursin content was increased in order of flower, seed, leaf, and root. It was expected that unused parts including leaf and flower of A. gigas might be useful as new functional sources by their high contents of decursin and decursinol angelate.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.109-113
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• 2000

In this study, a potential mechanism through which the hesperidin might work on the effect was examined in vivo. Male rats were fed a high cholesterol synthetic diet (1%, wt/wt) with hesperidin (0.1%, wt/wt) for 42 days. Activity of hepatic HMG-CoA reductase was significantly lowered by the hesperidin supplement compared to the control. Hesperidin did not significantly alter plasma or hepatic lipids, but tended to lower those lipid levels. Hesperidin also subsequently reduced the fecal neutral sterols compared to the control(253.3mg/d vs.521.9 mg/d). The inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase resulting from the hesperidin supplementation could count for the reduction in fecal neutral sterols that appears to compensate for the decreased cholesterol biosynthesis. The dose of hesperidin in a high choles-terol diet should apparently be more than 0.1% to exhibit the hypocholesterolemic response in these rats. It remains to be determined whether the observed alterations in cholesterol metabolism are specific to the rat or also could be applied to the humans.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.276.1-276.1
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• 2001

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.47-58
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• 2014

The effect of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers esterified in diacylglycerol (DAG)-rich oil on lipid metabolism was investigated. Since dietary DAG has been known to induce the regression of atherosclerosis, CLA-DAG and olive-DAG oils containing similar levels of DAG (51.4~54.2%) were synthesized from olive oil. Hyperlipidemic C57BL/6J mice were then fed high-fat high-cholesterol diets supplemented with these oils (5% each) for 7 wk. The CLA-DAG diet containing 2.1% CLA isomers (0.78% c9,t11-CLA; 1.18% t10,c12-CLA) remarkably increased the levels of total plasma cholesterol and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) along with hepatic cholesterol and triacylglycerol (TAG) contents. Furthermore, the CLA-DAG diet inhibited fat uptake into adipose tissue whereas fat deposition (especially in the liver) was increased, resulting in the development of fatty livers. Hepatic fatty acid composition in the CLA-DAG mice was different from that of the olive-DAG mice, showing higher ratios of C16:1/C16:0 and C18:1/C18:0 in the liver. The activity of hepatic acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) was higher in CLA-DAG mice while plasma lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity and the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) were lower in CLA-DAG mice compared to the olive-DAG animals. Results of the present study suggest that CLA incorporation into DAG oil could induce atherosclerosis in mice.