• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.213-218
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• 2021

This paper proposes a technique for detecting a significant threat that attempts to get sensitive and confidential information such as usernames, passwords, credit card information, and more to target an individual or organization. By definition, a phishing attack happens when malicious people pose as trusted entities to fraudulently obtain user data. Phishing is classified as a type of social engineering attack. For a phishing attack to happen, a victim must be convinced to open an email or a direct message [1]. The email or direct message will contain a link that the victim will be required to click on. The aim of the attack is usually to install malicious software or to freeze a system. In other instances, the attackers will threaten to reveal sensitive information obtained from the victim. Phishing attacks can have devastating effects on the victim. Sensitive and confidential information can find its way into the hands of malicious people. Another devastating effect of phishing attacks is identity theft [1]. Attackers may impersonate the victim to make unauthorized purchases. Victims also complain of loss of funds when attackers access their credit card information. The proposed method has two major subsystems: (1) Data collection: different websites have been collected as a big data corresponding to normal and phishing dataset, and (2) distributed detection system: different artificial algorithms are used: a neural network algorithm and machine learning. The Amazon cloud was used for running the cluster with different cores of machines. The experiment results of the proposed system achieved very good accuracy and detection rate as well.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.467-474
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• 2024

This study analyses customer data from a US online lending platform to empirically document the discriminatory treatment that low- and middle-income borrowers face in financial markets. Researchers are using financial data from nearly 2.93 million loans between 2007~2020 of the Lending Club on the open-source Kaggle platform. We find that thin-filers borrowers, especially those with lower credit scores, receive loans at higher interest rates. This discriminatory treatment undermines financial inclusion and has the potential to increase social inequality. The significance of this research is that it sheds substantial light on the problem of inequality in financial markets and, based on the findings, suggests concrete measures to ensure equitable access to finance for all customers and enhance sustainable financial inclusion. In doing so, we propose a shift towards enhancing the social responsibility of institutions.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.147-171
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine low-income households' financial problems and the demand for financial counseling. For these purposes, a survey of 500 low-income households was conducted by an on-line survey company. The results were as follows. First, four types of low-income households classified by income and job criteria were: the not-working poorest (16.2%), the working poor (27.0%), the not-working low-income (13.8%), and the working low-income (43.4%). Also, seven areas of financial problems were found through factor analysis. They included difficulty of survival, insufficient funds for special expenditures, defaults on financial obligation, decrease of income, increase of debts, emotional anguish, and difficulty in meeting living expenditures. 61.6% of respondents requested financial counseling, and 44.5% of them preferred internet counseling to counseling by phone or in-person, while 49.5% desired access to public counseling organizations. The five types of financial counseling content for low-income households that were found through factor analysis were financial planning, credit management, asset management/investment, public support, and use of credit cards. The low-income householders demanded financial planning counseling and pubic support counseling more than the other types of financial counseling. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the demand for financial counseling participation was significantly influenced by age and income. The demand for financial counseling content was age, income, and types of financial problems. Therefore, general financial counseling programs for low-income households should be expanded. Furthermore, those counseling programs can be useful if they not only include credit management but also financial planning, economic support information and savings.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.1146-1154
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• 2010

A virtual machine lease service in the cloud computing environment has been implemented using the open source cloud computing platform, OpenNebula. In addition, a web-based cloud user interface is developed for both convenient resource management and efficient service access. The present virtual machine allocation scheme adopted in OpenNebula has performance reduction problem because of not considering CPU allocation scheduler of the virtualization software. In order to address this problem we have considered both the priority of the idle CPU resources of the cluster and credit scheduler of Xen, which resulted in performance improvement of the OpenNebula virtual machine scheduler. The experimental results showed that the proposed allocation scheme provided more virtual machine creations and more CPU resource allocations for cloud service.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.47-59
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• 2020

This paper intends to explore the relationship between financial inclusion and financial stability under the scope of Asian economies. The linkage will be thoroughly investigated with country-level and bank-level data of 42 countries in three separate years: 2011, 2014, and 2017. In this study, an inclusive financial system is assessed by two dimensions: usage of financial services and access to the financial system. Usage of financial services ranges from account to credit, savings and payment services. Access to financial system measures the financial outreach where individuals can use financial services. Meanwhile, financial stability, which proxied by Bank Z-score is regarded as the dependent variable. We apply fixed effects regression and random effects regression to capture the impacts of financial inclusion upon financial stability. To enhance the robustness of the model, the Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS) regression is therefore adopted as the solution for the random effects regression. The empirical findings exhibit an overall weak positive influence of financial inclusion on financial stability. The research results also provide both financial institutions and governments with insightful information, which helps them to have an appropriate financial development strategy, improve the regulatory framework and consequently enhance financial stability for the whole system.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.8
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• pp.421-431
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• 2021

This study investigates the empirical linkages between ASEAN countries' institutional quality and financial inclusion using country data from 2008-2019. In this paper, six governance indicators from the World Governance index are used to measure the impact of institutions on financial inclusion. The PCA method's financial inclusion index is constructed from 3 indicators: penetration, access, and usage: penetration, access, and usage with six indices respectively as the number of ATMs per 1000 km², the number of bank branches per 1000 km², the number of ATMs per 100,000 people and the number of bank branches for 100,000 adults, the ratio of credit to private to GDP, and the ratio of deposit to private to GDP. Regression analysis with the Generalized Moments method shows the positive impact of institutions and other control variables like GDP per capita, inflation, bank concentration, and human development index on financial inclusion. Therefore, this study recommends that the government and policymakers in countries pursue the financial inclusion agenda to pay attention to the financial and economic indicators and institutional factors. This is because many savers, borrowers, and investors may not be protected when financial contracts are enforced or breaches occur in an environment where economic, legal, judicial, and political institutions are weak, such as in ASEAN countries.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.9
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• pp.229-239
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• 2020

This paper examines the impact of gender on access to debt finance among Vietnamese enterprises. The paper investigates data and variables retrieved from the World Bank Enterprise Survey dataset using five Probit models. The regression results suggest that there exist more unfavourable debt financing conditions for women-led firms (WLF), measured as a lower probability of having loan applications fully approved. Firm's age, working sector, and perception of access to finance as a difficulty are found to have explanatory power on the discrimination. More importantly, the perception of debt finance as a difficulty or firms' level of confidence significantly explains the variance of the dependent variable of probability of loan approval, or gender effect would be more pronounced if the firm already has a low level of confidence. The paper also contributes in testing for the gender effect on Vietnamese enterprises from different sectors and scale, unlike other prior research papers focusing on specific sectors and/or small and medium enterprises only. The findings are highly useful for Vietnamese credit institutions to set out a specific business policy to attract more WLFs and help promoting gender equality in the working environment, especially in debt financing, which is often neglected in existing regulation and policy frameworks.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.7
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• pp.139-150
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• 2021

The financial system is a relatively important sector in the economy of a country. Its role in providing access to financial services to people is able to support a better economy. The main problem in this financial system is caused by the barriers that prevent individuals or companies from accessing these financial services. This study aims to empirically analyze the relationship financial inclusion and financial system stability in ASEAN 4 (Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and The Philippines). Financial inclusion proxied by the financial inclusion through credit variable and other banking variables such as the number of financial services access, banking asset, and financial system stabilization is seen from banking performance through non-performing loan and Z score instruments. Empirically, the study uses panel data in the form of annual data for 2005-2016. The method used Panel VAR. The result shows that financial inclusion affects the stability of the financial system in ASEAN 4. This indicates that financial development through financial inclusion can encourage stability of the financial system in ASEAN 4. In this globalization era, the integrated financial system is increasing, this research shows the importance of developing financial inclusion by eliminating barriers to financial exclusion.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.225-235
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• 2015

Recently, the administration and supervision of Information Security Certification and Security Inspection has been enforced but information leakage and security accidents by insiders are increasing consistently. The security accidents by insiders ran to 21% in 2010, by the 2011 Cyber Security Watch Survey. The problem is that immediate recognition is difficult and stopgap measure is mostly adopted without company's external notice apprehensive for cost increase or credit drop in case of internal security accidents. In the paper, we conducted the regression study on security access management then proposed the standard process available for other systems and businesses sites. It can be very useful for many companies to investigate, analyze and improve the problem of security management conveniently.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.5 no.10
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• pp.373-378
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• 2016

Recently, IPS(Indoor Positioning System) Technology has been progressing study and research, It has been studied in the fingerprinting and trilateration continuously. however because Fingerprinting and Trilateration Technology use AP(Access Point) for Positioning Calculation, Fingerprinting and Trilateration are not never had a credit positioning accuracy by using unstable RSSI in large scale. in this paper, to improve the problem about precise positioning in wide area, we introduced a concept of Sector including Cell. Sectors are not involved in each other and only fingerprinting calculation is proceed in a sector. we suggest this fingerprinting system considering efficiency and accuracy and compared to conventional fingerprinting, we demonstrated our system efficiency by mathematical techniques.