• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.119-128
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• 2021

Background: This study assessed anticipatory dental anxiety levels among 8- to 12-year-old children based on subjective and physiological measures and their correlation. The variations in anxiety based on sex, age, temperament, and academic performance were evaluated. Methods: An observational study was conducted in 60 children recruited from the waiting room over a 6-month period. The operator recorded subjective anxiety in the children using a novel visual facial anxiety scale. The operator also noted the demographic details and child's temperament using the nine dimensions of the Thomas and Chess criteria, and graded children as "easy," "slow to warm-up," and "difficult." The academic performance of the children was graded (parental ratings) on a five-point Likert scale. Physiological variables (heartrate [HR], oxygen saturation[SpO2], and blood pressure [BP]) were recorded by another evaluator. The correlation between anxiety levels and physiological variables was also assessed. The effects of age, sex, temperament, and academic performance on anxiety were evaluated. Results: The study included 60 children aged 8-12 years, including 36 boys and 24 girls. Seventy percent of children had mild to moderate levels of pre-extraction anxiety, while 30% of children demonstrated high anxiety. A significant positive correlation was noted between anxiety levels and HR (rs = 0.477, P < 0.001⁎) and systolic BP (rs = 0.294, P < 0.05), while a significant but inverse correlation was observed with SpO2 (rs = -0.40, P < 0.05). Anxiety did not influence diastolic BP. Children with difficult temperament and poor academic performance had significantly higher anxiety. Conclusion: A high percentage (70%) of children aged 8-12 years had mild to moderate anxiety prior to the extraction procedure. Increased HR, systolic BP, and reduced SpO2 were significantly associated with high levels of anticipatory dental anxiety. Pre-extraction anxiety was significantly related to the temperament and scholastic performance.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.341-348
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• 2024

본 연구는 청소년의 또래애착, 자아탄력성, 학업스트레스 및 스마트폰 중독 간의 구조 관계와 직접효과, 간접효과를 분석하는데 그 목적이 있다. 본 연구 대상은 한국육아정책연구소의 아동패널 14차 연구에 참여한 중학생 총1280명의 패널데이터를 활용하였다. 자료분석은 SPSS 24.0과 AMOS 24.0 프로그램을 사용하였다. 연구결과로 아동의 또래애착은 자아탄력성과 정적상관관계, 학업스트레스와 부적상관관계, 스마트폰 중독과는 부적상관관계를 나타냈다. 또래애착과 스마트폰 중독을 제외한 모든 경로가 직접적인 영향관계가 있는 것으로 나타났으며 청소년의 또래애착은 자아탄력성과 부모성취압력을 매개로 하여 스마트폰 중독에 간접효과가 있었다. 결론적으로 청소년의 스마트폰 중독을 낮추기 위해서는 또래애착을 통해 자아탄력성을 증진시키고 학업스트레스를 감소시킬 수 있는 실천적 개입이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.201-207
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• 2016

In this paper, an aluminum pressure vessel (cylinder) for a 200 m water depth is designed and analyzed. Because of their lack of usage in the deep sea, only a few papers about pressure vessels subjected to external pressures have previously been published. Moreover, the high level of imported external-pressure-vessel products limits the academic pursuit. Yet, research on internal pressure vessels is widely available because of their broad usage at onshore. This paper presents the process of basic designing and modelling of pressure vessels using the design rules of American Standard of Mechanical Engineering (ASME) Section VIII Division 1. To promote understanding, finite element analysis (FEA) result of an existing sample cylinder which was not designed by ASME code is compared with the design obtained in this paper. Several methodologies are used for the finite element analysis, including rectangular, cylindrical, and axisymmetric coordinate, to attain an accurate stress result. Same dimensions except the thickness of the cylinder and loading condition of 0.200 MPa was given for the current study. Finally, a rigorous design procedure is added for the bolt and boundary conditions of the cylindrical body and its ends. The obtained stress level satisfies the allowable design stress value specified in the ASME code.

• 재활간호학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.29-37
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop effective timeout protocol in coordination with current practice and test its clinical effectiveness in pursuit of safety management for patients undergoing cataract surgery. Methods: A total of subjects were 60 women, 50~65 years old, who visit C ophthalmology clinic in D city. They were assigned to 30 experimental group and 30 control group, respectively. Based on the comprehensive literature review, timeout protocol that was suitable for patients undergoing cataract surgery was developed, and then test its effectiveness by measuring blood pressure, pulse, anxiety and sense of well-being among surgical patients. Results: The timeout protocol was found to reduce blood pressure, pulse, and anxiety and increase well-being among surgical patients. Conclusion: As a results, it is necessary to introduce an effective timeout protocol giving positive responses to surgical patients, hence it should be develop a timeout protocol and explore the effectiveness of the protocol.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제32권7호
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• pp.1044-1050
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• 2008

Most of developed countries, the consumption of fossil fuels has been serious problems that cause serious environment pollution like acid rain, global warming. Also, we have faced that limitation fossil fuels will be exhausted. Currently, small hydropower attracts attention because of its small, clean, renewable, and abundant energy resources to develop. By using a small hydropower generator of which main concept is based on using the different water pressure levels in pipe lines, energy which was initially wasted by use of a reducing valve at the end of the pipeline, is collected by turbine in the hydropower generator. A propeller shaped hydroturbine has been used in order to use this renewable pressure energy. In this study, in order to acquire basic design data of tubular type hydraulic turbine, output power, head, efficiency characteristics due to the flow coefficient are examined in detail. Tubular-turbine among small hydraulic power generation can be used at low-head. The purpose of this study is to research turbine's efficiency due to runner vane angle using CFD analysis.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2000

All clinical nurses are not only faced with the physical and emotional needs of patients but also exposed to the heavy workload. In clinical settings, the nurses' stress becomes more and more critical. Understanding the stress experienced by nurses is essential for planning programs to enhance patient care and to promote nurses health. Many methods to reduce the stress were practiced for patients. In this study, the investigator examined how the imagery influence the reducing the stress of clinical nurses. For this study, the recorded tape for imagery developed in the Society of Rheumatics was applied. In order to evaluate the effect of imagery on the stress of clinical nurse, stress score, serum cortisol, blood pressure, and pulse were measured on 20 clinical nurses for 20 days. The results were as follows: 1. Stress score decreased significantly in the experimental group. And the rate of decrease in stress score was significantly higher in experimental group than in the control group. 2. The level of serum cortisol decreased significantly after the application of imagery. 3. Systolic blood pressure decreased significantly after the application of imagery. These results indicate that after applying the method of imagery on the nurses, stress score, serum cortisol level, and systolic blood pressure were significantly decreased. Therefore, this study proves that imagery is one of the methods to reduce the stress of clinical nurses.

• 재활간호학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2016

Purpose: To determine the effects of 10 % lidocaine spray and aroma hand massage on pain, anxiety, blood pressure, and pulse during arteriovenous (AV) fistula needling in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental design. Forty HD patients were assigned to either 10 % lidocaine spray group (n=21) or aroma massage group (n=19). 10 % lidocaine was sprayed 3 times around AV fistula 10 minutes before. Aroma hand massage was performed for 5 minutes with fluids containing 2 % of lavender, peppermint, and geranium concentrate mixture. Pain, anxiety, blood pressure, and pulse were measured during AV fistula needling without any intervention on the first week and during interventions on the second week. Data were analyzed with ${\chi}^2$ test, Fisher's exact test, t-test, paired t-test and MANCOVA. Results: Pain and anxiety were significantly decreased in both the lidocaine spray group and aroma massage group. Aroma hand massage was more effective to reduce pulse during AV fistula needling. Conclusion: The results suggest that 10% lidocaine spray and aroma hand massage may be effective to reduce pain, anxiety, and pulse during AV fistula needling in HD patients.

• 화약ㆍ발파
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2020

발파나 충격과 관련된 연구에서 충격센서를 이용한 하중 및 진동의 계측이 널리 사용되고 있다. 하지만 대부분의 충격센서는 고가이며 외부로부터의 손상에 대해 보호할 필요성이 존재한다. 본 연구에서는 충격센서의 외부 구조적 변화에 따른 계측 대상 매질로부터 입사되는 하중정보의 왜곡현상을 보정할 수 있는 방법에 대해 고찰하였다. 홉킨슨 압력봉 시스템을 이용해 충격센서로 전달되는 충격가속도를 산출하였으며, 이와 동시에 충격진동의 감쇠를 야기하는 센서 홀더를 고안 및 적용하여 센서의 출력 값에 대한 비교분석을 수행하였다. 결과적으로 센서에 적용된 외부 구조적 변화가 센서의 진동운동 자체를 왜곡시키는 비선형 거동이 아닌 경우 본 방법을 통한 충격센서 보정기술이 합리적으로 작용할 수 있을 것으로 판단하였다.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제4권호
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• pp.30-38
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of health services on workers with hypertension in small and medium sized enterprises (20-300 employees). One hundred seventy three workers among 296 workers with hypertension were responded to the questionnaire on general and occupational characteristics, health habits and anti-hypertensive medications. Blood pressure was obtained while seated using a calibrated standard manometer before and after 4 months health services. Statistical analysis was performed using $X^2$-test and logistic regression analysis. The results were as follows ; 1. No significant differences were noted in variables of smoking, glucose intake and sleeping time, while significant differences were showed in variables of exercise time, frequency and amount of drinking and intake of salt, protain, lipid, calcium, vegetable and fruits between groups which was provided and not provided health services. 2. The rate of anti-hypertensive medication was increased and the blood pressure was decreased significantly in group which was provided health services compared with those of group which was not provided. 3. With the logistic regression analysis, significant variables affecting blood pressure change were smoking and anti-hypertensive medication. The results of this study suggested that health services on workers with hypertension in small and medium sized enterprises was effective, and the role of health professionals for health promotion movement in enterprises was important.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.14-21
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was performed to investigate the effect of shift work on diurnal blood pressure (BP) pattern in nurses. Method: We studied 20 healthy nurses engaged in 3 shift work. 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring was performed to each nurse two times during the day and night shift. Five nurses were excluded because of inadequate BP measurement. Results: All subjects were female. The mean age was 27.4 years (range: 23-33 years) and mean body mass index was 19.7 Kg/$m^2$ (range: 18.0-21.2 Kg/$m^2$). The changes of systolic BP ($17.8{\pm}9.1$ vs. $13.2{\pm}4.7%$, p=0.031), diastolic BP ($22.3{\pm}8.7$ vs. $17.3{\pm}9.0%$, p=0.061), and heart rate ($25.2{\pm}5.2$ vs. $12.5{\pm}8.7%$, p=0.001) during the sleeping period were decreased after a night shift compared with day shift. The non-dipper group significantly increased from 20% to 40% after a night shift (p=0.018). Conclusion: Working night shift is significantly associated with non-dipper status in nurses.