• KIEAE Journal
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.39-50
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to be performed with studio-type housings among urban life-type housings to investigate the physical characteristic and crime-related factors of studios from the viewpoint of the basic principles of crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED). Method: Eight CPTED guidelines available in Korea were reviewed to select 20 planing factors for actual condition investigation. Five single households in studio-type housings in Gwanak-gu, Seoul, were chosen according to the subject screening criteria to perform the actual condition investigation. Results: First, a lighting plan around a building for natural surveillance should consider the building location, relation with the front road, and surrounding facilities. In a building of a piloti structure, the parking lot and the building gate should be arranged in a manner that enables natural surveillance. Second, the shape of the corridors in studio-type housings should be considered to plan the installation of a lighting at the door of each household, the installation of a viewer window at the door of each household, and the arrangement of the elevator. Third, to support access control, an access control system having the function of video and voice communication is recommended to be installed at the building gate. Criteria for the type of security windows and the floors on which security windows should be installed, and the regulations about the CCTV installation inside and outside the building should be prepared. Fourth, to enhance territoriality in parking lots, ground patterns, parking lot gate, and signs may be installed. Fifth, in view of effective utilization and maintenance, lighting facilities should be installed to increase the usability of ground parking lots, and relevant installation criteria should be prepared regarding the type, number, and brightness of the lightings.

• 복식
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• 제62권4호
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• pp.207-217
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• 2012

The function of the school uniform is to represent the role of a student and also to restrict the scope of action for the student. Many students wear school uniforms for the most of their daily life. So the school uniform is very important for students during the school days. The purpose of this study was to suggest the fundamental information for the development of the school uniform design based on actual wearing conditions and preferred designs. Photos of school uniforms of 61 girls' high schools in Seoul were analyzed. Surveys of actual wearing conditions and preferred designs were investigated. The major conclusions of the study were as the following: 1. Most of the high school girls wore the uniform jackets that had tailored collars, were single breasted, slightly fitted, and that have a medium length between the waistline and hipline. Many students wore skirts with various pleats and knee length. Many school uniforms were navy blue and grey. 2. Many students bought ready-to-wear school uniforms from agencies with their parents. When they bought the school uniforms, they tried it on and confirmed the sizes on their own. However, since they didn't know the size systems, and they had to repair the size and design of the school uniforms. Students felt uncomfortable with how the shoulders and sleeves fit. 3. Uniform Jackets with tailored collars, single breasted, slightly fitted, and a short waistline length were preferred. Pleats skirts with knee length or upper-knee length were preferred. Navy blue and grey colors, and elastic fabrics were preferred. 4. When comparing the actual wearing conditions and preferred designs of school uniforms, there were a few differences in styles, but overall, students preferred shorter lengths of jackets and skirts. It is considered to reflect the fashion trends and the students' pursuit for beauty.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.848-854
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• 2017

최근 경찰서 등과 같은 관공서로 허위 신고를 하는 경우가 줄지 않고 있는 실정이다. 이로 말미암아 실제 신속한 출동과 대응이 필요한 강력 범죄나 화재가 발생하였을 경우 이를 제때에 가지 못하여 이에 따른 인명 피해 등이 발생할 수 있게 된다. 또한 허위 신고로 말미암은 경찰력과 행정력의 낭비 또한 매우 심각한 문제를 야기할 수 있다. 이를 위해 본 논문에서는 경찰서에 신고 된 실제 음원을 기반으로 실제 신고와 허위 신고의 음성 차이가 무엇 인지를 규명해 내는 연구를 수행하고자 한다. 아울러 향후 이를 기반으로 거짓 신고와 실제 신고를 판별해 내는 허위 신고 판별 시스템을 개발하고자 한다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.203-210
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• 2021

BACKGROUND: Pesticides can persist in soil due to multiannual uses. To decrease the concerns for potential carry-over of such residues from treated soil during preceding crop cultivation to non-target crops grown in rotation, an uptake study of procymidone was conducted under the actual cultivation conditions in Korea. METHODS AND RESULTS: Procymidone was sprayed twice by foliar application with recommended and double dose according to the safe use guidelines for Korean cabbage up to 14 days before harvest. Arable land was kept fallow for 4 days after harvesting Korean cabbage, and spinach was cultivated as a succeeding crop. Initial residues in soil were 5.670-14.175 mg/kg that were degraded to 3.098-4.555 mg/kg until harvest of Korean cabbage, and then persisted at 1.026-1.300 mg/kg by spinach harvest. Procymidone residues in edible part of succeeding crops from soil uptake were in range of 0.020-0.048 mg/kg for recommended dose and 0.055-0.116 mg/kg for double dose. Root concentration factor (RCF) values of procymidone at different concentration ranged from 0.053 to 0.123, and translocation factor (TF) ranged from 0.176 to 0.768 for spinach. The value of TF was higher than RCF, indicating that the capability of translocation to shoot was relatively higher than that of root uptake and accumulation. CONCLUSION: Procymidone applied on Korean cabbage can be carried-over to spinach and detected at a level similar to MRL (0.05^T mg/kg). Therefore, this study suggests a follow-up study for establishment of plant back interval (PBI) of succeeding crops reflecting the actual agricultural conditions as this study.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.73-87
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• 2014

The study researches the actual preparations for elderhood as well as recognizes general preparations for it, and analyzes the demand for educational programs on elderly life. Married women aged 35 years to 60 years who live in Jeju province were surveyed. The data were analyzed according to frequency, t-test, and one way ANOVA analysis. The results of this study are as follows: First, most middle-aged women aren't prepared for elderhood. Second, regarding the contents of the educational programs on elderly life, it was found that the following were in high demand: that the part of life design establishes positive old-age form, maintenance of good health, investment knowledge, leisure activities, and effective communication with family members. Third, significant differences in demand for educational programson elderlylife were found according to age, the age of the last child, income, the age at which one prepares for elderhood, and the amount of funds reserved for elderhood.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.100-106
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• 2012

Recently, the demand to acquire and improve durability performance has steadily risen in rubber components design. In design process of a rubber component, an analytical prediction is the most effective way to improve fatigue life. Existing methods of analytical estimation have mainly used an equation for fatigue life obtained from fatigue test data. However, such formula is rarely used due to costs and time required for fatigue testing, as well as randomness of rubber materials. In this paper, we describe fatigue life estimation of rubber component using only the results from a relatively simple tearing test. We estimated fatigue life of the Janggu type fatigue specimen and the automotive motor mount, and evaluated reliability of the proposed method by comparing the estimated values with actual test results.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2018

This study develops a model to estimate the economic life of the large-diameter water supply pipeline in Korea by supplementing existing methods used to perform similar calculations. To evaluate the developed methodology, the model was applied to the actual target area with the conveyance pipe in P waterworks. The application yielded an economic life computation of 39.7 years, considering the cost of damages, maintenance, and renewal of the pipeline. Based on a sensitivity analysis of the derived results, the most important factor influencing the economic life expectancy was the predicted failure rate. The methodology for estimating the economic life of the water supply pipeline proposed in this study is one of the core processes of basic waterworks facility management planning. Therefore, the methods and results proposed in this study may be applied to asset management planning for water service providers.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.41-56
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of economic status on the difficulties of family life focusing on the mediating effects of family communication and family ties. A total of 386 people were surveyed, and data from 352 were used for the actual data analysis. For the analysis, technical statistical analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis, and a Sobel test were conducted. The results were as follows.: First, the correlation analysis confirmed that there are statistically significant correlations among the economic status of households, family communication, family ties, and the difficulties of family life. Second, the economic status of households directly influences the difficulties of family by mediating family communication and family ties. This study identified that family communication and family ties affect the improvement of difficulties in family life. It suggests that improving economic status, promoting communication among family members, and strengthening family ties can help solve the difficulties of family life.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.567-580
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• 2000

This paper proposes an integrated approach, which is independent of specimen geometry and loading type, for predicting the fatigue life of spot welded specimens. We first establish finite element models reflecting the actual specimen behaviors observed on the experimental load-deflection curves of 4 types of single spot welded specimens. Using finite element models elaborately established, we then evaluate fracture parameter J-integral to describe the effects of specimen geometry and loading type on the fatigue life in a comprehensive manner. It is confirmed, however, that J-integral concept alone is insufficient to clearly explain the generalized relationship between load and fatigue life of spot welded specimens. On this ground, we introduce another effective parameter $J_e$ composed of $J_I$, $J_{II}$, $J_{III}$, which has been demonstrated here to more sharply define the relationship between load and fatigue life of 4 types of spot welded specimens. The crack surface displacement method is adopted for decomposition of J, and the mechanism of the mixed mode fracture is also discussed in detail as a motivation of using $J_e$.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.47-51
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• 2011

This paper analyzes the fatigue-life of welded joints using the notch stress approach. In the notch stress approach, the notch effects are usually approximated by introducing weld-bead parameters for the local detailed weld joints. The actual bead shape is complex and 3-dimensional. It may also greatly influence the fatigue strength. In this study, the welded shape was modeled using a 3D-scanner. The critical distance method was adopted in the evaluation of the fatigue effective notch stress for the weldments. Fatigue life tests were performed to verify the present method of fatigue life estimation for two types of welded plates with longitudinal attachments. The estimated results of the present methods were applied to the results of the experiment. The results of the analysis showed that the scatter of fatigue-life for the experimental data expressed in the nominal stress was significantly reduced by applying the effective fatigue stress of the present study.