• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.250-256
• /
• 2009

Acinetobacter strain $KNF2022^T$ was isolated from tobacco plant roots during the screening of antiviral substances having inhibitory effects on Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and examined by phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and genetic characterization. It was a nonmotile, Gram-negative bacterium. This strain contained Q-9 as the main respiratory quinone. The major cellular fatty acids of the isolate were 16:0, 18:1 w9c, and 16:1 w7c/15 iso 2OH. The DNA base composition was 44 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA sequence revealed that the isolate formed an evolutionary lineage distinct from other Acinetobacter species. Based on the evaluation of morphologic, physiologic, and chemotaxonomic characteristics, DNA-DNA hybridization values, and 16S rRNA sequence comparison, we propose the new species Acinetobacter antiviralis sp. nov., the type strain of which is $KNF2022^T$ (=KCTC $0699BP^T$).

• Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.290-298
• /
• 2020

A large residual fraction of aliphatic components of diesel prevails in soil, which has adverse effects on the environment. This study identified the most bio-recalcitrant aliphatic residual fraction of diesel through total petroleum-hydrocarbon fractional analysis. For this, the strain Acinetobacter sp. K-6 was isolated, identified, and characterized and investigated its ability to degrade diesel and n-alkanes (C₁₈, C₂₀, and C₂₂). The removal efficiency was analysed after treatment with bacteria and nutrients in various soil microcosms. The fractional analysis of diesel degradation after treatment with the bacterial strains identified C₁₈-C₂₂ hydrocarbons as the most bio-recalcitrant aliphatic fraction of diesel oil. Acinetobacter sp. K-6 degraded 59.2% of diesel oil and 56.4% of C₁₈-C₂₂ hydrocarbons in the contaminated soil. The degradation efficiency was further improved using a combinatorial approach of biostimulation and bioaugmentation, which resulted in 76.7% and 73.7% higher degradation of diesel oil and C₁₈-C₂₂ hydrocarbons, respectively. The findings of this study suggest that the removal of mid-length, non-volatile hydrocarbons is affected by the population of bio-degraders and the nutrients used in the process of remediation. A combinatorial approach, including biostimulation and bioaugmentation, could be used to effectively remove large quantities of aliphatic hydrocarbons persisting for a longer period in the soil.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
• /
• 제7권5호
• /
• pp.327-330
• /
• 2002

Two polyacrylamide degrading bacterial strains, No. 2 and No. 11, were isolated from soil, and identified as Bacillus sphaericus No.2 and Acinetobacter sp. No. 11, respectively. Both strains grew on medium containing polyacrylamide as sole carbon and nitrogen sources. B. sphaericus No. 2 and A. sp. No. 11 reduced by 16% and 19%of the initial polyacrylamide concentration, respectively. Optimal pH and temperature in growth of Acinetobacter sp. No. 11 were 8.0 and $37^{\circ}C$, respectively. After 14-day cultivation of A. sp. No. 11, the average molecular weight of polyacrylamide has been shifted from $2.3{\times}10^6\;to\;0.5{\time}106$.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제25권5호
• /
• pp.885-891
• /
• 1996

전통발효 식품인 멸치 젓갈은 영양적 특성과 우수한 기능성으로 인하여 한국적인 식단에서 매우 중요한 부분을 차지하고 있는 조미식품 중의 하나이다. 멸치젓갈은 원료와 제조 기법상에 있어서 위생학적인 안정성과 함께 개선해야 할 많은 문제점을 가지고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 주로 멸치 젓갈의 숙성에 관여하는 미생물상과 미생물의 분리 방법 그리고 최종 제품의 품질향상을 위하여 추진해야 할 연구 방향 등에 대하여 고찰하였다. 멸치젓갈에 관여하는 미생물은 세균속에서는 Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp., Pediococus sp. 및 Micrococcus sp. 등의 균속이 우세하며, 그 외 Vibrio sp., Clostridium sp., Serratia sp., Achromobacter sp., Streptococcus sp., Brevibacterium sp., Halobacterrium sp., Flavobacterium sp., Corynebacterium sp., Acinetobacter sp., Sarcina sp.와 Staphylococcus sp. 등이, 효모균속에서는 Torulopsis sp. 및 Saccharomyces sp. 등이 분리되는 것으로 보고되었다. 젓갈 제조 공정의 과학화와 제품의 균일성을 위해서는 이러한 복합 미생물 중 우수균주를 유전자 조작으로 개량시켜 발효 및 숙성 기간의 단축과 동시에 최종제품의 품질을 향상시킨다. 그리고 품질표준화를 위해서는 유용미 생물을 탐색하여 다양한 제품 개발과 아울러 최종제품의 상품성을 유지 할 수 있는 위생학적인 관리로써 유통 안정성을 확보하여야 할 것이다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.293-296
• /
• 2004

During the screening of antiviral substances having inhibitory effects on Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) infection on tobacco plants, we found a bacterial isolate KTB3, and identified it as Acinetobacter sp. which strongly inhibited the infection of TMV When the culture filtrate from KTB3 was applied on the upper surface of the Xanthi-nc tobacco leaves at the same time, or 24 hours before TMV inoculation, almost complete inhibition was achieved. Likewise, 86% inhibition was achieved, when the culture filtrate was applied on the underside of the leaves. In field trials, transmission of TMV from diseased seedlings to healthy ones during transplanting work was reduced by 92%, when the culture filtrate was sprayed onto the tobacco seedlings, cv. NC82, 24 hours before transplanting. No toxic effect was observed on the tobacco plants. Antiviral substance from the culture filtrate was purified by ethanol precipitation, dialysis, DEAE-cellulose, and Sephadex G75 gel column chromatography. The partially purified active material which showed positive color reaction to sugar and protein inhibited TMV infection by 60% at 1 ${\mu}$g/ml.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제25권5호
• /
• pp.520-526
• /
• 1997

Bacterial strains which degrade Arabian Light crude oil were isolated by enrichment culture from oil-spilled soil. The strain A54 was finally selected after testing emulsifying activity and oil conversion rate. Strain A54 was identified as a Acinetobacter sp. based on the morphological, biochemical and physiological characteristics. It appears to be highly specialized for growth on Arabian Light crude oil in minimal salts medium since it showed preference for oil or degradation products as substrates for growth. It was found that it could grow on at least fifteen different hydrocarbons. The optimum cultural and environmental conditions were as follows; 25$\circ$C for temperature, 7,5 for pH, 2.0% for NaCl concentration and 2.0% for crude oil concentration. Additionally, the optimal concentration of NH$_{4}$NO$_{3}$, and K$_{2}$HPO$_{4}$, were 12.5 mM and 0.057 mM, respectively. Cell growth and emulsifying activity as a function of time were also determined. Crude oil degradation and the reduction of product peaks were identified by the analysis of remnant oil by gas chromatography. Approximately 63% of crude oil were converted into a form no longer extractable by mixed organic solvents.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.77-84
• /
• 2014

This study was conducted to investigate the bacterial capability to accumulate phosphorus during liquid composting process of pig slurry. Storage liquid compost and pig slurry were analyzed by using MALDI-TOF technique, which showed the colonies of Acinetobacter towneri and Bacillus licheniformis. In addition, bacterial colonies were isolated under high phosphoric acid conditions using X-phosphate MOPS medium with the addition of 2 mM $K_2HPO_4$. Microbial growth was observed in high and low phosphoric conditions due to the growth of bacterial diversities in the liquid fertilizer and slurry. The colonies isolated in the high phosphoric acid medium were uncultured bacterium clone and Acinetobacter sp. were identified by analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences. Uncultured bacterium showed higher growth rate and excellent phosphorus ability then Acinetobacter sp.. In addition to Paenibacillus sp. AEY-1 isolated from pig slurry performed excellent phosphorus utilizing capability.

• Journal of Microbiology
• /
• 제35권1호
• /
• pp.30-39
• /
• 1997

Acinetobacter sp. strain JC1 DSM 3803, a carboxydobacterium, was found to grow methylotrophically at the expense of methanol and methlamine, but not of methane, formaldehyde, formate, dimethylamine, or trimethylamine, as the sole source of carbon and energy. The doubling times of the bacterium growing on methanol (0.5%, v/v) and methylamine (0.5%, w/v) at 3$0^{\circ}C$ and pH 6.8 were 4.8 h and 5.7 h, respectively. Cells grown on methanol, however, failed to show typical methanol dehydrogenase and oxidase activities. The cell was found to contain no c-type cytochromes. Cells grown on methanol exhibited higher catalase activity than those grown on pyruvate or glucose. The catalase present in the cells also exhibited peroxidase activity. The catalase activity, growth on methanol of the cell, and oxygen consumption by methanol-grown maldehyde dehydrogenase, formaldehyde reductase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase activities were detected from cells grown on methanol.

• 미생물학회지
• /
• 제52권3호
• /
• pp.254-259
• /
• 2016

시드로포어인 2, 3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB)를 생산하는 Acinetobacter sp. B-W의 플라스미드를 분석한 결과, 20 kb 크기의 플라스미드를 함유하였다. 배양 온도 $43^{\circ}C$ 가 플라스미드가 제거된 돌연변이체 생산에 효과적이었다. 이 돌연변이체는 2,3-DHB 생산 능력을 소실하였으며, chrome azurol S (CAS) 아가 배지에서 시드로포어 생산이 검출되지 않았다. 포도당과 황산 망간을 함유한 배지에서 $28^{\circ}C$로 3일간 배양한 B-W 원 균주와 돌연변이체의 배양 상등액의 pH는 각각 4.5와 8.5로 나타났다. 돌연변이체에서는 ampicillin, actinomycin D, bacitracin, lincomycin과 vancomycin 같은 항생제에 대한 저항성이 사라졌으며, 이러한 항생제에 대한 최소 억제 농도(MIC)가 급격하게 감소하였다. B-W 균주에서 분리한 플라스미드로 대장균을 형질전환시킨 결과, 원 균주와 같은 크기의 플라스미드가 이 형질전환 대장균에서 발견되었다. 플라스미드가 제거된 돌연변이체에서는 플라스미드가 발견되지 않았다. 20 kb 크기의 플라스미드에 2,3-DHB 생산 유전자와 여러 항생제 저항성 유전자가 자리잡고 있는 것으로 추정된다.

• 미생물학회지
• /
• 제53권2호
• /
• pp.97-102
• /
• 2017

포도당과 글루탐산을 함유한 배지에서 시드로포어인 2, 3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB)를 생산하는 Acinetobacter sp. B-W 균주를 글루탐산을 유일한 탄소원과 질소원으로 함유한 배지에 배양한 결과, 상등액에서 2, 3-DHB가 아닌 카테콜 형의 시드로포어를 생산하는 것으로 조사되었다. 글루탐산의 농도는 3%에서 시드로포어 생산이 최고로 나타났으며, 3% 보다 높은 농도에서는 감소하는 것으로 조사되었다. 글루탐산을 유일한 탄소원과 질소원으로 함유한 배지에서 자란 균주 B-W는 배양 온도 $28^{\circ}C$에서는 시드로포어를 생산하지만 $36^{\circ}C$에서는 생산하지 않았다. 또한 $10{\mu}M\;FeCl_3$를첨가한 배지에서는 시드로포어 생산이 완전히 억제되었다. 글루탐산 배지에서 생산된 균주 B-W의 시드로포어는 TLC 전개 용매 butanol: acetic acid: water =12:3:5에서 Rf치가 0.32로 나타나 Rf치가 0.82인 2, 3-DHB와는 다른 것으로 조사되었으며, 또한 항산화 활성도 없는 것으로 나타나 항산화 활성을 가진 2, 3-DHB와는 다른 시드로포어인 것으로 추정되었다.