• 한국자기학회:학술대회 개요집
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• 한국자기학회 2003년도 하계학술연구발표회 및 한.일 공동심포지엄
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• pp.21-21
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• 2003

Microstructure and magnetic transport phenomina in rf sputtered AlN/Co type ten-layered discontinuous films of nanoscaled [AlN (3 nm)/Co (t nm)]...$\sub$10/ with t$\sub$Co/=1.0∼2.0 nm have been investigated. The microstructure and tunneling magnetic resistance of the samples are strongly dependent on the thickness of Co layer. Negative tunneling magneto-resistance due to the spin-dependent transport has been observed along the current-in-plane configuration in the samples having the Co layers below 1.6 nm thick. When the thickness of Co layer was less than 1,2 nm, randomly oriented granular Co particles were completely isolated and embedded in amorphous AlN matrix, and the films showed the superparamagnetic behavior with a high MR value of Δ$\rho$/$\rho$$\sub$0/=1.8 %. As t$\sub$Co/ increases, a transition from the regime of co-existence of superparamagnetic and ferromagnetic behaviors to ferromagnetic behavior was observed. Tunneling barrier called "decay length for tunneling" for the films having the thickness of Co layer from 1.4 to 1.6 nm was measured to be ranged from 0.004 to 0.021 ${\AA}$$\^$-1/.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.1495-1500
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• 2003

Two bio-assays were conducted to evaluate turmeric root powder and mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) as alternatives to feed antibiotics for broilers. In one trial, one hundred and eighty 19-days old broilers assigned to 18 groups of 10 were fed on one of six experimental diets with three replicates during four weeks. The diets included a basal feed without additives and with either virginiamycin, MOS, or turmeric at 1, 2 and 3 g/kg, respectively. In the second trial, one hundred and forty four 21-days old broilers arranged in 16 groups of nine were fed on the first four diets with four replicates for a similar period. Virginiamycin, MOS and turmeric (1 g/kg) in the first trial generally improved the weight gain of broilers by 3.4, 6.2 and 5.3%, respectively. In the second trial they increased the weight gain significantly (p<0.05) by 8.8, 8.0 and 15.1%, respectively. Additives improved the feed efficiency up to 15.1% and carcass recovery up to 3.1% (p<0.05). Virginiamycin, MOS and turmeric (1 g/kg) markedly reduced the abdominal fat content from 1.91% BW in the control to 1.44, 0.97 and 1.2% BW, respectively, in the first trial. The corresponding values obtained in the second trial were 1.01, 0.55 and 0.6%, respectively as compared to 1.22% in the control group. All additives showed a remarkable inhibition of duodenal coliform bacteria, yeast and mould in the caecum, and all viable microbes in the ileum. A significant (p<0.05) improvement in energy and protein utilization could be recorded with supplemented diets except for high turmeric diets. Dietary 2 and 3 g/kg addition of turmeric reduced energy and protein utilization as well as fat deposition. Present results reveal that turmeric and MOS are satisfactory alternatives to antibiotics in broiler feeds. Both MOS and turmeric possess an antimicrobial effect in vivo. Turmeric may also depress fat deposition in broilers.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.17-29
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• 2004

A multiresidual analysis was performed to determine 12 sulfonamides(sulfacetamide, sulfadiazine, sulfisomidine, sulfathiazole, sulfapyridine, sulfamerazine, sulfamethazine, sulfamonomethoxine, sulfisoxazole, sulfamethoxazole, sulfaquinoxaline, and sulfadimethoxine) in beef and pork simultaneously. The multiresidual analysis for the sulfonamides currently used was able to analyze 5 kinds of sulfonamides at the same time. The method of this 12 sulfonamides multiresidual analysis in this study was matrix solid-phase dispersion(MSPD) by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC/MS). The recovery rate of the materials was measured by MSPD method with 3 different extraction solvents; Dichloromethane, DCM: Ethylacetate(3:1), DCM:EA(9:1). Also, samples (84 beef and 205 pork samples) which were positive by EEC-4 plate test from 2001 to 2003 were tested to investigate the kinds of sulfonamides using HPLC. The results from the study were as follows; 1. The recovery rate of the materials was measured by MSPD method with 3 different extraction solvents; Dichloromethane, DCM:Ethylacetate(3:1), DCM:EA(9:1). The method of extraction solvent with DCM:ethyl acetate(9:1) was the most excellent(87.7∼99.3%) in separation and reappearance. 2. In the LC/MS analysis. of sulfonamides, signal to noise ratio was showed relatively high in the positive mode and special ion in the quality analysis was determined via [M+H]$\^$+/ and m/z 156. A spectrum of sulfonamides was showed from all 12 sulfonamides. 3. The samples positive by the EEC-4 plate, a screening test method, were categorized by sulfonamides through Charm II and confirmed the kinds of sulfonamides through HPLC. 1) Among 84 beef samples positive by EEC-4 plate, 20 samples were positive by Charm II and identified as 7 sulfamethazine, 9 sulfadimethoxine, 1 sulfamonomethoxine and 3 unknown status. 2) Among 205 pork samples positive by EEC-4 plate, 42 samples were positive by Charm II and identified as 19 sulfamethazine, 1 sulfadimethoxine, 4 sulfamonomethoxine and 5 unknown status.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.13-28
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to analyze the kinematic characteristics of Ice hockey slap shot. The subjects of this study were four professional ice hockey players. The reflective markers were attached on the anatomical boundary line of body and the subjects were asked to perform the shot. Ariel Performance Analysis System was used to capture and digitize the shooting image, the data were analyzed by LabView 6i. The results were as fellows. 1. The period of the back swing phase was $0.542{\pm}0.062sec$, the down swing phase was $0.28{\pm}0.056sec$ and the total swing time was $0.825{\pm}0.017sec$ 2. The maximum linear velocity of the stick blade for x direction was shown after 7% of impact, for y, z direction were shown before 2%, 8% of Impact. 3. The maximum velocity of each segment for the left arm was $2.35{\pm}0.05m/s$ in the upper arm, $3.56{\pm}0.34m/s$ in the forearm, $4.75{\pm}0.67m/s$ in the hand. 4. The maximum velocity of each segment for the right arm was $4.67{\pm}0.43m/s$ in the upper arm, $7.22{\pm}0.69m/s$ in the forearm, $9.42{\pm}0.89m/s$ in the hand. 5. The angle of left elbow was generally flexed from the ready stance to the impact and was $82.26{\pm}3.45^{\circ}$ the moment of Impact. 6. The angle of the left shoulder was increased ut the down swing phase and was $78.74{\pm}4.78^{\circ}$ on the moment of impact. 7. The angle of the right shoulder was decreased in the down swing phase and increased before the impact. and the angle was $51.28{\pm}3.54^{\circ}$ on the moment of impact.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.123-135
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• 2011

국내 데이터베이스 구축 시장은 작년 기준으로 3조 6,633억원 규모로 추정된다. 데이터베이스 산업의 지속적인 성장과 맞물려, 데이터 마이그레이션의 중요성도 날로 높아지고 있다. 고객 위치를 찾아주는 g-CRM이나 고객에게 상품을 추천하는 맞춤 설계 기능 등은 모두 고객 데이터베이스, 상품 데이터베이스, 지리정보 데이터베이스 등이 결합되어야 구현 가능한 서비스들이다. 스마트 비즈니스의 핵심 인프라도 통합되고 완전하며 신뢰할 수 있는 데이터베이스라고 할 수 있다. 이러한 데이터베이스의 중요성에도 불구하고, 데이터 마이그레이션 및 통합 과정의 효율적인 수행 방안이나 데이터 검증 방법에 대하여는 구체적인 연구가 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 다양한 타입으로 존재하는 과학기술분야 콘텐츠들을 대상으로 데이터 마이그레이션을 위한 모델을 설계하였고, 모델을 기반으로 실제 데이터 마이그레이션 작업을 수행한 결과를 제시하였다. 아울러 데이터 마이그레이션 결과에 대한 검증을 위해 데이터베이스의 완전성, 데이터값의 일관성, 관계의 일관성을 검증하였고, ANSI/ASQ Z1.4-2003에서 제시된 샘플링 검사 기법도 적용하였다. 결과적으로 모델 수립에 의한 체계적인 데이터 마이그레이션 수행은 데이터베이스 정합성 및 데이터값의 정확성에 영향을 미치고, 고품질의 데이터베이스를 유지하기 위한 필수 요소라 할 수 있다.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.307-317
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• 2003

본 논문은 수동센서인 항공카메라와 능동센서인 레이저스캐너의 상호 보완적인 특징을 이용하여 지표면에 존재하는 다양한 지형지물 중 건물을 자동으로 추출하는 알고리즘에 대한 연구이다 제안하는 건물추출 알고리즘은 처리 단계별로 사용되는 데이터의 형태에 따라 point level process, polygon level process, parameter space level process의 세 단계로 나눌 수 있다. 첫 번째 단계인 point level process에서는 LIDAR의 점 데이터에서 과대오차를 제거하고 건물후보점들을 추출하여 같은 특성을 갖는 점들을 모아 폴리곤을 제작한다 두 번째 단계에서는 면적조건과 circularity를 이용하여 수목 폴리곤을 제거하고, 건물 폴리곤 사이의 포함관계를 정립한다. 마지막 단계에서는 이전 단계의 최종 건물 폴리곤을 공선조건식을 이용하여 항공사진 위에 투영하고 모폴로지 필터링을 통해 탐색영역을 제한한 후, Hough 변환의 파라미터 공간에서 다양한 가정과 제약조건을 이용하여 건물의 외곽선을 추출한다. 제안된 알고리즘에 의해 자동으로 추출된 건물 외곽선의 정확도를 검증하기 위하여 건물 모서리점의 3차원 좌표를 결정하였고, 이를 수치사진측량시스템에서 관측한 결과와 비교하였다. 실험결과 각 건물 모서리점의 평균제곱근오차는 X, Y, Z 각 방향으로 $\pm$8.1cm, $\pm$24.7cm, $\pm$35.9cm로 나타났다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.354-359
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• 2003

This study evaluated the effectiveness of the light emitting diode(LED) units for composite curing. To compare its effectiveness with conventional quartz tungsten halogen (QTH) light curing unit. the microhardness of 2mm composite. Z250, which had been light cured by the LEDs (Ultralume LED2, FreeLight, Developing product Dl) or QTH (XL 3000) were compared on the upper and lower surface. One way ANOVA with Tukey and Paired t-test was used at 95% levels of confidence. In addition. the amount of linear polymerization shrinkage was compared between composites which were light cured by QTH or LEDs using a custom-made linometer in 10s and 60s of light curing, and the amount of linear polymerization shrinkage was compared by one way ANOVA with Tukey. The amount of polymerization shrinkage at 10s was XL3000 > Ultralume 2. 40. 60 > FreeLight, D1 (P<0.05) The amount of polymerization shrinkage at 60s was XL3000 > Ultralume 2, 60> Ultralume 2.40 > FreeLight, D1 (P<0.05) The microhardness on the upper and lower surface was as follows ; (equation omitted) It was concluded that the LEDs produced lower polymerization shrinkage in 10s and 60s compared with QTH unit. In addition. the microhardness of samples which had been cured with LEDs was lower on the lower surfaces than the upper surfaces whereas there was no difference in QTH cured samples.

• 대한유전성대사질환학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.86-93
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• 2003

Background : The SCL began screening of newborns and high risk group blood spots with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) in April 2001. Our goal was to determine approximate prevalence of metabolic disorders, optimization of decision criteria for estimation of preventive effect with early diagnosis. This report describes the ongoing effort to identify more than 30 metabolic disorders by MS/MS in South Korea. Methods : Blood spot was collected from day 2 to 30 (mostly from day 2 to 10) after birth for newborn. Blood spot of high risk group was from the pediatric patients in NICU, developmental delay, mental retardation, strong family history of metabolic disorders. One punch (3.2 mm ID) of dried blood spots was extracted with $150{\mu}L$ of methanol containing isotopically labelled amino acids (AA) and acylcarnitines (AC) internal standards. Butanolic HCl was added and incubated at $65^{\circ}C$ for 15 min. The butylated extract was introduced into the inlet of MS/MS. Neutral loss of m/z 102 and parent ion mode of m/z 85 were set for the analyses of AA and AC, respectively. Diagnosis was confirmed by repeating acylcarnitine profile, urine organic acid and plasma amino acid analysis, direct enzyme assay, or molecular testing. Results : Approximately 31,000 neonates and children were screened and the estimated prevalence (newborn/high risk group), sensitivity, specificity and recall rate amounted to 1:2384/1:2066, 96.55%, 99.98%, and 0.73%, respectively. Confirmed 28 (0.09%) multiple metabolic disorders (newborn/high risk) were as follows; 13 amino acid disorders [classical PKU (3/4), BH4 deficient-hyperphenylalaninemia (0/1), Citrullinemia (1/0), Homocystinuria (0/2), Hypermethioninemia (0/1), Tyrosinemia (1/0)], 8 organic acidurias [Propionic aciduria (2/1), Methylmalonic aciduria (0/1), Isovaleric aciduria (1/1), 3-methylcrotonylglycineuria (1/0), Glutaric aciduria type1 (1/0)], 7 fatty acid oxidation disorders [LCHAD def. (2/2), Mitochondrial TFP def. (0/1), VLCAD def. (1/0), LC3KT def. (0/1). Conclnsion : The relatively normal development of 10 patients with metabolic disorders among newborns (except for the expired) demonstrates the usefulness of newborn screening by MS/MS for early diagnosis and medical intervention. However, close coordination between the MS/MS screening laboratory and the metabolic clinic/biochmical geneticists is needed to determine proper decision of screening parameters, confirmation diagnosis, follow-up scheme and additional tests.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2003

This study investigated the influence of IRM on marginal microleakage of 5th generation adhesives. Class V cavities with gingival margins in dentin were prepared on both buccal and lingual surfaces of 60 extract-ed human molar teeth. Prepared teeth were randomly divided into six groups. Group 1 and 4 received no temporary restoration with IRM. Group 2 and 5 were covered with IRM mixed at P/L ratio(10g/1g). Group 3 and 6 were covered with IRM mixed at P/L ratio(10g/2g). The temporary restorations were removed mechanically with an ultrasonic scaler after one-week storage in distilled water. The cavities were restored using one of two adhesives and composites ; Single Bond/Filtek Z 250(Croup 1, 2 and 3), UniFil Bond/UniFil F(Group 4, 5 and 6). Following one day storage in distilled water, the restored teeth were thermocycled for 500 cycles(between $5^{\circ}C{\;}and{\;}55^{\circ}C$) and immersed in 2 % methylene blue for dye penetration testing. The results were analysed using Kruskal-Wallis Test, Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon signed ranked test at a significance level of 0.05. The results of this study were as follows 1. Ranking of mean microleakage scores at the enamel margins was Group 10.05) 4. At the dentin margins, the microleakage of the group not pretreated with IRM was lower than that of the group pretreated with IRM. And the microleakage of UniFil Bond was lower than that of Single Bond. 5. Compared with microleakages between the enamel and dentin margins of each groups, Group 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 at dentin margin were higher microleakage than those at enamel margin. There were significant difference between enamel and dentin microleakage of Group 2 and 3(p<0.05).

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.257-261
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• 2003

밤나무의 밤꽃과 밤잎의 추출물의 항균활성을 검색하기 위하여, 이들의 화학성분을 분석하였다. 유리당 함량은 밤꽃에는 sucrose와 maltose가 많은 반면, 밤잎에는 sucrose, glucose, fructose가 가장 많았다. 탄닌은 밤잎에 1.98%, 밤꽃은 0.16%로 밤잎이 12배정도 많았다. 지방산 조성은 밤꽂과 밤잎에 linoleic acid가 가장 많았다. 밤꽃의 불포화 지방산은 61.4%, 포화 지방산은 23.1% 였으며, 밤잎은 불포화 지방산이 76.4%, 포화 지방산이 17.1%로 나타나 밤잎이 불포화 지방산 함량이 높았다. 유기산 함량은 밤꽃에 malic acid, citric acid, succinic acid, oxalic acid의 많은 순이나, 밤잎은 succinic acid, citric acid, malic acid, oxalic acid 순으로 나타났다. 아미노산 조성은 밤꽃에는 aspartic acid와 proline이 가장 많았고, 밤잎은 aspartic acid가 가장 많았으며, 아미노산의 총함량은 밤꽃이 230.33mg/100g 인데 비하여 밤잎은 1,550.36mg/100g로 약 6.7배나 높았다. 무기질은 밤꽃과 밤잎 모두에 K가 가장 많았으며, 다음은 Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Al의 순으로 나타났다. 비타민은 밤꽃과 밤잎 중에ascorbic acid가 각각 5.2 mg/100 g 및 6.4 mg/100 g 함유하고 있었으며, 다른 비타민은 모두 trace로 나타났다.