• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2003년도 생물공학의 동향(XIII)
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• pp.422-427
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• 2003

Rhodopseudomonas palustris P4 can produce $H_2$ either from CO by water-gas shift reaction or from various sugars by anaerobic fermentation. Fermentative $H_2$ production by P4 is fast, but its yield is relatively low due to the formation of various organic acids. In order to increase $H_2$ production yield from glucose, P4 was investigated for the photo-fermentation of acetate which is a major by-product of fermentative $H_2$ production. Experiments were performed in batch modes using both light-grown and dark-grown cells. When the dark-grown P4 was challenged with light and acetate, $H_2$ was produced with the consumption of acetate after a lag period of 25 h. $H_2$ production was inhibited when a nitrogen source, especially ammonium, is present. When the dark-fermentation broth containing acetate was adopted for photo-fermentation with light-grown cells, $H_2$ production and concomitant acetate consumption occurred without a lag period. The $H_2$ yield was estimated as 2.4 - 2.8 mol $H_2/mol$ acetate and the specific $H_2$ production rate was as 9.8 ml $H_2/g$ cell${\cdot}$h, The fact that a single strain can perform both dark- and light-fermentation gives a great advantage in process development Compared to a one-step dark-fermentation, the combined dark- and light-fermentation can increase the $H_2$ production yield on glucose by two-fold.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.287-290
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 석류에서 단세포성 곰팡이의 성장을 저해하는 항진균 물질을 탐색하고 새로운 천연 항생물질을 찾기 위한 목적으로 석류를 과피, 씨, 전체로 각각 분리하고 추출하여 항진균 활성을 조사하였다. 고흥에서 생산된 석류를 전체, 과피, 씨로 나누어 70% EtOH로 추출한 후 Candida albicans에 대한 항진균 활성을 측정한 결과, 항진균 활성이 액체배지에서 각각 비슷하게 나왔으며 고체배지에서는 석류 전체 추출물을 사용하였을 때 가장 잘 나타났다. 고체배지에서와 액체배지에서 공통적으로 석류 전체 및 과피 추출물의 chloroform, ethyl acetate 용매 추출물의 C. albicans의 항진균 활성도를 측정한 결과 ethyl acetate 추출물에서 모두 높은 활성도를 나타냈다. C. albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis, Candida lusitaniae에 대한 항진균 활성은 석류 전체 및 석류 과피의 ethyl acetate 용매 추출물에서 각각 36%, 25% 이상의 저해율을 보였다. 이러한 결과는 석류 내 존재하는 항진균 활성 물질은 ethyl acetate에 잘 녹는 지용성 물질인 것으로 추정된다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.389-398
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• 2000

The fallowing are the results of the experimental studies of Cordyceps militaris (CM) on the penile nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity and the level of blood testosterone in hydrocortisone acetate-treated rats. CM was tested for the effects on activity of xanthine oxidase and lipid peroxidation in penis of hydrocortisone acetate-treated rats. In vitro, CM didn't effect the levels of lipid peroxide and the activity of NOS. In the penis of hydrocortisone acetate-treated rats, lipid peroxide, the activities and ratio of type conversion of xanthine oxidase were increased but activity of NOS and content of nitrite were decreased. In vivo, after administration of CM to hydrocortisone acetate-treated rats, levels of lipid peroxide in penis was decreased. Also, the activities and ratio of type conversion of xanthine oxidase were decreased, too. The body weight and concentration of testosterone in the blood were increased. The effects of Cordyceps militalis Broth did better than the effects of Cordyceps militalls Mycelia, These results suggest that CM decrease the activities of free radical generating enzymes such as xanthine oxidase which form lipid peroxide and increase the penile NOS activity and the level of blood testosterone in hydrocortisone acetate-treated rats. Conclusively, CM is capable of improving of sexual ability in hydrocortisone acetate-treated rats.

• 생약학회지
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.25-30
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• 2017

This study was performed to evaluate the lifespan extending effects of the dried ginger (Zingiber officnale Roscoe, Zingiberaceae). Ethanol extract of the dried ginger was successively partitioned as methylene chloride, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and $H_2O$ soluble fractions, and lifespan-extending effects of the fractions were investigated using Caenorhabditis elegans model system. Ethyl acetate-soluble fraction showed the most potent longevity property. Furthermore, ethyl acetate-soluble fraction elevated thermal stress tolerance, and increased expression of stress resistance protein. Further studies were performed to investigate several aging-related factors such as reproduction, food intake, growth and movement of C. elegans. The results revealed that there were no significant changes in aging-related factors including reproduction, food intake and growth, however, ethyl acetate-soluble fraction treatment led to an up-regulation of locomotory ability of aged worms, suggesting ethyl acetate-soluble fraction affected healthspan as well as lifespan of nematode.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.891-901
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• 2017

Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the anti-asthmatic effect of alismatis rhizoma and alisol acetate B combination therapy in a murine asthma model. Methods: C57BL/6 mice were sensitized to and challenged with a mixture of ragweed, dust mite, and aspergillus to induce an asthma animal model. Alismatis rhizoma extract and alisol acetate B combination therapy was co-administered only in the experimental group. To evaluate the anti-asthmatic effect of the combination therapy, inflammatory cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid were determined, and tissue was examined histologically with hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) stains, by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of IgE, IL-4, and IL-5, and with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of IL-5, IL-33, MUC5AC. Results: Alismatis rhizoma and alisol acetate B combination therapy reduced the number of inflammatory cells, alleviated histologic features, and down-regulated all the investigated asthma mediators, IgE, IL-4, IL-5, IL-33, and MUC5AC. Conclusions: According to the above results, alismatis rhizoma and alisol acetate B combination therapy may have therapeutic potential for asthma.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제58권2호
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• pp.125-129
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 만형자 분획물의 항산화 및 주름개선 효과에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다. 만형자 ethyl acetate 분획물은 DPPH, ABTS에서 우수한 항산화 활성을 나타내었으며, 주름개선 효과를 검증하기 위하여 elastase 저해활성을 측정한 결과 $1,000{\mu}g/mL$에서 74% 저해활성을 나타내었다. 만형자 ethyl acetate 분획물의 세포생존율을 확인하기 위하여 섬유아세포로 MTT assay에 의해 확인 한 결과 5, 10, 15, 20, $25{\mu}g/mL$의 농도구간에서 100%에 가까운 세포 생존율을 확인하였다. 만형자 ethyl acetate 분획물의 MMP-1 저해활성을 측정 한 결과 $25{\mu}g/mL$에서 14%의 저해효과를 나타내었으며, 만형자 ethyl acetate 분획물의 MMP-1의 단백질 발현 억제 효과를 확인한 결과 $25{\mu}g/mL$의 농도에서 50% 감소하였다. 이러한 결과로 보아 만형자 ethyl acetate 분획물의 주름개선 효과를 확인할 수 있으며, 천연 기능성 화장품 소재로서의 가능성을 확인하였다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.307-313
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 Isobutyl Acetate와 Isobutyl Alcohol의 공비혼합물을 압력변환증류공정(PSD; Pressure Swing Distillation Process)을 이용하여 99.9 mol% 이상의 Isobutyl Acetate를 분리하는 공정모사를 수행하였다. 압력변환증류공정은 공비혼합물의 상대휘발도와 공비조성이 압력의 변화에 따라 차이가 나는 특성을 이용한 공정이다. 액상에서는 Non-Random Two Liquid (NRTL) model을 그리고 기상에서는 Peng-Robinson equation을 이용하였다. 최적화 방법으로 환류비와 주입단 위치를 변수로 두고 총 재비기 소요 열량을 최소화시키는 목적으로 최적화를 수행하였다. 압력변환 증류공정은 두 개의 증류탑을 필요로 함에 따라 고압 증류탑과 저압 증류탑의 배열에 따른 최적화 조건 또한 비교를 수행하였다.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.196-204
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• 2003

Aqueous extract of Enicostemma littorale is reported to have antidiabetic activity. In the present investigation, we studied the effect of aqueous extract of E. littorale and its different fractions i.e., toluene, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol fractions and remaining residual fraction in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced neonatal type 2 diabetic rats. Fasting glucose and insulin levels in NIDDM were significantly (P<0.05) higher than control rats and they were significantly decreased by treatment with aqueous extract of E. littorale and its n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions. Results of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) showed that aqueous extract and its n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions significantly (P<0.05) decrease both $AUC_{glucose}$ and $AUC_{insulin}$ values in NIDDM treated groups. Insulin sensitivity $(K_{ITT})$ index of NIDDM control was significantly lower as compared to normal control and this was significantly (P<0.05) increased after treatment with aqueous extract, its n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions. Treatment with aqueous extract of E. littorale and its n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions lowered the elevated cholesterol and triglyceride levels observed in NIDDM rats. Treatment with aqueous extract of E. littorale and its n-butanol fraction showed significant decrease in creatinine, urea, SGPT and SGOT levels as compared to NIDDM control rats. However ethyl acetate fraction showed significant changes only in creatinine and SGOT levels, and not in the levels of urea, and SGPT as compared to NIDDM control rats. Treatment with toluene, chloroform and residual fractions of E. littorale did not produce any effect on glucose, insulin, triglyceride, cholesterol, creatinine, urea, SGPT or SGOT levels as compared to NIDDM control rats. Our data suggest that n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions contain the active compounds which may be responsible for the above activity and associated complications in NIDDM diabetes mellitus.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.182-187
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• 2003

Low molecular weight copolymers of maleic anhydride and vinyl acetate were prepared to develop formaldehyde free cross-linking agents. Since lower molecular weight is favorable for efficient penetration of the finishing agent into the cotton fibers in the padding process, the concentration of the initiator, chain transfer agent and the monomer ratios were varied to obtain copolymers of low molecular weights. The prepared polymers were characterized by GPC, $^1{H-NMR}$, FTIR, DSC and TGA. Copolymers of molecular weights of 2 000 to 10 000 were obtained and it was found that the most efficient method of controlling the molecular weight was by varying the monomer ratios. Poly(maleic anhydride-co-vinyl acetate) did not dissolve in water, but the maleic anhydride residue hydrolyzed within a few minutes to form poly(maleic acid-co-vinyl acetate) and dissolved in water. However, the maleic acid units undergo dehydration to form anhydride groups on heating above ${160}^{\circ}C$ to some extent even in the absence of catalysts. The possibility of using the copolymers as durable press finishing agent for cotton fabric was investigated. Lower molecular weight poly(maleic anhydride-co-vinyl acetate) copolymers were more efficient in introducing crease resistance, which appears to be due to the more efficient penetration of the cross-linking agent into cotton fabrics. The wrinkle recovery angles of cotton fabrics treated with poly(maleic anhydride-co-vinyl acetate) copolymers were slightly lower than those treated with DMDHEU and were higher when higher curing temperatures or higher concentrations of copolymer were used, and when catalyst, $NaH_2$$PO_2$, was added. The strength retention of the poly(maleic anhydride-co-vinyl acetate) treated cotton fabrics was excellent.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.117-123
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• 2006

G. japonicum is a perennial hem and the flowering plant has been used as a diuretic and an astringent in Japan and China. However, little information is available about the anti-inflammatory action of G. japonicum. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the antiinflammatory action of fractions from G. japonicum methanol extract. Inhibition of NO production was observed when cells were cotreated with fractions of G. japonicum and lipopolysaccharide. We observed that ethyl acetate fraction of G. japonicum inhibited NO production by LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells, and that the suppression induced by ethyl acetate fraction of G. japonicum was associated with antioxidant activity and direct NO clearance. In addition, only ethyl acetate fraction of G. japonicum inhibited stimulated $PGE_2,\;TNF-\alpha,\;IL-1\beta$ production, whereas water and methyl chloride fractions showed no such effects. The ethyl acetate fraction of G. japonicum methanol extract showed a remarkable scavenging activity on the 1,1-diphenyl-2 picrylhydrazyl radical. Based on the results, ethyl acetate fraction of G. japonicum may be useful source as natural antioxidants and antiinflammation. Therefore, the results obtained from this study provide an alternative protective mechanism of ethyl acetate fraction of G. japonicum and provide information on the potential use of ethyl acetate fraction of G. japonicum in chemoprevention or pathogenic conditions related to overproduction of NO and $PGE_2$. However, the mechanism of the inflammatory effect must be evaluated through various parameters for induction of NO production.