• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.299-306
• /
• 2016

In this paper, a vital sign sensor based on impedance variation of resonator is proposed to detect the respiration and heartbeat signals within near-field range as a function of the separation distance between resonator and subject. The sensor consists of an oscillator with a built-in planar type patch resonator, a diplexer for only pass the second harmonic frequency, amplifier, SAW filter, and RF detector. The cardiac activity of a subject such as respiration and heartbeat causes the variation of the oscillation frequency corresponding impedance variation of the resonator within near-field range. The combination of the second harmonic oscillation frequency deviation and the superior skirt frequency of the SAW filter enables the proposed sensor to extend twice detection range. The experimental results reveal that the proposed sensor placed 40 mm away from a subject can reliably detect respiration and heartbeat signals.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.407-416
• /
• 2020

Recent complex battle field demands Network Centric Warfare(NCW) ability to control various parts into a cohesive unit. In path planning filed, the NCW ability increases complexity of path planning algorithm, and it has to consider a communication coverage map as well as traditional parameters such as minimum radar exposure and survivability. In this paper, pros and cons of various propagation models are summarized, and we suggest a coverage map generation method using a Longley-Rice propagation model. Previous coverage map based on line of sight has significant discontinuities that limits selection of path planning algorithms such as Dijkstra and fast marching only. If there is method to remove discontinuities in the coverage map, optimization based path planning algorithms such as trajectory optimization and Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO) can also be used. In this paper, the Longley-Rice propagation model is used to calculate continuous RF strengths, and convert the strength data using smoothed leaky BER for the coverage map. In addition, we also suggest other types of rough coverage map generation using a lookup table method with simple inputs such as terrain type and antenna heights only. The implemented communication coverage map can be used various path planning algorithms, especially in the optimization based algorithms.

• Korean Journal of Digital Imaging in Medicine
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.11-16
• /
• 2007

We have evaluated and compared of gradient echo and spin echo EPI for compensating about deeply distortion aspect in case of post-operation patients in magnetic resonance image. A total of 100 patients were performed on 3.0 T(GE Signa Excite E2, USA) with 8ch head coil. As a result of analysis, The SNRs of whiter and gray matter areas were 36.74 $\pm$ 06 and 39.96 $\pm$ 09 in the gradient echo EPI, the SNRs which white and gray matter areas were slightly higher than gradient echo EPI(P<0.005, paired student t-test). It was 46.24 $\pm$ 11 and 51.38 $\pm$ 13 in gradient and spin echo EPI, respectively. The signal intensity in the whiter and gray matter areas also were 87.33 $\pm$ 15.24 and 140.66 $\pm$ 13.45 in the gradient echo EPI techniques, The signal intensity of gradient echo EPI showed higher values compared to spin echo EPI. Otherwise, gradient echo EPI technique is distortion enough to operation wound and edge of the image, while spin echo EPI technique did not appear almost. In this point, the spin echo EPI technique, after surgical operation according to patient state beside gradient echo EPI techniques that signalbeside gradient echo EPI techniques that signal intensity is high and patient's case which image distortion is serious by metal etc, will be provide the useful information in adults and pediatric patients.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.988-1004
• /
• 1996

The characteristics of flow and oxygen concentration are numerically studied in Czochralski 8" silicon crystal growing process considering radiative heat transfer. The analysis of net radiative heat flux on all relevant surfaces shows growing crystal affects the heater power. Furthermore, the variation of the radiative heat flux along the crystal surface in the growing direction is confirmed and should be a cause of thermal stress and defect of the crystal. The calculated distributions of temperature and, heat flux along the wall boundaries including melt/crystal interface, free surface and crucible wall indicate that the frequently used assumption of the thermal boundary conditions of insulated crucible bottom and constant temperature at crucible side wall is not suitable to meet the real physical boundary conditions. It is necessary, therefore, to calculate radiative heat transfer simultaneously with the melt flow in order to simulate the real CZ crystal growth. If only natural convection is considered, the oxygen concentration on the melt/crystal interface decreases and becomes uniform by the application of a cusp magnetic filed. The heater power needed also increases with increasing the magnetic field. For the case of counter rotation of the crystal and crucible, the magnetic field suppresses azimutal flow produced by the crucible rotation, which results in the higher oxygen concentration near the interface.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.46-52
• /
• 2012

The rapid water pollution in stream, river, lake and sea in recent years raises an urgent need for continuous monitoring and policymaking to conserve the global clean environment. In particular, the increasing water pollution in coastal marine areas adds to the importance of the environmental monitoring systems. In this paper, the mobile server is designed to gathers information of the water quality at coastal areas. The obtained data by the server is transmitted from field servers to the base station via multi-hop communication in wireless sensor network. The information collected includes dissolved oxygen(DO), hydrogen ion exponent(pH), temperature, etc. By the information provided the real-time monitoring of water quality at the coastal marine area. In addition, wireless sensor network-based flooding routing protocol was designed and used to transfer the measured water quality information efficiently. Telosb sensor node is programmed using nesC language in TinyOS platform for small scale wireless sensor network monitoring from a remote server.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.44 no.1
• /
• pp.12-18
• /
• 2017

The dried root of Angelica species is used in traditional Chinese medicine in East Asia, particularly in Korea, China and Japan. Since the plant origin differs in these countries, they are often misused or adulterated in the commercial markets, resulting in distrust among the consumers. Enormous efforts have therefore been focused to distinguish the origin for the Angelica genus, by using morphological or cytogenetical analyses, and chemical markers based on biochemical analyses of secondary metabolites. DNA is considerably stable against different cultivation conditions, and to treatment and processing after harvesting of plants. Hence, several researches have been filed for the development of molecular markers, based on the single nucleotide polymorphisms in specific regions of DNA. However, there are several obstacles for application in the commercial markets, concerning the reproducibility, accuracy, sensitivity, and rapidity of these tests. In this review, we summarize the research achievements that help classify the origin of Angelica species, in particular, Angelica gigas Nakai. A. sinensis(oliv.) Diels, A. acutiloba Kitag., and A. acutiloba var. sugiyamae Hikino. Further researches are required for practical applications.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.118-124
• /
• 2019

Recently, the industrial field has been changed to the smart factory system based on information and communication technology (ICT) in order to improve productivity, quality and customer satisfaction. The most important machine to realize the smart factory is the AGV(automatic guided vehicle) and the adoption of AGV is increasing. Generally, AGV is developed using general purpose PLC(Programmable Logic controller), but the price of AGV is expensive and its volume is large. On the other hand, the industrial field due to space constraints in the workplace is required the low cost AGV which can be minimization, expansion of function, and easily reconfiguration. Therefore, in order to solve these problems, this study is proposed a design method of AGV controller with built-in PLC, and evaluated its performance. In the results of the experimentation, it showed good performance (speed control error = 0.021[m/s], posture control error=2.1[mm]) for the speed and posture control. In this way, when applying the proposed AGV controller in this study to the industrial filed, it is possible to reduce the size and reconfigure at low cost.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.313-333
• /
• 2017

As science and technology advanced, specialized and massive, development through mutual cooperation or research based on patent licensing such as material transfer contract, technology transfer contract etc are actively taking place to minimize or separate the cost and risk of R&D. In R&D, such mutual work can enjoy the merit of division of labor by effectively allocating resources and manpower to accomplish its goal. Inevitably, however, there are also many possibilities of disputes regarding the ownership and use of intellectual property rights resulting from such mutual/post-studies, or inventions upgraded by using prior patents. The case reviewed by this paper is noticeable regarding the recent trend of upgraded inventions. In the case, a pharmaceutical company conducted tests/assessments on the complete technology of patent owned by a university on the premise of transferring the technology, and then terminated the technology transfer contract due to reasons of toxicity. The university then filed a damage claim suit against the company for infringing the contract. This is a dispute case betw een a university which developed a potential ingredient for new medicine and a pharmaceutical company which agreed to transfer and receive the technological later on. Regarding the upgraded inventions of source patents, this case has many implications on the protection of prior patents, research contract, and research security to protect the accomplishment of research. This paper reviews the subject ruling and the protection of upgraded patents and source technologies. As critical notes, the paper also summarizes the major issues of case ruling to observe the standard of ruling patent infringement related to the extortion of upgraded patents. Then, through the ruling of the case above, the paper suggests implications and future strategies.

• Korean Journal of Labor Studies
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.85-127
• /
• 2017

Due to the management innovation policy that was introduced to governmentsupported research institutes (GSRI) in 1998, their employment structure has been continuously changing, with the most notable increase of the number of non-standard researchers and the diversification of employment contracts. This paper examines changes in the employment structure of GSRI over the last 20 years in relation to the introduction and operation of the PBS (project base system), which is a main factor that fundamentally changed the employment structure of research institutes. This paper purposes to analyze the current status of non-standard workers in the science and technology research area through interviewing standard and non-standard researchers. Under the PBS as a principle of organizing their research project, the project-managers cannot help but exploit non-standard researchers to process research within a tight budget. This structure of organizing research projects reinforces the increase of the number of non-standard researchers and diversification of non-standard employment relations. In addition, the wage and working conditions of non-standard workers are getting aggravated in this structure. Considering the characteristics of research institutes, precarious status of non-standard researchers will have negative effects on the development of science and technology.

• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.153-158
• /
• 2002

The effects of leveler on the copper trench filling were investigated during damascene plating process. To investigate the trench filling effect with the addition of a leveler, a cross-section images of the electroplated trenches with the width of$0.37{\mu}m,\;and\;0.18{\mu}m$ were observed by field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). Polyethylene glycol(PEG), 3-mercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid and Janus Green B were used as a carrier, an accelerator and a leveler. $0.37{\mu}m$ trenches were superfilled without voids, but there was voids formation in $0.18{\mu}m$ trenches when the leveler was not added into the electrolyte. On the other hand $0.18{\mu}m$ trenches were superfilled without voids with the addition of the leveler due to the reduction growth rate of copper at protrusions and edges, which yield smooth final deposit surface. The leverer effect becomes more significant as the width of trenches becomes smaller when trenches are filed.