• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.93-102
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• 2018

This study aims to present policy implications by analyzing information security behavior factors of internet users. The research model, based on PMT and UTAUT2, consists of perceived threat, severity, social influence, self-efficacy, experience and habits, PC and privacy behaviors, security behaviors on new services and set demographic characteristics, use places of internet, use of paid products, and experiences of accident as moderate variables to analyze the effect on security behavior. The results showed that perceived severity, self-efficacy significantly influenced on experience and habits, and experience and habits and self-efficacy had a high influence on PC and privacy behavior. Also, PC and privacy behaviors have a high impact on security behavior of new services. Age, income, use of paid products, and experience of accidents have a moderating effects on security behaviors. The results of this study are expected to help policy decision making to improve the level of information security of internet users.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.57-72
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• 2002

Students spend most of their time in school. Schools have the possibility of unanticipated accidents, however, and the rate of accidents in schools is increasing. The purpose of this study were to understand the accidents that arise in schools as well as the school safety management system and by analyzing affects that school safety management system has on accidents in schools, to come lip with a preventive plan. 906 high school sophomore students attending in Seoul were surveyed 1Tom November 12th to 23rd 2001. The results were following: 1. Students surveyed comprised of the following: Male 48.9%, Female 51.1% Public Schools 32.6%, Private Schools 67.4% Boys Schools 48.9%, Girls Schools 51.1% 2. In the past year, male students had more accidents(p〈.05) in school. 3. In examining students safety management control, 94.0% said that, there is an infirmary, there is a clear distinction between the playing fields and pathways(74.8%), and the chemicals in the labs are kept in a safe manner(77.2%). The above items were generally well maintained. However, the following recorded low scores. There are warning signs in hazardous places and facilities(30.5%), There is guiding principle to examine the safeness on a regular basis(24.9%), and There are slogans and posters preventing accidents(40.3%). 4. In examining the facilities of the schools that were surveyed, the majority answered, yes to the following. There are hazardous facilities or materials at school(62.9%), There are sharp edges in educational supplies and equipment(59.8%), There are nails or other components that are sticking out of desks and chairs(75.9%), There are slippery spots in the corridors and classrooms(69.3%), There are stones, scrap metal, broken glass, and trash on the playing fields(66.6%). Furthermore, the students surveyed said, yes to the following although in low percentages. The amount of sand on the playing fields is sufficient(49.1%), The soccer and basket goal posts are fastened (53.7%), There are safety bars on the windows of classrooms and corridors (27.4%), There are safety mats on the entrance to restrooms preventing slips (14.2%), The stairs have slip protection measures(49.1%). 5. In analyzing the affect that the school safety management system has on accidents in school, schools that had slogans and posters preventing accidents had a 50% less chance of accidents(p〈.05), schools with chemicals and equipment in the labs that were safely maintained had an 80% less probability of accidents(p〈.0l), and the schools that had sharp edges in the educational supplies and equipment had an 80% greater chance of accidents(p〈.01).

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.67-79
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• 2016

Purpose - Over recent years, we have concerned about safety and quality on food products because of delivery complexity. The dependence of foreign food products escalate supply of products. And there are often negligent accident of marine and agricultural products. Therefore, the complexity increases the importance of safety on food and information quality for consumers. In spite of the interest augmentation of various interested parties, there is decrease in reliability and effectiveness, if it would be established without the right directivity. For the study, we tried to examine the first considerations the point of - view in service environment and information quality with accepting and diffusing the Traceability System. Then, we tried to verify the relationships between the factors of TS and the determinants of behavior decision. Next, we made efforts to find the mutual relationship among distributors, producers, consumers and the other prerequisite factors from the point of view in service environment and information quality in order to operate effectively the information perspective and system. Research design, data, and methodology - For the purpose of this study, the samples of consumers were targeted to Traceability System, and 661 people have been investigated. Through theoretical discussion of previous research, nine hypotheses were established, the influence of Continuous User Intention in TS. In order to test the hypotheses, a survey had conducted for 661 consumers as opinion leaders in their 20s-60s as data, and structural equation modeling was used. The difference analysis between Agricultural and Marine Products in TS; SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 22.0 were used for statistical analysis. Results - The major findings from this study were as follow; all factors of information quality excluding completeness and a social-impact had effects on the ease of use; all factors excluding understand ability in information quality and a social-impact had effects on the usefulness; completeness and social-impact had effects on perceived value; the ease of use had effects on usefulness and perceived value; usefulness had effects on perceived value and the intention of continuous use. From the results of different analysis, the CPLT(Completeness) factor has positive effects on Easy of USE and PV(Perceived Value) strongly in agricultural products. On the other hand, Social Duty has positive effects on Easy of Use strongly in marine products. Conclusion - In the age of information overflowing, TS will be a burden for users if it places too much emphasis upon accessibility. To accept and diffuse TS safely, therefore, Information System should be settled first into initial market formation. In addition, if TS elements are considered in conjunction with information factors and user environment, the acceptance and diffusion of TS would make synergy effect, even better. That is, this study contributes to the acceptance and diffusion of Traceability System. Accordingly, information quality will be settled into initial market formation. Also, social-impact element will be considered in conjunction with information quality's factors, and it will make synergy effect.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.65-74
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• 1981

This survey was made to determine the overall health situation on (1) the status of sickness; (2) the medical care utilization; (3) the medical cost in Mi-Kum Myun, Nam Yang Ju Gun, Kyung-Gi Do. The survey with questionnaire was carried out with 2,840 peoples in 560 households from August 9th to 16th, 1979. The findings from the survey were as follows; 1. Annual morbidity rate of the prolonged ill cases was 97.2 per 1,000 population (male 94.7, female 99.6), The highest age specific morbidity rate was 274.5 of the 45-to 64-year group and the lowest was 21.9 of the 5-to 14-year group. 2. Annual morbidity rate of the new patients was 777.5 per 1,000 population(male 644.5, female 909.5). 3. The chief complaints distribution of the prolonged ill cases was: local pain 36.6%, indigestion 22.4%, and coughing 7.3%, respectively, In terms of age and sex distribution, a large number of female of the 45-to 64-year group complained of local pain or general pain and a large number of both sexes of the 25-to 44-year group complaned of indigestion. 4. The major diseases of the new patients which classified with International Classfication of Diseases (I.C.D.) were disease of the respiratory system, disease of the digestive system, and disease of the musculo-skeletal system and connective tissue for male, disease of the respiratory system, disease of the digestive system, and accident, poisoning, violence for female. 5. Total ill days of the 92 new patients were 536 days and average ill days per case were $6{\pm}38.3$ days. 6. The rate of receiving treatment in the prolonged ill cases was 82.2%(medical facilities 46.4%, drug stores 27.5%, herb medicine 8.3%). 7. The rate of receiving treatment by first choice of the new patients was 88.0% (drug stores 57.%, medical facilities 28.2%, and herb medicine 2.2%), and the rate of receiving treatment by second choice was 30.9% of first treatment cases (medical facilities 44.0%, drug store 44.0% and herb meicine 12.0%). 8. Annual hospitalization rate per 1,000 population was 12.0 (male 12.0, female 11.9). 9. The locations of medical facilities utilized by out-patients were: in the prolonged ill cases Seoul or other places 66.4%, Nam Yang Ju Gun 33.6%, in cases of the new patients Seoul or other places 35.1% and Nam Yang Ju Gun 64.9% respectively. 10. The satisfaction rate of the new patients by mode of receiving treatment was: in cases of primary utilization by first choice herb medicine 100.0%, medical facilities 88.5%, and drug stores 69.8%, in cases of secondary utilization medical facilities 100.0%, herb medicine 100.0%, and drug stores 72.7% respectively. 11. The medical cost per utilized facilities was as follows; in average medical fee per case out-patient 8.947 won, in-patient 266,000 won, drug stores 1,532 won, and herb medicine 15,607 won, in average medical fee per day out-patient 4,829 won, in patient 14,178 won, drug stores 891 won, and herb medicine 4,906 won respectively. 12. The sources of the hospital charges paid out were: there own expense 50.0%, debt 35.3%, and security of medical care 14.7% respectively.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.305-319
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• 2020

A The purpose of this study was to determine the present state of the exercise rehabilitation field, promote elderly sport for all, and present a revitalization program for higher quality of life for the elderly in the coming era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and aged society. Literature review was performed to analyze the actual conditions of the activities for elderly sport for all and the relevant field of exercise rehabilitation, analyze the elderly health and welfare and elderly sport for all programs, and present a plan for revitalizing the field of exercise rehabilitation to promote elderly sport for all. First, it is necessary to reinforce the awareness and promotion of the need and importance of exercise rehabilitation in inducing seniors to participate in sport for all. Second, it is necessary to make it compulsory to place sport leaders for seniors at such places as elderly leisure and welfare centers and promote expertise in managing elderly health guidance efficiently through cooperation with welfare workers. Third, it is necessary to make it compulsory to take exercise rehabilitation and similar subjects in the curriculums of sport for all, elderly sport welfare, and silver welfare sport as well as the subject of volunteering activities at such places as elderly leisure and welfare centers with the aim of giving opportunities for career choice. Fourth, it is necessary to develop characterized exercise rehabilitation programs at senior welfare centers, community centers for the elderly, and elderly classes and employ experts equipped with exercise event and exercise rehabilitation capabilities as itinerant lecturers to contribute to the government's job creation policies through cooperation between the Ministry of Culture, Sports, and Tourism (MOCST) and the Ministry of Health and Welfare (MOHW). Fifth, it is necessary to make a greater investment in research and development required for elderly sport for all. Sixth, it is necessary to develop and distribute various exercise rehabilitation treatment videos and guidelines that seniors can use for themselves. This is associated with the fifth one; in particular, it is urgent to devise measures against Coronavirus 19. Seventh, it is necessary to reduce inefficiency and budget waste caused by overlapped tasks by establishing a new elderly sports promotion organization through adjustment by MOCST and MOHW; it is also necessary to increase the functions of organization establishment with the aim of reinforcing the education area, which involves post-retirement health care, exercise rehabilitation, safety accident prevention, and virus.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.4-9
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• 1966

1. On 13 September 1964 a storm raged for 3 hours and 20 minutes with pounding heavy rainfalls, and precipitation of 287.5 mm was recorded on that day. The numerous landslides were occured in the eroded forest land neighbouring Mt. Chunbo, while no landslides recorde at all on Mt. Jookyup within the premise of Kwangnung Experiment Station, the Forest Experiment Station. 2. Small-scalled Landslides were occured in 43 different places of watershed area (21.97 ha.) in which the survey had already been done, in and around Mt. Chunbo (378 m a.s.l.). The accumulated soil amount totaled $2,146,56m^3$ due to the above mentioned landslides, while soil accumulated from riverside erosion has reached to $24,168.79m^3$, consisting of soils, stones, and pebbles. However, no landslides were reported in the Mt. Jook yup area because of dense forest covers. The ratio of the eroded soil amount accumulated from the riversides to that of watershed area was 1 to 25. On the other hand, the loss and damage in the research area of Mt. Chonbo are as follows: 28 houses completly destroyed or missing 7 houses partially destroyed 51 men were dead 5 missing, and 57 wounded. It was a terrible human disaster However, no human casualties were recorded at all, 1 house-completly destroyed and missing, 2 houses-partially destroyed. Total:3 houses were destroyed or damaged, in The area of Mt. Jookyup 3. In the calculation of the quanty of accumulated soil, the or mula of "V=1/3h ($a+{\sqrt{ab}}+b$)" was used and it showed that 24, 168.79m of soil, sands, stones and pebbles carried away. 4. Average slope of the stream stood 15 at the time of accident and well found that there was a correlation between the 87% of cross-area sufferd valley erosion and the length of eroded valley, after a study on regression and correlation of the length and cross-area. In other works, the soil erosion was and severe as we approached to the down-stream, counting at a place of average ($15^{\circ}1^{\prime}$) and below. We might draw a correlation such as "Y=ax-b" in terms of the length and cross-area of the eroded valley. 5. Sites of char-coal pits were found in the upper part of the desert-like Mt. Chunbo and a professional opinion shows that the mountain was once covered by the oak three species. Furthermore, we found that the soil of both mountains have been kept the same soil system according to a research of the soil cross-area. In other words, we can draw out the fact that, originally, the forest type and soil type of both Mt. Chunbo (378m) and Mt. Jookyup (610m) have been and are the same. However, Mt. Chunbo has been much more devastated than Mt. Jookyup, and carried away its soil nutrition to the extent that the ratios of N. $P_2O_5K_2O$ and Humus C.E.C between these two mountains are 1:10;1:5 respectively. 6. Mt. Chunbo has been mostly eroded for the past 30 years, and it consists of gravels of 2mm or larger size in the upper part of the mountain, while in the lower foot part, the sandy loam was formulated due to the fact that the gluey soil has been carried and accumulated. On the hand, Mt. Jookyup has consitantly kept the all the same forest type and sandy loam of brown colour both in the upper and lower parts. 7. As for the capability of absorbing and saturating maximum humidity by the surface soil, the ratios of wet soil to dry soil are 42.8% in the hill side and lower part of the eroded Mt. Chunbo and 28.5% in the upper part. On the contrary, Mt. Jookyup on which the forest type has not been changed, shows that the ratio in 77.4% in the hill-side and 68.2% in the upper part, approximately twice as much humidity as Mt. Chunbo. This proves the fact that the forest lands with dense forest covers are much more capable of maintaining water by wood, vegitation, and an organic material. The strength of dreventing from carring away surface soil is great due to the vigorous network of the root systems. 8. As mentioned above, the devastated forest land cause not only much greater devastation, but also human loss and property damage. We must bear in mind that the eroded forest land has taken the valuable soil, which is the very existance of origin of both human being and all creatures. As for the prescription for preventing erosion of forest land, the trees for furtilization has to be planted in the hill,side with at least reasonable amount of aertilizer, in order to restore the strength of earth soil, while in the lower part, thorough erosion control and reforestation, and establishments along the riversides have to be made, so as to restore the forest type.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.642-651
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• 2008

This study was carried out to give basic information of traumatic injuries of primary and permanent teeth which can be used for diagnosis and management of injured teeth. From January 2003 to July 2007, 570 children with 1394 teeth who came to pediatric dentistry and emergency center of Chonnam National University Hospital due to the traumatized teeth participated in this study. The following data were investigated. : age, sex, causes and places of trauma, position of injured teeth, types of injury, and treatment at the first visit. 1. Trauma prevailed at the age of 1, $6{\sim}8$, $17{\sim}18$ and the rate of males was more likely to be higher than the rate of females(1.9 : 1). 2. The main cause of injury is a fall-down injury for primary and mixed dentition, but is a traffic accident and fighting for permanent dentition, respectably. The place of injury for primary dentition is mainly home(45.3%), while street for mixed and permanent dentition. 3. The position of injured teeth according to the area in the mouth is mainly maxillary anterior teeth in both case of primary and permanent teeth and especially, the ratio of central incisors is high. 4. The periodontal tissue injury occurred the most frequently in the primary and the permanent teeth, but the ratio of hard tissue injury in the permanent teeth increased, compared with the primary teeth. 5. Among treatments at the first visit, observation without actual treatment comprised 75.6% in the primary teeth and 55.4% in the permanent teeth, respectably. The pulp necrosis occurred in 20.3% of the primary teeth and 26.6% of the permanent teeth in the case of the periodontal tissue injuries, respectably.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.21 no.2 s.24
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• pp.224-237
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• 1988

To determine the causes of and related factors to childhood injuries, the emergency room records and inpatient medical records were reviewed for 4,849 injured children out of 15,790 pediatric patients(<15 years old) who visited the emergency rooms of 3 university hospitals and 2 general hospitals in Taegu from 1 January to 31 December 1987. Out of total injured children, 54.675 were 3-8 years old and the male to female ratio of the total injured children was about 2:1. The leading causes of injury were falls and slips (29.1%) and traffic accident(28.2%). The frequency of injury was higher in May-October than the rest of months and 51.6% of the injuries occurred between 15 and 20 o'clock. Falls and slips took place most frequently at the stairway(25.7%). The most common interpersonal violence was inflicted injuries(85.6%) and there were 11 child rapes. Dog bites accounted for 67.6% of all biting injuries and it occured 2.9 times more in male than in female. CO intoxication was the most common cause of poisoning (45.3%) and scalding accounted for 85.2% of all burns. Common places of drownings were river (32.2%), swimming pool (22.6%) and construction site(19.3%). To prevent childhood injuries, it is recommended to eliminate the hazardous environmental factors, to provide safe playgrounds, to educate the children for safety from kindergarten and the general public through mass communication, to establish a strict safety standard for houses, public buildings and facilities, and playgrounds.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.39 no.6_1
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• pp.1353-1369
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• 2023

In the event of a disaster accident at sea, the scale of damage will vary due to weather effects such as wind, currents, and tidal waves, and it is obligatory to minimize the scale of damage by establishing appropriate control plans through quick on-site identification. In particular, it is difficult to identify pollutants that exist in a thin film at sea surface due to their relatively low viscosity and surface tension among pollutants discharged into the sea. Therefore, this study aims to develop an algorithm to detect suspended pollutants on the sea surface in RGB images using imaging equipment that can be easily used in the field, and to evaluate the performance of the algorithm using input data obtained from actual waters. The developed algorithm uses image enhancement techniques to improve the contrast between the intensity values of pollutants and general sea surfaces, and through histogram analysis, the background threshold is found,suspended solids other than pollutants are removed, and finally pollutants are classified. In this study, a real sea test using substitute materials was performed to evaluate the performance of the developed algorithm, and most of the suspended marine pollutants were detected, but the false detection area occurred in places with strong waves. However, the detection results are about three times better than the detection method using a single threshold in the existing algorithm. Through the results of this R&D, it is expected to be useful for on-site control response activities by detecting suspended marine pollutants that were difficult to identify with the naked eye at existing sites.