• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.163-170
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• 2022

This paper introduces a method of extracting facial features due to unrefined inputs in real life and improving the problem of not guaranteeing the ideal performance and speed of the object recognition model through a storage algorithm through weight summation. Many facial recognition processes ensure accuracy in ideal situations, but the problem of not being able to cope with numerous biases that can occur in real life is drawing attention, which may soon lead to serious problems in the face recognition process closely related to security. This paper presents a method of quickly and accurately recognizing faces in real time by comparing feature points extracted as input with a small number of feature points that are not overfit to multiple biases, using that various variables such as picture composition eventually take an average form.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.43-49
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• 2007

The metals we are familiar with(Al, Ag, Au, Cu, Cd, Co, Fe, Ni, Pb, Zn, etc) are common elements and conservative pollutants. Although metals are often vital constituents of the metabolism of living organisms(trace elements}, a number of them are toxic if their concentration exceeds a certain threshold. It has long been recognized that measurements of trace metals in natural waters are often subject to large errors in terms of precision and accuracy. Since 1975 in US and European countries, seawater concentration of many trace metals have been shown to be factors of 10-1,000 lower than those previously accepted. Vertical profiles have been found to be consistent with known biological, physical and/or geochemical processes. These are resulted from major advances in analytical instrumentation and methodology for trace elements, and greater attention has been given to assuring the elimination of contamination during sampling, storage, and analysis.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.339-347
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• 2009

It is possible to obtain accurate temperature and salinity profiles of the oceans using a SBE 911plus CTD and accompanying data conversion packages. To obtain highly accurate results, CTD data needs to be carefully processed in addition to proper and regular maintenance of the CTD itself. Since the manufacturer of the CTD provides tools that are necessary for post processing, it is possible to conduct proper processing without too much effort. Some users, however, are not familiar with all of the processes and inadvertently ignore some of these processes at the expense of data quality. To draw attention to these and other similar issues, we show how it is possible to improve data quality by utilizing a few extra processes to the standard or default data process procedures with CTD data obtained from the equatorial Eastern Pacific between 2001 and 2005, and 2007. One easy step that is often ignored in the standard data process procedure is "wild edit", which removes abnormal values from the raw data. If those abnormal values are not removed, the abnormality could spread vertically during subsequent processes and produce abnormal salinity in a range much wider than that of the raw data. To remove spikes in salinity profiles the "align CTD" procedure must be carried out not with the default values included in the data processing software but with a proper time constant. Only when "cell thermal mass" correction is conducted with optimal parameters, we can reduce the difference between upcast and downcast, and obtain results that can satisfy the nominal accuracy of the CTD.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.472-477
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• 2018

In this paper, we develop interactive content services for preventing depression of users through an intelligent Internet of Things(IoT) mirror system. For interactive content services, an IoT mirror device measures attention and meditation data from an EEG headset device and also measures facial expression data such as "sad", "angery", "disgust", "neutral", " happy", and "surprise" classified by a multi-layer perceptron algorithm through an webcam. Then, it sends the measured data to an oneM2M-compliant IoT server. Based on the collected data in the IoT server, a machine learning model is built to classify three levels of depression (RED, YELLOW, and GREEN) given by a proposed merge labeling method. It was verified that the k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) model could achieve about 93% of accuracy by experimental results. In addition, according to the classified level, a social network service agent sent a corresponding alert message to the family, friends and social workers. Thus, we were able to provide an interactive content service between users and caregivers.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.141-154
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the effects of exercise on pulmonary function in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were identified by searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and CINAHL (through Jan 2019). Three reviewers independently retrieved articles, extracted data, and assessed methodological quality using the Cochrane's Risk of Bias for randomized studies. Results: Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria with a total of 729 participants. CE (SMD 0.58, 95% CI 0.41~0.75, p<.001) and $VO_2peak$ (SMD 0.56, 95% CI 0.24~0.88, p=.001) had a significant effect on the most exercise interventions. As a secondary variable, BASFI (SMD -0.53, 95% CI -0.70~-0.37, p<.001), BASMI (SMD -0.75, 95% CI -0.92~-0.58, p<.001) showed an effect size of more than medium. However, PFT and QoL did not produce a significant results. Conclusion: Pulmonary involvement is common in patients with AS and might have disturbed functionality and exercise modality. Exercise can be an effective intervention to improve pulmonary function in patients with AS. More attention is needed to improve the chest and spinal mobility to maintain the appropriate pulmonary function. It is also necessary to consider how to construct a patient-tailored exercise program to increase performance, accuracy and safety of exercise.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.134-143
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• 2020

Vehicle License Plate Recognition is one of the approaches for transportation and traffic safety networks, such as traffic control, speed limit enforcement and runaway vehicle tracking. Although it has been studied for decades, it is attracting more and more attention due to the recent development of deep learning and improved performance. Also, it is largely divided into license plate detection and recognition. In this study, experiments were conducted to improve license plate detection performance by utilizing various object detection methods and WPOD-Net(Warped Planar Object Detection Network) model. The accuracy was improved by selecting the method of detecting the vehicle(s) and then detecting the license plate(s) instead of the conventional method of detecting the license plate using the object detection model. In particular, the final performance was improved through the process of removing noise existing in the image by using the Fast-SRGAN model, one of the Super-Resolution methods. As a result, this experiment showed the performance has improved an average of 4.34% from 92.38% to 96.72% compared to previous studies.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.295-305
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• 2023

This study introduces a smoothed finite-element implementation into the phase-field framework. In recent years, the phase-field method has recieved considerable attention in crack initiation and propagation since the method needs no further treatment to express the crack growth path. In the phase-field method, high strain-energy accuracy is needed to capture the complex crack growth path; thus, it is obtained in the framework of the smoothed finite-element method. The salient feature of the smoothed finite-element method is that the finite element cells are divided into sub-cells and each sub-cell is rebuilt as a smoothing domain where smoothed strain energy is calculated. An adaptive quadtree refinement is also employed in the present framework to avoid the computational burden. Numerical experiments are performed to investigate the performance of the proposed approach, compared with that of the finite-element method and the reference solutions.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.368-380
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• 1999

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the scintigraphic findings and diagnostic accuracy of double-phase Tc-99m sestamibi scan in primary and secondary hyperparathyroidism (HPT). Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 16 cases of primary (18 lesions) and 11 cases of secondary HPT (44 lesions) who underwent Tc-99m-sestamibi scan before the surgical intervention. Scan was performed using LEM camera (Siemens, Germany) after the injection of 740MBq of Tc-99m sestamibi. Routine image consisted of baseline and 3-hour delayed images and each image was obtained using both parallel and pine hole collimator. The study population was 27 patients (male/female=5/22, age: $49.1{\pm}10.8$). Results: Eighteen lesions of primary HPT consisted of 13 adenomas and S hyperplasias, while all lesions of secondary HPT were hyperplasias. Among the case of primary HPT, we could detect all the lesions of 13 adenomas but only 2 lesions of 5 hyperplasias (40%) could be detected by double phase scintigraphy. Three cases of primary lesion showed decreased uptake in delayed images compared with baseline. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and accuracy of primary and secondary HPT were 58.8% (10/17), 83.3% (10/12), 83.3% (10/12), 75.9% (22/29), and 37.5% (15/40), 50% (2/4), 88.2% (15/17), 38.6% (17/44), respectively. Overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and accuracy were 43.9% (25/57), 75% (12/16), 86.2% (25/29), and 53.4% (39/73). There were no statistical difference between the weight of primary and secondary HPT lesion (p>0.05). Conclusion: Tc-99m sestamibi scan is fairly good modality to detect parathyroid lesion in patient with primary HPT before the surgical intervention. However, since some of cases may reveal decreased uptake in delayed image, a careful attention to the findings of baseline images may be helpful. Still the low accuracy of sestamibi scan in diagnosis of secondary HPT prohibits routine use of it for this disease.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.67-81
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• 2000

An accurate and efficient numerical method for two-dimensional nonlinear radiation problem has been developed. The wave motion due to a moving body is described by the assumption of ideal fluid flow, and the governing Laplace equation can be effectively solved by the higher-order boundary element method with the help of the GMRES (Generalized Minimal RESidual) algorithm. The intersection or corner problem is resolved by utilizing the so-called discontinuous elements. The implicit trapezoidal rule is used in updating solutions at new time steps by considering stability and accuracy. Traveling waves caused by the oscillating body are absorbed downstream by the damping zone technique. It is demonstrated that the present method for time marching and radiation condition works efficiently for nonlinear radiation problem. To avoid the numerical instability enhanced by the local gathering of grid points, the regriding technique is employed so that all the grids on the free surface may be distributed with an equal distance. This makes it possible to reduce time interval and improve numerical stability. Special attention is paid to the local flow around the body during time integration. The nonlinear radiation force is calculated by the "acceleration potential technique". Present results show good agreement with other numerical computations and experiments.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.61-70
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• 2001

The origin and destination(O-D) matrix is one of the most important elements in transportation planning process. Traditionally, transport planners survey the O-D movements in order to estimate the O-D matrix. Even though the cost of the O-D survey requires high amounts of resources, the accuracy is relatively low. Therefore, many researchers have studied the estimation of the O-D matrix for automobile from traffic counts. however, there is a little attention for the application on the transit O-D matrix estimation from traffic counts. The objective of this study is therefore the estimation of the transit O-D matrix from traffic counts using Gradient method. which is verified by the reliability analysis using a contrived small example network.