• 제목/요약/키워드: active antenna

검색결과 288건 처리시간 0.027초

인가전압에 따른 모의변압기의 HFPD 특성분석 (HFPD Characteristic Analysis of Simulated Transformer According To Applied Voltage)

  • 김덕근;임영삼;임장섭;문채주;이진
    • 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한전기학회 2000년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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    • pp.1957-1959
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    • 2000
  • The PD measurement method is very useful to detect insulation degradation. Recently, the HFPD(High Frequency Partial Discharge) measurement testing is widely used in partial discharge measurement of HV machines because HFPD measurement testing receives less influence of external noise and has a merit of good sensitivity. Therefore it is very useful method compare to previous conventional PD testing method and effective diagnosis method in power transformer that requires in-service diagnosis. But partial discharges have very complex characteristics of discharge pattern so it is required continuous research to development of precise analysis method. In this study, simulated transformer is manufactured and HFPD occurred from simulated transformer is measured with broad band antenna and active-line RF measurement system in real time, the degradation grade of transformer is analyzed through produced patterns in simulated transformer according to applied voltages. Also the PD pattern which was measured with EMC analyzer and RF measurement system is compared.

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감쇠비 불확실성을 고려한 유연구조물의 H 제어기 설계 (H Controller Design of Flexible Space Structure with the Uncertainty of Damping Ratio)

  • 채장수;박태원
    • 대한기계학회논문집A
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    • 제26권4호
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    • pp.602-608
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    • 2002
  • The flexible structure like solar array and antenna in spacecraft shows very sensitive responses to the inner or outer disturbance and noise. And the spacecraft becomes more complex and larger as it has various mission and role. But since the spacecraft need to have the limited mass, the thin and light material should be selected and this necessity induces the decrease d natural frequency and structural stiffness. It reduces the ability of adapting to the disturbance and induces the structural unstability. Certainly, the disturbance does not only make the structural unstability, but also give the bad effect to the precise attitude control. So it is necessary to control the vibration in the space. In this paper, the flexible structure control modeling with piezo sensor and piezo actuator is developed. The model uncertainty of damping ratio is overcome by robust control. The system equation is induced by the finite element method.

Identification and Expression Analysis of Chloroplast p-psbB Gene Differentially Expressed in Wild Ginseng

  • Kim, Doo-Young;Kwon, Ki-Rok;Kang, Won-Mo;Jeon, Eun-Yi;Jang, Jun-Hyeog
    • 대한약침학회지
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    • 제15권1호
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    • pp.18-22
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    • 2012
  • Panax ginseng is a well-known herbal medicine in traditional Asian medicine. Although wild ginseng is widely accepted to be more active than cultivated ginseng in chemoprevention, little has actually been reported on the difference between wild ginseng and cultivated ginseng. Using suppressive subtraction hybridization, we cloned the p-psbB gene as a candidate target gene for a wild ginseng-specific gene. Here, we report that one of the clones isolated in this screen was the chloroplast p-psbB gene, a chlorophyll a-binding inner antenna protein in the photosystem II complex, located in the lipid matrix of the thylakoid membrane. Real-time results showed that the expression of the p-psbB gene was significantly up-regulated in wild ginseng as compared to cultivated ginseng. Thus, the p-psbB gene may be one of the important markers of wild ginseng.

A Study on 3D RTLS at Port Container Yards Using the Extended Kalman Filter

  • Kim, Joeng-Hoon;Lee, Hyun-Woo;Kwon, Soon-Ryang
    • International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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    • 제7권4호
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    • pp.228-235
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    • 2007
  • The main purpose of this paper is to manage the container property effectively at the container yard by applying the RTLS technology to the field of port logistics. Yet, many kinds of noises happen to be inputted with the distance value(between the reader and the tag) which is to be inputted into the location identification algorithm, which makes the distance value jumped due to the system noise of the ultrasonic sensor module and the measurement noise. The Kalman Filter is widely used to prevent this jump occurrence; the noises are eliminated by using the EKF(Extended Kalman Filter) while considering that the distance information of the ultrasonic sensor is non-linear. Also, the 3D RTLS system at the port container yard suggested in this research is designed not to be interrupted for its ultrasonic transmission by positioning the antenna at the front of each sector of the container where the active tags are installed. We positioned the readers, which function as antennas for location identification, to four places randomly in the absolute coordinate and let the positions of the active tags identified by using the distance data delivered from the active tags. For the location identification algorithm used in this paper, the triangulation measurement that is most used in general is applied and newly reorganized to calculate the position of the container. In the first experiment, we dealt with the error resulting in the angle and the distance of the ultrasonic sensor module, which is the most important in the hardware performance; in the second, we evaluated the performance of the location identification algorithm, which is the most important in the software performance, and tested the noise cancellation effects for the EKF. According to the experiment result, the ultrasonic sensor showed an average of 3 to 5cm error up to $45^{\circ}$ in case of $60^{\circ}$ or more, non-reliable linear distances were obtained. In addition, the evaluation of the algorithm performance showed an average of $4^{\circ}{\sim}5^{\circ}$ error due to the error of the linear distance-this error is negligible for most container location identifications. Lastly, the experiment results of noise cancellation and jump preservation by using the EKF showed that noises were removed in the distance information which was entered from the input of the ultrasonic sensor and as a result, only signal was extracted; thus, jumps were able to be removed and the exact distance information between the ultrasonic sensors could be obtained.

Photochemical Response Analysis on Drought Stress for Red Pepper (Capsiumannuum L.)

  • Yoo, Sung-Yung;Lee, Yong-Ho;Park, So-Hyun;Choi, Kyong-Mi;Park, June-Young;Kim, A-Ram;Hwang, Su-Min;Lee, Min-Ju;Ko, Tae-Seok;Kim, Tae-Wan
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제46권6호
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    • pp.659-664
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    • 2013
  • The aim of this study is to determine the drought stress index through photochemical analysis in red pepper (Capsiumannuum L.). The photochemical interpretation was performed in the basis of the relation between Kautsky effect and Photosystem II (PSII) following the measurement of chlorophyll, pheophytin contents, and $CO_2$ assimilation in drought stressed 5-week-old red pepper plants. The $CO_2$ assimilation rate was severely lowered with almost 77% reduction of chlorophyll and pheophytin contents at four days after non-irrigation. It was clearly observed that the chlorophyll fluorescence intensity rose from a minimum level (the O level), in less than one second, to a maximum level (the P-level) via two intermediate steps labeled J and I (OJIP process). Drought factor index (DFI) was also calculated using measured OJIP parameters. The DFI was -0.22, meaning not only the initial inhibition of PSII but also sequential inhibition of PSI. In real, most of all photochemical parameters such as quantum yield of the electron transport flux from Quinone A ($Q_A$) to Quinone B ($Q_B$), quantum yield of the electron transport flux until the PSI electron acceptors, quantum yield of the electron transport flux until the PSI electron acceptors, average absorbed photon flux per PSII reaction center, and electron transport flux until PSI acceptors per cross section were profoundly reduced except number of QA reducing reaction centers (RCs) per PSII antenna chlorophyll (RC/ABS). It was illuminated that at least 6 parameters related with quantum yield/efficiency and specific energy fluxes (per active PSII RC) could be applied to be used as the drought stress index. Furthermore, in the combination of parameters, driving forces (DF) for photochemical activity could be deduced from the performance index (PI) for energy conservation from photons absorbed by PSII antenna until the reduction of PSI acceptors. In conclusion, photochemical responses and their related parameters can be used as physiological DFI.

연직바람 관측장비를 위한 지형 클러터 방지 펜스 설계 (Design of Ground Clutter Prevention Fences for Radar Wind Profiler)

  • 정우재;이종철;전정익;이형기
    • 한국ITS학회 논문지
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    • 제21권6호
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    • pp.241-249
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    • 2022
  • 본 논문에서는 연직바람 관측장비에 적용한 지형 클러터 방지 펜스 설계에 대하여 논한다. 연직바람 관측장비를 위한 클러터 펜스의 핵심 설계 포인트는 측면에서 들어오는 비기상 클러터를 제거하여 수신신호의 품질을 향상시켜 연직바람 관측장비의 신뢰도를 높이기 위함이다. 이를 위해 본 논문에서는 연직바람 관측장비 주위에 메탈라스 메쉬망으로 구성된 클러터 방지 펜스를 제안하고, 모의시험을 통해 안테나 위상중심, 하단펜스의 길이와 높이, 상단펜스의 높이 및 기울기를 설계하였다. 설계된 클러터 방지 펜스와 256 능동위상 배열 안테나를 기초 자료로 활용하여 설계된 클러터 방지 펜스의 유무에 따라 ±90° 방향의 사이드로브가 약 30dB 이상 감소되는 것을 시뮬레이션을 통해 확인하였다. 설계된 클러터 방지 펜스는 3D 모델링을 통해 제작하였고, 현재 운용되고 있는 연직바람 관측장비에 적용하여 안테나 측면(±90°)에서 약 20dB이상의 클러터 차폐 성능을 확인하였다.

BST 후막의 가변 유전특성과 큐리온도에 관한 연구 (Tunable Dielectric Properties and Curie Temperature with BST Thick Films)

  • 김인성;송재성;민복기;전소현
    • 대한전기학회논문지:전기물성ㆍ응용부문C
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    • 제55권8호
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    • pp.392-398
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    • 2006
  • The properties of tunable dielectric materials on RF frequency band are important high tunability and low loss for RF variable devices, variable capacitor, phased array antenna and other components application. Various composite of BST(barium strontium titanate) ratio combined with other non-electrical active oxide ceramics have been formulated for such uses. We present the tunable properties and Curie temperature on BST thick films. The grain growth of the weight ratio of $BaTiO_3$ increased. This can be explained by the substitute $Sr^{2+}$ ion for $Ba^{2+}$ ion in the $BaTiO_3$ system. The Curie temperature was shifted to lower temperature with increasing $SrTiO_3$in the $BaTiO_3-SrTiO_3$ system, because of decreasing the lattice constant. Also, the dielectric constant, tunability and K-factor of $(Ba_xSr_{1-x})TiO_3$ at over the Curie temperature decreased, at over the $60^{\circ}C$ fixation, maximum dielectric constant at Curie temperature and hence sharper phase transformation occurred at Curie temperature. The result were interpreted as a process of internal stress relaxation resulting form the increase of $90^{\circ}$ domains induced the BST. As a result, It is concluded that over the Curie temperature, frequency response and DC field effect for the tunable properties of BST thick film are suppressed by the transition broadening. For the application of tunable devices, that the curie temperature was investigated to be increased.

소형화된 1.6 GHz 단일 채널 도플러 센서를 이용한 실시간 호흡 및 심장 박동 감지기 (Real-Time Respiration and Heartbeat Detector Using a Compact 1.6 GHz Single-Channel Doppler Sensor)

  • 이현우;박일호;김동욱
    • 한국전자파학회논문지
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    • 제18권4호
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    • pp.379-388
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    • 2007
  • 본 논문에서는 사람의 생체 신호를 감지하기 위해 1.6 GHz 단일 채널 도플러 센서와 아날로그 및 디지털 신호 처리부로 구성되어 있는 실시간 호흡 및 심장 박동 감지기를 개발하였다. 도플러 센서의 RF Front End는 발진기, 믹서, 저잡음 증폭기, 브랜치-라인 하이브리드, 그리고 패치 안테나로 구성되어 있다. 센서에 사용된 브랜치-라인 하이브리드는 기존의 하이브리드에 비해 40 % 정도 크기를 줄이면서도 상당히 유사한 성능을 가지도록 인공 전송 선로(artificial transmission line)를 사용하였다. 아날로그 신호처리부는 2차 Sallen-Key 능동 필터를 사용하여 제작되었고 디지털 신호 처리부는 LabVIEW를 사용하여 컴퓨터상에서 구현되었다. 개발된 시스템은 최대 50 cm 거리에서 사람의 호흡과 심장 박동을 측정함으로써 성능을 검증하였다.

X 대역 소형 디지털 위상 천이기 설계 (X-band Compact Digital Phase Shifter Design)

  • 엄순영;전순익;육종관;박한규
    • 한국전자파학회논문지
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    • 제13권9호
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    • pp.907-915
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    • 2002
  • 본 논문에서는 위성 통신용 능동 위상 배열 안테나 시스템에 적용할 소형 디지털 위상 천이기 구조를 제안하였다. 포개진 브랜치라인 하이브리드를 기본 소자로 사용하는 반사형 위상 천이기 구조로서 우모드 및 기모드 해석 방법을 사용하여 이론적인 해석 및 설계 변수들을 유도하였다. 또한, 제안한 구조의 전기적인 성능을 실험적으로 확인하기 위하여, 유전율이 2.17인 테프론 기판을 사용하여 X 대역 4비트 위상 천이기를 설계, 제작하였다. 제작된 회로의 크기는 3.5 cm $\times$ 3.0 cm보다 작았으며, 기존의 비결합 구조에 비하여 적어도 50 % 이상의 크기 절감을 가져왔다. 제작된 위상 천이기의 실험 결과는 7.9 - 8.4 GHz 동작 대역내에서 평균 삽입 손실 및 삽입 손실 변화가 각각 3.5 dB, $\pm$ 0.6 dB이하였으며, 입출력 반사 손실은 10 dB 이상이었다. 또한, $\pm$3$^{\circ}$의 rms 위상오차 범위 내에서 원하는 4비트 위상 특성 변화를 보여주었다.

역지향성 능동배열 안테나용 2-Port 주파수 혼합기의 설계 (Design of a 2-Port Frequency Mixer for Active Retrodirective Array Applications)

  • 전중창;김태수;김현덕
    • 한국정보통신학회논문지
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    • 제9권2호
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    • pp.397-401
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    • 2005
  • 본 논문에서는 역지향성 능동배열 안테나용 2-포트 주파수 혼합기를 설계 제작하였다. 역지향성 안테나는 임의의 방향에서 입사하는 전파를 그 방향으로 되돌려 복사시키는 안테나 배열 시스템으로서, 반사파가 입사 반대방향으로 파면(wave front)을 갖도록 하기 위해서는 입사신호의 위상을 180도 천이 시키는 공액 위상변위기가 필요하다. 역지향성 배열에서 공액 위상변위기는 주파수 혼합기로 구현할 수 있다. 2-포트 주파수 혼합기는, 일반적인 3-포트 구조와 달리, RF/IF 신호를 동일 포트에서 사용함으로써 입력단의 신호 결합회로를 사용하지 않아도 되며, 임피던스 정합이 용이하다는 장점을 갖는다. 회로 제작을 위한 비선형소자로 p-HEMT가 사용되었으며, -10 dBm의 LO 전력을 인가하였을 때, 변환손실 -1 dB와 RF 전력 -15 dBm의 1-dB 억압점(compression point)이 측정되었다.