• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.372-379
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• 2015

Purpose: This research was conducted to examine the successful aging and identify factors influencing successful aging in the Korean elderly. Methods: The subjects were 4,507 elders and data were collected from the 4th Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing in 2012. The data were analyzed using frequencies, weighted percentage, ${\chi}^2$ test, and logistic regression. Results: The results of this study showed that 19.6% of the participants were categorized to successful aging. The domains of the absence of disease and disability and maintaining physical and mental functioning showed a high rate of achievement, while the domain of active engagement with life showed a low rate of achievement compared to others. Successful aging was influenced by gender, age, subjective economic status, subjective health status, and family support, particularly spouse's support. Conclusion: Intervention programs to increase the prevalence of successful aging are required. Especially programs for strengthening spouse's support and enhancing subjective health status are required.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.119-126
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• 2001

In this paper, a highly effective learning model that can be applied to the 7th level-based curriculum, which will begin in high schools in the year 2002, will be proposed. Two learning models that have different perspectives on dividing the students into level groups(diagnostic evaluation model and formative evaluation model) were introduced, and teaching materials for each model were developed. After applying the teaching materials to actual classes, the achievement rate of the students was analyzed. According to the results of this research, the achievement rate of students is affected by the point of time at which they are divided into level groups, and formative evaluation proved to be the superior learning model dividing students into level groups.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.109-122
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• 2000

The present study examined the causal relationships among nurses' perceived autonomy, job satisfaction, work environment (work overload, role conflict, situational support, head nurses' leadership), personal aspects(experiences, need for achievement, professional knowledge and skill) by constructing and testing a theoretical framework. Based on literature review nurses' perceived autonomy and job satisfaction were conceived of as outcomes of the interplay among work environment and personal characteristics. Work environment factors involved work overload, role conflict, situational support, and head nurses' leadership (task oriented leadership, relation oriented leadership). Personal charateristics included experiences, need for achievement, and professional knowledge and skill. Three large general hospital in Chonbuk were selected to participate. The total sample of 516 registered nurses represents a response rate of 92 percent. Data for this study was collected from July to September in 1998 by Questionnaire. Path analyses with LISREL 7.16 program were used to test the fit of the proposed conceptual model to the data and to examine the causal relationship among variables. The result showed that both the proposed model and the modified model fit the data excellently. It needs to be notified, however, that path analisis can not count measurement errors; measurement error can attenuate estimates of coefficient and explanatory power. Nevertheless the model revealed relatively high explanatory power. 42 percent of nurses' perceived autonomy was explained by predicted variables; 32 percent of nurses' job satisfaction was explained by by predicted variables. Tn predicting nurses' perceived autonomy the findings of this study clearly demonstrated the work overload might be the most important variable of all the antecedent variables. Head nurses' relation oriented leadership, situational supports, need for achievement, and role conflict were also found to be important determinants for nurses' perceived autonomy. As for the job satisfaction, role conflict, situational supports, need for the achievement, and head nurses' relation oriented leadership were in turn important predictors. Unexpectedly the result showed perceived autonomy have few influence on job satisfaction. The results were discussed, including directions for the future research and practical implication drawn from the research were suggested.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.71-81
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• 2013

This study aimed to investigate the changes in learner's scientific conceptual formation and academic achievement after a CoRe-based science lesson. For this study, two classes of the 6th grade of elementary school were divided into an experimental class and a comparison one. The students of the experimental class received CoRe-based science lesson and those of the comparison one received general science lesson. Both of the classes studied 'unit 1. A change in the weather', which is a part of content of 6th grade science text book. The results of this study were as follows. First, in the questions of invisible and abstract phenomena, students had misconceptions based on their experience in real life, or did not understand the fundamental causes of that phenomena. But after receiving lessons respectively, experimental class generally showed at a higher rate of understanding the causes of the phenomena than comparison class. Second, CoRe-based science lesson was more effective to improve students' scientific conceptual formation than the general science lesson. Moreover, when two classes were respectively divided into two groups as high and low-level groups according to their pre-test achievement records, the CoRe-based science lesson was more effective to learners of the high-level groups. Third, CoRe-based science lesson was more effective to enhance students' academic achievements than the general science lesson, especially to learners of the low-level groups.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.732-738
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• 2015

Water quality in four major river basin in Korea was managed with Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) System. The unit watershed in TMDL system has been evaluated with Target Water Quality (TWQ) assessment using average water quality, without considering its volume of water quantity. As results, although unit watershed are obtained its TWQ, its allocated loads were not satisfied and vice versa. To solve these problems, a number of TWQ assessments with using Load Duration Curve (LDC) have been studied at other watersheds. The purpose of this study was to evaluate achievement of TWQ with Flow Duration Curve (FDC) and Load Duration Curve(LDC) at 26 unit watersheds in Han river basin. The results showed that achievement rates in TWQ assessment with current method and with LDC were 50~56 % and 69~73%, respectively. Because of increasing about 20% of achievement rates with using LDC, the number of exceeded unit watershed at Han river Basin was decreased about 4~6 unit watersheds.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 2015

Mathematics education emphasizes on nurturing number sense, but researches on this have been scarce, and most of them has been confined to elementary level students. This thesis, therefore, tried to analyze how elementary students solve mathematics sense problems in order to give some insight into how to teach number sense. For this, this thesis categorized into two ways of using number sense and algorithm as problem solving, and analyzed students' responses using test sheets. Accordingly, middle school students showed higher score on the number sense test and higher rates of using number sense than elementary students. In addition, students showing higher achievement used both number sense and algorithm, but those of lower achievement were more likely to use only algorithm. Plus, among students showing higher achievement, middle school students used more number sense than elementary school students, but there was not meaningful difference among those showing lower achievement. Lastly, It was shown that there was difference in the rate using number sense according to the number sense components.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.137-147
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to determine the influences on physical status and study achievement by the dietary behavior of the youth in Korea. The survey was carried from June to July, 1995 by way of questionnaire to 397 students. The students' study achievement records and physical status were analyzed by the factor of dietary behavior. The results were as follows: 1 The average physical status of male students was lean, but females were standard. 76ft of mothers of the subjects were working in specialty farming. The monthly income of their family was $1000{\sim}1500$ thousand Won and students' pocket money was $20{\sim}40$ thousand Won per month. 2. The aspects of meal behavior included the general idea that the meal was thought to relieve hunger, and preference of taste was spiciness The most important factor of the meals for the students was taste. Their bad meal habits were quick eating and irregularity of meals. 3. There was a significant difference in the comparison of the study achieving records with the frequency of supper However, there was no one meaningful difference between study achievement records and the attendance rate to school, health status, and living conditions. However, there was a significant difference between their study records and eating with family. The students, who had the breakfast and/or supper with family, remarked better study records than other groups. 4. Also, there was a significant difference of study records with physical status. The overweight or obese students had a lower degree of study score (p<0.1). Adolescence is considered a period of setting up dietary behavior, so it is necessary to educate good nutrition and dietary habits for students to keep in healthy physical condition and with high study achievements.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.514-522
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• 2017

Traffic offloading is a promising solution to solve the explosive growth of mobile traffic. One of offloading schemes, in LIPA/SIPTO(Local IP Access and Selected IP Traffic Offload) offloading, we can offload mobile traffic that can satisfy QoS requirement for application. In addition, it is necessary for traffic offloading using social context due to large traffic from SNS. Thus, we propose the LIPA/SIPTO offloading algorithm using social context. We define the application selection probability using social context, the application popularity. Then, we find the optimal offloading weighting factor to maximize the QoS(Quality of Service) of small cell users in term of effective data rate. Finally, we determine the offloading ratio by this application selection probability and optimal offloading weighting factor. By performance analysis, the effective data rate achievement ratio of the proposed algorithm is similar with the conventional one although the total offloading ratio of the proposed algorithm is about 46 percent of the conventional one.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.53-67
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• 1989

General Physics CAI Program was developed for university science and engineering student. The program was restricted in the field of mechanics and was mainly aimed for individual tutorial. This project was supported by Government. Department of Education, physics attending their general physics classes in university. The program was written in BASIC and constructed by frame, 4 professors and 6 graduate students were involved in the project. Summary of this study is as follows. 1. The theory of CAI was illuminated from a new point of view to enhance usefullness of CAI. Also the structure of frame type CAI was studied. 2. The program was developed as follows 1) The program consisted of main program, pretest routine, tutorial routine, final test routine, and several other routines for program control. Whole program was written in BASIC. 2) 20 problems for pretest, 90 problems and subsequent hints and solutions for tutorial, 20 problems for final test were developed. 3) According to student's pretest result, tutorial course was routed through several different courses which contain different number of problems 4) The expected rate of achievment for final test was set to 75%. 5) Data of students response to problems including number of tries and time used were recorded for the purpose of achievment analisys 3. 22 students went through whole course and the results were as follows. 1) Pretest marks were widly distributed from 20 points to 100. It means that achievement of high school physics course were not enough. 2) Throughout tutorial course, students who had got higher mark in pretest answered correctly in the first trial at a higher rate of 78 %. Overall rate of correct answer in the second trial was distributed appropriatly. 3) Average mark of final test was 78.8 points, rather a higher rate of achievement than expected. This means that the program was constructed well.

• Research in Mathematical Education
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.127-141
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• 2007

This paper compares and analyzes mathematics teachers' understanding of students' mathematical comprehension after experiences with the Cognitively Guided Instruction (CGI) or the Development of Mathematical Ideas (DMI) teaching strategies. This report sheds light on current issues confronted by the educational system in the context of mathematics teaching and learning. In particular, the declining rate of mathematical literacy among adolescents is discussed. Moreover, examples of CGI and DMI teaching strategies are presented to focus on the impact of these teaching styles on student-centered instruction, teachers' belief, and students' mathematical achievement, conceptual understanding and word problem solving skills. Hence, with a gradual enhancement of reformed ways of teaching mathematics in schools and the reported increase in student achievement as a result of professional development with new teaching strategies, teacher professional development programs that emphasize teachers' understanding of students' mathematical comprehension is needed rather than the currently dominant traditional pedagogy of direct instruction with a focus on teaching problem solving strategies.