• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2005년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1853-1857
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• 2005

In most of motor-driven motion control systems, an encoder is used to measure a position of the motor and the velocity information is obtained by measuring the position increment over a sampling period. The quantization effect due to limited resolution of the encoder induces some measurement errors, and consequently causes deterioration of the motion performance especially in low velocity. In this paper, we propose a gain-scheduled acceleration estimator which works in wider velocity range than the original acceleration estimator. We investigate and analyze characteristics of the velocity measurement mechanism which takes into account the quantization effect of the encoder. Next, we introduce the acceleration estimator and propose a gain-scheduled acceleration estimator. The bandwidth of the gain-scheduled acceleration estimator is automatically adjusted by the velocity command. Finally, its performance is evaluated by simulation and experiment, and the results are compared with those of a conventional method and the original acceleration estimator.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.109-117
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• 2003

The analysis and evaluation of the transient performance by the transient response specifications under various acceleration speeds and types based on driver's typical acceleration habit are implemented by the experimental study to provide the appropriate direction for the transient control in a gasoline engine. The concept of the transient response specifications which consist of delay time, rising time, maximum overshoot and settling time, and the analysis method using them are introduced to evaluate the characteristics of the transient performance quantitatively. Furthermore four acceleration speeds and four acceleration types are set respectively to realize the various transient states which are similar to the real drive. Several performance parameters in terms of engine speed, manifold absolute pressure, fuel injection duration and air excess ratio are measured simultaneously during the various acceleration using a throttle actuator controlled by a PC. The transient response specifications characterized well the transient performance for the various acceleration speed and types quantitatively. Delay and rising time with increment of the acceleration speed became shorter, but settling time did longer. Intensified acceleration type appeared to be the most economical in view of fuel consumption, and linear acceleration type was found to have the least harmful emission concentration.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제8권6호통권40호
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• pp.73-80
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• 2004

구조물의 손상 진단을 위해 측정 가속도 데이터를 사용한 비선형 시간영역 SI 알고리듬을 개발하였다. 구조물의 비선형 거동을 고려하기 위하여 측정 가속도 증분과 해석에 의한 가속도 증분의 차이로 출력오차를 정의하고, 구속 비선형 최적화 문제를 풀어 최적 구조변수를 구하였다. 개발된 알고리듬은 시간에 따라 변하는 강성도와 감쇠 변수를 추정하도록 하였다. 구조물의 비선형 거동에 의한 복원력은 추정된 시간에 따라 변하는 구조변수와 Newmark-$\beta$법으로 계산한 변위를 사용하여 복원하였으며, 복원 과정에서 비탄성 거동에 대한 어떤 모델도 사전에 설정하지 않았다. 개발한 알고리듬에서는 측정오차와 공간 및 상태에 대한 불완전 측정의 경우를 고려하였다. 개발한 알고리듬을 검증하기 위하여 3층 전단건물에 대한 수치 모의시험과 실내 모형실험을 통한 연구를 수행하였다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.123-138
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• 2022

Present study computes the ultimate bearing capacity of an embedded strip footing situated on the rock slope subjected to seismic loading. Influences of embedment depth of strip footing, horizontal seismic acceleration coefficient, rock slope angle, Geological Strength Index, normalized uniaxial compressive strength of rock mass, disturbance factor, and Hoek-Brown material constant are studied in detail. To perform the analysis, the lower bound finite element limit analysis method in combination with the semidefinite programming is utilized. From the results of the present study, it can be found that the magnitude of the bearing capacity factor reduces quite substantially with an increment in the seismic loading. In addition, with the increment in slope angle, further reduction in the value of the bearing capacity factor is observed. On the other hand, with an increment in the embedment depth, an increment in the value of the bearing capacity factor is found. Stress contours are presented to describe the combined failure mechanism of the footing-rock slope system in the presence of static as well as seismic loadings for the different embedment depths.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.245-261
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• 2007

Nonlinear time-domain system identification (SI) algorithm is proposed to assess damage in a shear building by synchronously estimating time-varying stiffness and damping parameters using measured acceleration data. Mass properties have been assumed as the a priori known information. Viscous damping was utilized for the current research. To chase possible nonlinear dynamic behavior under severe vibration, an incremental governing equation of vibrational motion has been utilized. Stiffness and damping parameters are estimated at each time step by minimizing the response error between measured and computed acceleration increments at the measured degrees-of-freedom. To solve a nonlinear constrained optimization problem for optimal structural parameters, sensitivities of acceleration increment were formulated with respect to stiffness and damping parameters, respectively. Incremental state vectors of vibrational motion were computed numerically by Newmark-${\beta}$ method. No model is pre-defined in the proposed algorithm for recovering the nonlinear response. A time-window scheme together with Monte Carlo iterations was utilized to estimate parameters with noise polluted sparse measured acceleration. A moving average scheme was applied to estimate the time-varying trend of structural parameters in all the examples. To examine the proposed SI algorithm, simulation studies were carried out intensively with sample shear buildings under earthquake excitations. In addition, the algorithm was applied to assess damage with laboratory test data obtained from free vibration on a three-story shear building model.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.94-100
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• 2013

A convergent-divergent nozzle or venturi nozzle has been used to accelerate the wind speed at its throat. The wind speed at the throat is inversely proportional to its area according to the continuity equation. In this numerical study, an airflow phenomena in the venturi system placed at a vertical structure was investigated to understand the vortex effect occurred at the rear-side of the vertical structure on the air speed increment at the throat of the venturi system. For this study, a venturi system sized by $20(m){\times}20(m){\times}6(m)$ was modelled and the area ratio(AR) of the model venturi was 2.86. To see the vortex effect on the air flow acceleration in the venturi throat, two different boundary conditions was defined From the study, it was found that the pressure coefficient(CP) of the venturi system with the vortex formed at the exit of the venturi was about 2.5times of the CP of the venturi system without the vortex effect. The velocity increment rate of the venturi system with the vortex was 61% but 9.5% only at the venturi system without the vortex. Conclusively, it can be said that the venturi system installed in a vertical structure has very positive effect on the flow acceleration at its throat due to the vortex formed at the rear-side of the vertical structure.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2009년도 춘계 학술발표회
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• pp.1198-1209
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• 2009

In this study, an experimental research on the acceleration effect of dredged soil's self weight consolidation with seepage consolidation and PBD was conducted. The middle-sized consolidation equipment had been manufactured in order to investigate the acceleration of sedimentation and self-weight consolidation by PBD and a lower drainage. Seepage pressure was applied to the PBD installed in the center of the test equipment and a drainage by seepage pressure was allowed. The comparison between cases with and without PBD and seepage pressure reveals that the quantity of drained water and the amount of settlement was nearly 1.2 times to 3.68 times greater in the case with PBD and seepage. Early consolidation completion and the use of reclaimed site are expected due to the acceleration of settlement and increase of the quantity of reclamation if PBD is installed while being reclaiming using the result of the research.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제38권10호
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• pp.1157-1162
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• 2014

시간 이력 지진해석시 두 가지 가진 방법론[유효하중법(또는 관성법), 거대질량법]이 적용되고 있는데 균열 없는 구조물에 대해서만 두 가지 가진 방법론의 타당성을 확인한 바 있으나, 균열로 인해 강성이 변화하는 균열 배관에 대해서는 가진 방법론의 타당성에 대한 연구가 수행된 바 없다. 본 연구에서는 시간이력 Implicit 동적 탄성 지진해석을 통해 탄성 파괴역학 측면에서 관통 균열 배관에 대한 두 가지 가진 방법론의 타당성을 평가하였다. 평가 결과, 거대질량의 크기와 최대 시간 증분이 적절히 선정된다면 균열 배관에 대해서도 두 가지 가진 방법론이 모두 동일한 결과를 도출함을 확인하였다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.43-49
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• 2012

In the design of high speed railway bridges is important a impact factor as a tool of assessing the dynamic capacitys of bridges. However, the impact factor(or dynamic amplification factor, DAF) of high speed railway bridges may essentially be changeable because the dynamic response is affected by the long train length(380 m), number of axles and high speed velocity(300 km/h)(Korea Train eXpress: KTX). Therefore, on this study will be examined the dynamic capacity and stability of the typical PSC Box Girder of high speed railway bridge. At first, the static/dynamic analysis is performed considering the axle load line of KTX based upon existing references. Additionally, the KTX moving load is transformed into the dynamic time series load for conducting various parameter studies like axle length, analytical time increment, velocity of KTX. The time history analysis is repeatedly performed to get maximum dynamic responce by varying axle load length, analytical time increment, velocity of KTX. The study shows that dynamic analysis has resonable results with optimal axle load length(0.6 m) and time increment(0.01 sec.) and maximum DAF and dynamic resonance happens at 270 km/h velocity of KTX.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.186-189
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• 2004

Sensor used by semiconductor process produced an MAP sensor and applied to several industry. Among those sensors divided as transducer which convert physical quantity into electrical value, piezoresistive type sensor has been studied for the properties and sensitivity of piezoresistor. In this paper, the variation of seismic mass which have been functioned as actuator moving the cantilever beam analyzed the effect on distribution of resistance change ratio and supposed the optimal shape and position of piezoresistor. The resulting are following; According to the increment of seismic mass size, the value of resistance change ratio decreased caused by improve the stiffness. Y directional piezoresistor is formed in spot of 100 m apart from cantilever edge and length of that is 800$\mu$m. To increase the sensitivity, piezoresistor is made as n-type and x-direction.