• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.43-49
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• 1996

Modulation of the catabolic PEP-pathway of Anaerobiospirillum succiniciproducens was tried using some enzymatic inhibitors such as gases and chemicals in order to enhance succinic acid production. 10$\%$ CO increased the succinic acid/acetic acid (S/A) ratio but inhibited growth as well as production of succinic and acetic acid. Hydrogen gas also increased the S/A ratio and inhibited the synthesis of pyruvate: ferredoxin oxidoreductase when used in mixture with $CO_2$, Catabolic repression by acetic, lactic and formic acid was not recognized and other modulators such as glyoxylate, pyruvate derivatives, arsenic salt, phosphate and sulfate were shown not to be effective. Magesium carbonate was shown effective for repressing acetate production. Palmitic acid, myristic acid and phenylalanine did not affect acetate production but carprylic acid completely inhibited growth.

• 생약학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.235-238
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• 1990

Fatty acids, sterols and amino acids were confirmed from seeds of Acanthopanax senticosus for. inermis Harms. Fatty acids were isolated from petroleum ether extract and identified by gas liquid chromatography. Its composition was myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid and behenic acid. The composition of sterols that isolated from n-hexane extract were determined by GC/MS. It was confirmed to be a mixture of ${\beta}-sitosterol$ and stigmasterol. And several kinds of amino acids-cysteic acid, threonine, serine, proline, glutamic acid, glycine, alanine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, histidine, lysine and arginine-were confirmed from water fraction.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.67-72
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• 2013

인화점은 공기와 섞인 가연성 증기의 농도가 발화하기에 충분할 때의 최저 온도로, 가연성 액체 용액의 화재 및 폭발 위험성을 분석하는데 사용되는 주된 물리적 특성치이다. 단일 성분의 인화점 정보는 여러 문헌에서 얻을 수 있으나, 가연성 이성분계 혼합물의 인화점은 충분히 제공되어 있지 않다. 본 연구의 목적은 이성분계 가연성 액체 혼합물인 아세트산-포름산계의 인화점을 측정하고, 산출하는 것이다. 인화점 측정은 Cleveland 개방식 장치를 사용하였고, 실험값은 van Laar 식과 Wilson 식을 활용한 최적화 기법에 의해 산출된 값과 비교하였다. 그리고 라울의 법칙에 의해 산출된 값과 비교되었다. 그 결과, 최적화 기법에 의한 산출값이 Rauolt의 법칙에 의한 산출값보다 실험값에 보다 근접하였다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.57-67
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• 2018

Background: Ginseng contains many small metabolites such as amino acids, fatty acids, carbohydrates, and ginsenosides. However, little is known about the relationships between microorganisms and metabolites during the entire ginseng fermentation process. We investigated metabolic changes during ginseng fermentation according to the inoculation of food-compatible microorganisms. Methods: Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) datasets coupled with the multivariate statistical method for the purpose of latent-information extraction and sample classification were used for the evaluation of ginseng fermentation. Four different starter cultures (Saccharomyces bayanus, Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Leuconostoc mesenteroide) were used for the ginseng extract fermentation. Results: The principal component analysis score plot and heat map showed a clear separation between ginseng extracts fermented with S. bayanus and other strains. The highest levels of fructose, maltose, and galactose in the ginseng extracts were found in ginseng extracts fermented with B. subtilis. The levels of succinic acid and malic acid in the ginseng extract fermented with S. bayanus as well as the levels of lactic acid, malonic acid, and hydroxypruvic acid in the ginseng extract fermented with lactic acid bacteria (L. plantarum and L. mesenteroide) were the highest. In the results of taste features analysis using an electronic tongue, the ginseng extracts fermented with lactic acid bacteria were significantly distinguished from other groups by a high index of sour taste probably due to high lactic acid contents. Conclusion: These results suggest that a metabolomics approach based on GC-MS can be a useful tool to understand ginseng fermentation and evaluate the fermentative characteristics of starter cultures.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제12권
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• pp.43-51
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• 1969

우리나라 주요 식품들의 단백질 아미노산 함량을 최근에 와서 크게 실용화되고 있는 GLC 방법에 의해 분석함에 있어서 GLC의 기술적 재평가를 하고자 시험 하였든바 1. 우선 여러식품들의 단백질 질소함량을 조사하여 GLC 분석에 필요한 시료량을 정하였으며 2. GLC에 주입한 17종 아미노산들이 대하여 조사한 결과 Arginine, Cystine, Histidine, Tyrosine을 제외한 13종만이 주입한 량에 비례하여 detector response 를 얻었다. 3. 13종 아미노산에 대한 RMR 치(値)를 얻었다. 4. 아미노산에 대한 recovery 검정(檢定)을 하였든바 거의 100% 가까이 recover되었으며, 가수분해가 recovery에 미치는 영향을 조사하였든바 별 영향이 없었음을 알았다. 5. GLC와 ion-exchange chromatography 분석법을 비교시험하였든바 백어포 시료에 있어서는 Threonine과 Asparagine만이 두 방법에서 거의 같게 나왔고 다른 아미노산들은 GLC에서 보다 많은량이 나타났다. 6. 각식품들에 대한 단백질 아미노산함량을 측정하였든바 식품종류에 따라 그리고 보리 및 대두에 있어서는 품종에 따라서도 아미노산 함량이 다르게 나타났다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.275-279
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• 2001

품질관련 성분 중 총질소, 총아미노산, 엽록소 및 비타민 C는 $CO_2$ gas 3시간 혐기처리가 타처리에 비해 함량이 약간 많았으며, 탄닌은 공기 처리가 카페인은 진공처리에서 함량이 약간 많은 경향이었다. 유리당은 $CO_2$ gas 처리가 2,050mg/100g으로 타처리에 비해 ${31{\sim}449mg/100g}$정도 많았다. 혐기처리시 GABA와 alanine이 축적되는데, GABA함량은 ${N_2\;CO_2}$ gas 처리가 무처리 (350mg/100g)에 비해 215mg/100g과 264mg/100g으로 $6{\sim}8$배 많았다. 제다품질은 무처리 80.4점에 비해 $N_2$, $CO_2$ gas 처리 각각 80.0, 80.3점으로 차이가 거의 없었으나, 공기 및 진공처리는 각각 78.3, 78.9점으로 약간 품질이 저하되는 경향이었다. $N_2$나 $CO_2$ gas처리 후 제다된 녹차는 기능성분인 GABA함량이 무처리에 비해 $6{\sim}8$배 많고, 제다 품질도 양호하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.473-481
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• 2018

Owing to its high protein secretion capacity, simple nutritional requirements, and GRAS (generally regarded as safe) status, Bacillus licheniformis is widely used as a host for the industrial production of enzymes, antibiotics, and peptides. However, as compared with its close relative Bacillus subtilis, little is known about the physiology and stress responses of B. licheniformis. To explore its temperature-stress metabolome, B. licheniformis strains ATCC 14580 and B186, with respective optimal growth temperatures of $42^{\circ}C$ and $50^{\circ}C$, were cultured at $42^{\circ}C$, $50^{\circ}C$, and $60^{\circ}C$ and their corresponding metabolic profiles were determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and multivariate statistical analyses. It was found that with increased growth temperatures, the two B. licheniformis strains displayed elevated cellular levels of proline, glutamate, lysine, pentadecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, heptadecanoic acid, and octadecanoic acid, and decreased levels of glutamine and octadecenoic acid. Regulation of amino acid and fatty acid metabolism is likely to be associated with the evolution of protective biochemical mechanisms of B. licheniformis. Our results will help to optimize the industrial use of B. licheniformis and other important Bacillus species.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.121-128
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• 2006

The interaction between adherent molecules and gas molecules was modeled in the molecular scale and simulated by the molecular dynamics method in order to understand evaporation and removal processes of adherent molecules on metallic surface using high temperature gas flow. Methanol molecules were chosen as adherent molecules to investigate effects of adhesion quantity and gas molecular collisions because the industrial oil has too complex structures of fatty acid. Effects of adherent quantity, gas temperature, surface temperature and adhesion strength for the evaporation rate of adherent molecules and the molecular removal mechanism were investigated and discussed in the present study. Evaporation and removal rates of adherent molecules from metallic surface calculated by the molecular dynamics method showed the similar dependence on the surface temperature shown in the experimental results.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1999년도 하계학술대회 논문집 E
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• pp.2224-2226
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• 1999

Non-thermal plasma techniques is applied in many fields. Recently acid rain, global warming, ozone depletion, and smog are preeminent environmental problems. The cause for this environmental problems is the flue gas. Non-thermal plasma techniques has an attention for the solution of flue gas. Non-thermal plasma is used for the removal of flue gas composed of NOx, etc. This field has grown dramatically. This experiment is performed by using cylinder type reactor under the condition of room temperature and atmosphere pressure. NO gas is used instead of flue gas. Bidirectional pulse generator is used instead of the unidirectional pulse generator to increase the efficiency.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.76-83
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• 1992

Wool tropical and nylon taffeta were treated with low temperature plasma of $O_2$, $N_2$, NH$_3$, CF$_4$ and CH$_4$ for the intervals of 10 to 300 sec, and then dyed with leveling and milling type acid dyes in presence or absence of buffer solution. From the color depth of dyed fabrics, effect of plasma gases, treated time, dyeing time and temperature on dyeing property was studied. The results of the experiment can be summarized as follows: 1) The plasma treatments except methane gas increased the color depth of dyed wool fabrics, but not that of dyed nylon fabrics regardless of the plasma gases used. 2) The color depth of wool fabrics dyed in the dye bath without buffer solution was increased by the low temperature plasma, especially increased much more by CF$_4$ plasma treatment. It is found that with the identification of F- ion in the residual dye bath the hydrogen fluoride gas was adsorbed on wool fabrics in the plasma treatment. 3) The color depth of wool fabrics was increased with the time of $O_2$ and CF$_4$ plasma treatments. 4) In both cases of the leveling and milling type acid dyes, the rate of dyeing was increased in the low temperature plasma treatments, and it is found that the leveling type acid dye increased the color depth at relatively low temperature below 4$0^{\circ}C$, compared with the milling type acid dye.