• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.30-37
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• 2014

단차로 하이패스시스템의 지 정체로 인한 교통 혼잡, 안전사고, 유지보수 등 매년 발생하는 문제를 해결하기 위해 무정차 다차로 고속주행기반 시스템의 개발이 필요하게 되었다. 하이패스 통신시스템은 단차로 환경에서 선입선출 방식이므로, 다차로 환경에서 발생하는 군집주행 및 차로전환 등 다양한 주행패턴을 처리할 수 없다. 본 논문에서는, 기존의 하이패스 단말기를 수용하면서 다차로 주행이 가능한 통신시스템을 개발했다. 능동형 RF/IR 통신 안테나를 이용해 중첩 영역은 넓히고, 오류범위를 최소화 하는 기술을 구현했다. 체험도로를 다차로 실 환경처럼 구축하여 테스트한 결과 하이패스시험기준을 통과했을 뿐 아니라, 속도별, 차로별, 차로전환별 주행시험 및 단말기 위치별 시험 결과 통신 정확도도 99.9%로 하이패스시스템의 성능을 만족했다. 무정차 다차로를 위한 통신시스템은 향후 고속도로 및 유료도로에서도 사용할 수 있을 뿐 아니라, 주차장에서도 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 화약ㆍ발파
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.19-30
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• 1995

NATM as method of tunneling has been applied to construction of domestic subway, roads, rail way, water way etc. Accordingly, we have NATM's many drafts and constructional results, but many problems and accidents have occurred under construction of tunnel using NATM for shortage of technical data. Poorness of constructional improvement, systemic inconsistency etc. Especially, everyone was shocked at Gupo's train wrecking accident lately. The purpose of this thesis is presentation of means for setting technical problems, by looking into Gupo's train wrecking accident and home records that applying NATM in tunneling failed, to minimize future safety accidents we find that the general problems of home fifteen sites having occured accidents is badly geological survey, nonconfirmationi of base rock's state, formal measuring management, shortage of specialists, systemical discrepancy and that disregarding NATM's rules makes general problems. The results of this study are Summarised as follows : 1. We advise repletion of design standards to practice crosshole test for confirming connected rock base on vertical section of tunnel. 2. We advise to practice pre0boring and pre-grouting for a weak layer difficult in applying NATM. 3. We advise systemic improvements that field servicer can construct tunnel of his own free will considering base rock's state at tunnel . 4. We advise that specialist, who can make a conduct and supervise above mentioned items as well as measuring management, should be posted at field.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.25-27
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• 2012

A 30-year-old, male truck driver had a traffic accident and visited a hospital due to left hip pain. The patient's femoral head was fractured, and he was treated conservatively. For 14 years afterwards, he walked without a limp, had no pain, and drove his truck. He was involved in another traffic accident and experienced a comminuted fracture of the left distal femur 14 years after the initial injury. Although he was symptom-free, while being treated by open reduction and internal fixation for the distal femur fracture, he was concerned about the status of his left femoral head. Pelvis radiographs and reconstructed CT images were done, and they showed a spur change around the femoral head which had a dense sclerotic band within and revealed a slight depression of subchondral bone of the medial portion of the femoral head. The diagnosis was a Pipkin type-II fracture of the femoral head.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.374-379
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• 2017

In vehicle to pedestrian accidents, cracks occur in the vehicle laminated glass due to impact of a pedestrian's head. In this study, FMH(Free Motion Headform) was used to experiment on and analyze the crack patterns on a vehicle laminated glass that collides with an adult headform at speeds of 20 km/h, 30 km/h, and 40 km/h, respectively. Applying the acquired experimental data and material property of the vehicle laminated glass to the structural analysis program LS-Dyna, we could develop the FE model of vehicle laminated glass similar to real vehicle laminated glass. We could estimate the head impact velocity and pedestrian's vehicle impact velocity using the Madymo program.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.92-102
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• 1994

NATM as method of tunneling has been applied to construction of domestic subway, roads, rail way, water way etc. Accordingly we have NATM's many drafts and constructional results, but many problems and accidents have occurred under construction of tunnel using NATM for shortage of technical data, poorness of constructional improvement, systemic inconsistency etc. Especially, everyone was shocked at Gupo's train wrecking accident lately. The purpose of this thesis is presentation of means for settling technical problems, by looking into Gupo's train wrecking accident and home records that applying NATM in tunneling failed, to minimize future safety accidents we find that the general problems of home fifteen sites haying occured accidents is badly geological survey, nonconfirmation of base rock's state, formal measuring management, shortage of specialists, systemical discrepancy and that disregarding NATM's rules makes general problems. The results of this study are summarised as follows ; 1. We advise repletion of design standards to practice crosshole test for confirming connected rock base on vertical section of tunnel. 2. We advise to practice pre-boring and pre-grouting for a weak layer difficult in applying NATM. 3. We advise systemic improvements that field servicer can construct tunnel of his own free will considering base rock's state at tunnel. 4. We advise that specialist, who can make a conduct and supervise above mentioned items as well as measuring managements, should be posted at field.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.8-18
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• 2005

Pedestrians involved in traffic accidents manifest unique trajectory characteristics depending on the collision speed, vehicle configuration, and pedestrian postures. However, the existing analytical models for pedestrian movements do not fully include the rotational characteristics of the pedestrians because they assume a two dimensional parabolic trajectory. This faulty assumption in the development of these models limits their applicability and reliability This study investigated the pedestrians movement at collision by computer simulation. The simulations are carried out by using HADYMO, which is a special simulation software system for dynamic movement analysis. Vehicles and pedestrians are modeled and verified via real crash worthiness experiments. Simulations are performed for various collision speeds, vehicle configuration, and pedestrian postures. Since the simulation uses multi-body dynamics, It can express irregular phenomena of the bodies quite well. The results can be exploited for vehicle design and traffic accident reconstruction.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.125-136
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• 2012

In most child-care facilities, homeroom teachers take the responsibilities for safety education, which has been conducted in class hours on a regular basis. It was found that most homeroom teachers are lacking in teacher training opportunities, and the younger they are, the less training experience they get. Teachers with fewer teaching careers had a greater interest in safety education and training courses. In addition, homeroom teachers have been utilizing monthly toddler magazines as a method to acquire knowledges for safety education and prevention of safety accidents. The safety accidents which have most frequently occurred in care-care facilities turned out to be stumble and tear, and infants aged 3 years or younger were found to be easily exposed to the safety accidents mainly due to the frolic between peers during the free-choice activity time. The homeroom teachers recognized only traffic safety education among the range of safety training courses, which varied depending on teaching career such as traffic safety education and indoor/outdoor safety environment training, etc. In addition, it turned out that the safety training methods were limited to the utilization of discussion techniques, role-playing, description and demonstration.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.273-280
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• 2019

Predicting ship manoeuvrability is attracting widespread interest in the field of analyzing maritime accident to simulate a highly accurate track of a ship in abnormal accident situations. This study investigated the manoeuvrability of a ship in abnormally heeled condition. Free Running Model Tests (FRMT) with 1/65.83 scaled KCS (KRISO container ship) were conducted in three heeled conditions; $35^{\circ}$ turning circle tests and 20/20 zigzag manoeuvring tests were conducted in $0^{\circ}$, $-10^{\circ}$, and $-20^{\circ}$ conditions. The test results showed that the heeled to port condition significantly affected starboard turning and zigzag characteristics; the tactical diameters in the turning circle tests decreased, and the first overshoot angles in the zigzag tests increased when the ship was in the larger heeled condition. These results indicate that the roll angle of the ship considerably affects yaw rate and speed decrease of the ship. The turning and zigzag indices from trajectory and navigation data in the study were provided for benchmark data sets.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제29권4D호
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• pp.499-507
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• 2009

도로중앙분리대는 4차선이상의 도로에서 차도방향별로 분리하는 도로안전구조물로서, 도로교통사고와 같은 긴급 상황시 운전자 및 승객의 생명과 안전을 보호 하고, 교통장애를 최소화하기 위하여, 첨단 유비쿼터스 IT기술을 융합한 유비쿼터스 도로 중앙분리대 시스템을 제안하였다. 본 논문에서는 지능형 도로중앙분리대의 교통사고 상황인지를 위한 센서노드필드를 구성하고, 자유공간 송, 수신테스트 및 실외시험을 통해 미들웨어를 개발한 결과, 무선통신을 통해 언제, 어디서나 교통사고 발생을 24시간 실시간 인지하여 병원 및 경찰 같은 유관기관 및 담당자에게 신속하게 통보, 대처하는 것을 검증하였다.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.35-45
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• 1996

After transplantation of groin free flap was sucessed by the Daniel and Taylor in 1973, the reconstruction of plastic surgery was extensive and universal due to rapidly developement of anatomic study of the donor site and technique of microvascular surgery. The free tissue transfers is possible to be early activity and rehabilitation by one stage operation. It currently available allow transfer of specific tissue quality as bone, muscle, nerve to achieve a functional and cosmetic result as well as the most favorable secondary defect. But free flaps require critical, skillful technique and lengthy operating time. Also it has disadvantage of donor site morbity at the large tissue transfer. Authors were transferred with 107 cases in 103 patients from May 1987 to June 1996, and then we analysed free tissue transfer to acquire more increased sucess rate, satisfactory functional and cosmetic results. The sexual distribution was male prominent in 79 cases(76.7%), female in 24(23.3%) and age was variable distribution from 3 to 76 years old. The cause of defects was most prevalent in trauma of traffic and industrial accident in 51 cases(49%). The common recipient site were lower extremities in 47 cases(43.9%), upper extremities in 28 cases(26.5%), head and neck in 25 cases(23.4%), and trunk in 7 cases(6.5%). The type of transfer were free skin flaps in 46 cases(43%), free muscle or musculocutaneous flaps in 31 cases(29%), free vasculized or osteocutaneous flaps in 10 cases(9.3%), and specilized free flaps in 20 cases(18.7%). The anastomosis of artery was end to end anastomosis in 94 cases(87.9%), end to side anastomosis in 13 cases(12.1%) and all vein was end to end anastomosis. The number of anastomosed vessels were one artery one vein in 62 cases(57.9%), one artery two vein in 45 cases(42.1%) and vein graft was performed only one case. The postoperative mornitoring were used with temperature, color of flap, capillary refilling time, ultrasonogram, bone scan, doppler, and endoscopy. The reexploration was performed in 9 cases(8.4%), and then flap was loss in 3 cases(2.8%). Accordingly overall success rate was 97.2%. The postoperative complication was early vascular occlusion, hematoma, partial necrosis and late bulkiness, scarring, color dismatch etc. Therefore, free tissue transfer is the preferred method of treatment, even through conventional local and distant flaps are available.