• 한국경제지리학회지
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.53-81
• /
• 2000

1980년대에서 1997년 사이에 한국 섬유 의류산업은 국내 가격경쟁력을 기반으로 한 수출주도형 성장체제에서 생산력의 지리적 확장을 가져오는 해외생산 그리고 고급의류 내수시장의 증가로 따른 기술 발달과 자동화에 기반을 둔 질적 성장체제로 전환하였다. 이러한 재구조화는 1987년 노동자 대투쟁으로 인한 임금의 급상승으로 1986년까지 진행된 수출주도형 성장체제에 위기가 왔다는데 일차적 원인을 둘수 있다. 특히 임금상승과 노동의 세력화에 따른 단체교섭의 형성은 장시간 노동시간과 저임금 구조에 기반을 둔 대량 생산과 대량수출의 결합체제에 위기를 가져왔다. 따라서 본 논문의 목적은 1980년과 1997년 사이에 발생한 한국 섬유 의류산업의 발전모델 또는 양식의 전환을 밝히고자 하는 것이다. 이를 위해 본 논문은 역사적 맥락에서 1987년 이전과 이후의 축적체제의 변화와 함께 조절양식의 제도적 형태인 임고용 관계, 기업간 관계 그리고 국가와 기업관계의 변화를 살펴보았다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국철도학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.175-180
• /
• 2005

As the high performance computer system increases, improving of reality and usefulness causes the virtual environment of simulator to be used widely as training and assessment tool. Although some domestic companies have developed train driving simulators since about mid of 1990s, accumulation of technology and experience is not yet sufficient compared to foreign makers. This paper describes system composition, training and assessment regimes for high level train driving simulator. When the subsystems are designed, comprehension of train system is emphasized and the functions that simulator should provide are discussed.

• Ocean and Polar Research
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.227-236
• /
• 2002

For ten firn cores, from both the eastern and the western side of Lambert Glacier basin (LGB), snow accumulation rate and isotopic temperature were measured far the recent 50 years. Results show that snow accumulation for five cores over the eastern side of LGB (GC30, GD03, GD15, DT001, and DT085) at Wilks Land and Princess Elizabeth Land increases, whereas it decreases at the western side (Core E, DML05, W200, LGB 16, and MGA) at Dronning Maud Land, Mizuho Plateau and Kamp Land. For the past decades, the increasing rate was $0.34-2.36kg\;m^{-2}a^{-1}$ at the eastern side and the decreasing rate was $-0.01\;-\;-2.36kg\;m^{-2}\;a^{-1}$ at the western side. Temperatures at the eastern LGB were also increased with the rate of $0.02%o\;a^{-l}$. At the western LGB it was difficult to see clear trends, which were confirmed by Instrumental temperature records at coastal stations. Although statistic analysis and modeling results display that both surface temperature and accumulation rate has increased trends in Antarctic ice sheet during 1950-2000, the regional distributions were much more different for different geographic areas. We believe that ice-core records at Wilks Land and Princess Elizabeth Land reflect the real variations of SST and moisture change in the southern India Ocean. For the Kamp Land and Dronning Maud Land, however circulation pattern was different, by which the climate was more complicated. The International Trans-Antarctic Scientific Expedition (ITASE) aimed to reveal an overall spatial pattern of climate change over Antarctic ice sheet for the past 200 years. This study points the importance of continental to regional circulation to annual-decadal scale climate change in Antarctica.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.111-118
• /
• 1986

본(本) 시험(試驗)은 주요북방형(主要北方型) 목초(牧草)에 있어서 기상환경(氣象環境)과 예취방법(刈取方法)이 비구조성(非構造性) 탄수화물(炭水化物)의 합성(合成) 및 축적형태(蓄積形態)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 구명(究明)코자 한국(韓國)의 Suweon, Cheju 및 Taekwalyong과 서독(西獨)의 Freising 및 Braunschweig에서 $1975{\sim}'79$년간(年間) 실시(實施)되었다. 공시초종(供試草種)은 orchardgrass, perennial ryegrass 및 meadow fescue를, 예취관리(刈取管理)는 방목기(放牧期)(년(年) $6{\sim}7$회(回)), silage 기(期)(년(年)$4{\sim}5$ 회(回)) 및 건초기이용(乾草期利用)(년(年) 3 회(回))으로 구분(區分) 분할구배치법(分割區配置法) 4반복(反復)으로 시험(試驗)을 실시(實施)하였는바 그 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 북방형(北方型) 목초(牧草)에 있어서 비구조성탄수화물(非構造性炭水化物)의 합성(合成) 및 축적형태(蓄積形態)는 초종(草種) 및 재배지역(栽培地域)에 따라 차이(差異)가 크다. 초종별(草種別) total nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC) 함량(含量) meadow fescue가 8.01%로 가장 높았으며 다음은 perennial ryegrass 6.08% 및 orchardgrass 4.39%의 순(順)이었다. 이같은 결과(結果)는 서독지방(西獨地方)의 TNC 함량(含量) 12.73%(meadow fescue), 18.02%(perennial ryegrass) 및 10.42% (orchardgrass) 보다 낮은 수준(水準)으로 지역간(地域間)에 현저(顯著)한 차이(差異)가 있었다. 2. Orchardgrass의 비구조성(非構造性) 탄수화물(炭水化物) 함량은 fructosan .34%, mono- 및 disaccharose 3.04%로 mono- 및 disaccharose 형태(形態)로 다량(多量) 축적(蓄積)되는데 반(反)해 perennial ryegrass에서는 fructosan 3.25%, mono- 및 disaccharose 2.83%로 fructosan 함량(含量)이 약간(若干) 높은 편이었다. Meadow fescue 식물(植物)의 축적형태별(蓄積形態別) 함량(含量)은 각각(各各) fructosan 3.93%, mono- 및 disaccharose 4.08%이었다. 3. 비구조성(非構造性) 탄수화물(炭水化物)의 합성(合成) 및 축적(蓄積)은 환경온도(環境溫度)가 상승됨에 따라 감소(減少)되었다($P{\leqq}0.1%$). 이같은 원인(原因)으로 우리나라에 있어서의 계절별(季節別) mono- 및 disaccharose와 fructosan 함량(含量)은 봄철의 2.69% 및 1.34%에서 고온건조(高溫乾燥)한 여름철에는 각각(各各) 1.28% (mono- 및 disaccharose) 및 0.34% (fructosan)로 감소(減少)되었다. 그러나 여름철 기온(氣溫)이 낮은 Freising 및 Braunschweig에서는 계절간(季節間) 탄수화물(炭水化物)의 함량변화(含量變化)가 한국(韓國)에서와 같이 뚜렷하게 나타나지 않았다. 4. 비구조성(非構造性) 탄수화물(炭水化物)의 합성(合成) 및 축적(蓄積)은 목초(牧草)의 잦은 예취(刈取)에서 크게 감소(減少)되었다. 이와같은 원인(原因)으로 여름철 고온기간중(高溫期間中) 잦은 예취이용(刈取利用)은 식물체내(植物體內)의 TNC 함량(含量)을 감소(減少)시켜 예취후(刈取後)의 재생력(再生力)이 크게 약화(弱化)된다. 그러나 기온(氣溫)이 낮은 조건(條件)에서는 예취관리(刈取管理)에 따른 비구조성(非構造性) 탄수화물(炭水化物)의 함량변화(含量變化)가 크게 나타나지 않았다.

• 식물조직배양학회지
• /
• 제27권5호
• /
• pp.401-405
• /
• 2000

Influence of fructose addition to the cultivation medium on the production of taxanes and the growth of callus culture of Taxus baccata was studied. The cultures showed an ability to adjust to the substitution of some of the sucrose in the media by fructose and the fresh biomass accumulation was higher on the media containing different concentrations of fructose during the second cultivation period.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• 제2권4호
• /
• pp.357-363
• /
• 2006

Equations describing deformation defects, damage accumulation, and fracture condition have been suggested. Analytical and numerical solutions have been obtained for defects produced by a shear in a fixed direction. Under cyclic loading the number of cycles to failure well fits the empirical Koffin-Manson law. The developed model is expanded to the case of the micro-plastic deformation, which accompanies martensite accommodation in shape memory alloys. Damage of a shape memory specimen has been calculated for two regimes of loading: a constant stress and cyclic variation of temperature across the interval of martensitic transformations, and at a constant temperature corresponding to the pseudoelastic state and cyclic variation of stress. The obtained results are in a good qualitative agreement with available experimental data.

• 한국제4기학회지
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.55-58
• /
• 2005

A 120-cm core recovered from Lake Hovsgol, the northern Mongolia provides evidence for climate variability since the Marine Isotope Stage 3, representing a sharp lithological change. The lowermost part of the core consists of diatom-barren calcareous silty clay without coarse sands, framboidal pyrite, and biogenic components deposited during the MIS 3. Following the last glacial maximum, in-situ moss is included in the sediments, as lake-level was retreated by cold and dry environment with low precipitation. The AMS radiocarbon ages of the plant fragments match a marked lithologic boundary between 14,060 and 14,325 $^{14}C$ yr BP. The contents of coarse sands abruptly increase, indicating probably wind-derived sandy dust or coarse grains contributed from floating icebergs. And abundant framboidal pyrite grains were deposited in an anoxic environment, as reflected by high accumulation of organic matters at a low lake stand. During the deglaciation, quantities of coarse sands, ostracod, shell fragments, framboidal pyrite, and diatom markedly varies by regional and global scale climate regimes. Some allochthonous coarse sands were probably ice-rafted debris derived from floating icebergs. A rapid increase in diatom productivity probably marked the onset of Bolling-Allerod warming. Subsequent high concentration of framboidal pyrite probably represents a dry and cold condition, such as Younger Drays events. Consistent warm period with high precipitation at Holocene is documented by diatomaceous clayey ooze without framboidal pyrite, coarse sands, and ostracod.

• 한국제4기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국제4기학회 2005년도 추계학술대회
• /
• pp.34-39
• /
• 2005

A 120-cm core recovered from Lake Hovsgol, the northern Mongolia provides evidence for climate variability since the Marine Isotope Stage 3, representing a sharp lithological change. The lowermost part of the core consists of diatom-barren calcareous silty clay without coarse sands, framboidal pyrite, and biogenic components deposited during the MIS 3. Following the last glacial maximum, in-situ moss is included in the sediments, as lake-level was retreated by cold and dry environment with low precipitation. The AMS radiocarbon ages of the plant fragments match a marked lithologic boundary between 14,060 and 14,325 $^{14}C$ yr BP. The contents of coarse sands abruptly increase, indicating probably wind-derived sandy dust or coarse grains contributed from floating icebergs. And abundant framboidal pyrite grains were deposited in an anoxic environment, as reflected by high accumulation of organic matters at a low lake stand. During the deglaciation, quantities of coarse sands, ostracod, shell fragments, framboidal pyrite, and diatom markedly varies by regional and global scale climate regimes. Some allochthonous coarse sands were probably ice-rafted debris derived from floating icebergs. A rapid increase in diatom productivity probably marked the onset of Bolling-Allerodwarming. Subsequent high concentration of framboidal pyrite probably represents a dry and cold condition, such as Younger Drays events. Consistent warm period with high precipitation at Holocene is documented by diatomaceous clayey ooze without framboidal pyrite, coarse sands, and ostracod.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제51권1호
• /
• pp.73-83
• /
• 2019

It is important to clarify the mechanisms of molten-fuel-pool sloshing behavior that might be encountered during a core disruptive accident of sodium-cooled fast reactors. In this study, motivated by acquiring some evidence for understanding the characteristics of this behavior at more realistic conditions, a number of experiments are newly performed by injecting nitrogen gas into a water pool with the accumulation of solid particles. To achieve comprehensive understanding, various parameters including particle bed height, particle size, density, shape, gas pressure along with the gas-injection duration, were employed. It is found that due to the different interaction mechanisms between solid particles and the gas bubble injected, three kinds of regimes, termed respectively as the bubble-impulsion dominant regime, the transitional regime and the bed-inertia dominant regime, could be identified. The performed analyses also suggest that under present conditions, all our experimental parameters employed can have noticeable impact on the regime transition and resultant sloshing intensity (e.g. maximum elevation of water level at pool peripheries). Knowledge and fundamental data from this work will be used for the future verifications of fast reactor severe accident codes in China.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
• /
• 제6권3호
• /
• pp.157-163
• /
• 1986

본(本) 시험(試驗)은 주요북방형(主要北方形) 목초(牧草)에 있어서 기상환경(氣象環境) 및 예취관리(刈取管理)가 Weender 성분(成分)의 합성(合成) 및 축적(蓄積)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 구명(究明)코자 $1975{\sim}'79$년간(年間) 한국(韓國)과 서독(西獨)에서 실시(實施)되었다. 공시재료(供試材料)는 orchardgrass(cv. Potomac, Baraula), perennial ryegrass (cv. Reveille, Semperweide) 및 meadow fescue (Cosmos 11, N.F.G.)등 3초종(草種) 6품종(品種)종을, 예취방법(刈取方法)은 방목기(放牧期)(년(年)6-7회(回)), silage기(期)(4-5회(回)) 및 건초기(乾草期)(3회(回))로 구분(區分) 분할구(分割區) 배치법(配置法) 4반복(反復)으로 실시(實施)하였는바 얻어진 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 목초(牧草)의 Weender 각(各) 성분함량(成分含量)은 기상요인(氣象要因) 중(中) 특(特)히 온도(溫度),강수량(降水量) 및 일조(日照)의 영향(影響)을 크게 받았다. 이상(以上)과 같은 원인(原因)으로 공시목초(供試牧草)의 조섬유(粗纖維) 및 세포막구성물질(細胞膜構成物質)(NDF) 함량(含量)은 봄철의 27.2% 및 42.9%에서 고온건조(高溫乾燥)한 여름철에는 각각(各各) 30.1%(조섬유(粗纖維)) 및 48.7%(NDF)로 증가(增加)된 반면(反面) TNC함량(含量)은 4.01%(봄)에서 1.52%(여름)으로 감소(減少)되었다. 그러나 서독지방(西獨地方)의 경우 Weender 성분(成分)의 합성(合成) 및 축적(蓄積)은 계절간(季節間)에 큰 차익(差異)가 없었다. 2. Orchardgrass 는 perennial ryegrass 및 meadow fescue에 비해 조섬유(粗纖維) 및 NDF 함량(含量)이 높은 반면(反面) 가용무질소물(可溶無窒素物) 및 TNC 축적(蓄積)이 낮아 energy 가치(價値)가 감소(減少)되었다. 지역별(地域別) orchardgrass의 net energy함량(含量)은 Suweon 524 StE, Cheju 431 StE 및 Freising 575 StE로 perennial ryegrass 의 624 (Suweon), 491(Cheju) 및 657(StE(Freising)보다 현저(顯著)히 낮았다. 3. Weender 성분(成分)의 합성(合成) 및 축적(蓄積)은 목초(牧草)의 생육단계(生育段階)에 따라 큰 차이(差異)가 있었다. 공시초총(供試草種)의 평균(平均) 조섬유(粗纖維) 및 NDF함량(含量)은 방목기(放牧期)의 23.9% 및 37.8%에서 건초기(乾草期)에는 각각(各各) 30.3% 및 49.1%로 증가(增加)된데 반(反)해 가용무질소물(可溶無窒素物) 및 TNC함량(含量)은 식물생육(植物生育)이 진행(進行)됨에 따라 감소(減少)하는 결과(結果)였다.