• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.54 no.5
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• pp.369-376
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• 2021

Background: Sutureless and rapid deployment valves for aortic valve replacement (AVR) were introduced in Korea in December 2016. This study evaluated changing trends in the prosthetic valves used for AVR in Korea after the introduction of sutureless and rapid deployment valves. Methods: From December 2016 to December 2018, 4,899 patients underwent AVR in Korea. After applying the exclusion criteria, 4,872 patients were analyzed to determine changes in the type of prosthetic valve used for AVR. The study period was divided into 5 groups corresponding to 5-month intervals. Results: The total number of AVR cases was 194.88±28.78 per month during the study period. Mechanical valves were used in approximately 27% to 33% of cases, and the proportion of mechanical valve use showed a tendency to decrease, with marginal significance overall (p=0.078) and significant decreases in patients less than 60 years of age and in men (p=0.013 and p=0.023, respectively). The use of sutureless valves increased from 13.4% to 25.8% of cases (p<0.001), especially in elderly patients (>70 years) and those requiring concomitant surgery. In a comparison between sutureless and rapid deployment valves, the use of Perceval S valves (a type of sutureless valve), gradually increased (p<0.001). Conclusion: After the introduction of sutureless and rapid deployment valves in Korea, the rate of use of these new valves remarkably increased, especially in elderly patients and those requiring concomitant surgery. Further studies should investigate the clinical outcomes of these new prostheses.

• 한국노년학
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.593-605
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• 2018

This study examines factors that influence older drivers to consider stopping driving in advance and whose advice plays an important role in the driving cessation decision. Data came from a nationally representative cross-sectional survey of community-dwelling older adults (N=2,076). About two thirds reported that they have considered stopping driving (62.8%) and they preferred to decide by themselves (66.0%). Logistic regression results showed that women and residents in urban areas were twice as likely to consider voluntary driving cessation compared to their counterparts. Each one year increase in age contributed to the probability that respondents would consider driving cessation by five percent. Those with greater difficulties in ADLs due to chronic illnesses were also more likely to consider driving cessation. No sociodemographic and health factors were related to whether older drivers preferred to decide by themselves or listen to others. These results imply that policies to promote self-motivation to stop driving among older drivers would be effective. Furthermore, they suggest it could be important to help older drivers plan their driving cessation in advance while still at a young-old age, and that more attention needs to be paid to men and those living in rural areas among older drivers.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.57
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• pp.165-234
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• 2018

Archival symposium was a time when men thought thoroughly about what archives were, and to carefully record such thoughts. In the time of archival symposium, I observed the people archiving. To bring out a thought for a man was a physical action that moves his own desire, language, emotion and senses simultaneously. In philosophy thought is not merely a logical and cognitive act. Thought is a physical act that includes logical thinking, feeling, emotion, will, and on. When there is a emotional change in the body, an idea about that change forms. Emotional change acts as a force that increases, decreases, accelerate and hinder the body's abilities. However, there were no suggestions for philosophical concepts from the start. Love is not taught by someone. At some point without oneself knowing we start love and really experience with our bodies what love is, and in this repeat love and undergo all these emotions. Would not the overall story of life be as such. It is different from building a car in a factory. When the archival symposium starts, we asked you to think about what archives are, and to record with such thoughts as reference. Archival symposium is still a proper noun. With the wish for it to become a general term, I report on the process and meaning of archival experiment that is the archival symposium.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.580-588
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• 2019

Background: Ginsenoside Rg1 has been shown to clear senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-${\beta}$-gal) in cultured cells. It remains unknown whether Rg1 can influence SA-${\beta}$-gal in exercising human skeletal muscle. Methods: To examine SA-${\beta}$-gal change, 12 young men (age $21{\pm}0.2years$) were enrolled in a randomized double-blind placebo controlled crossover study, under two occasions: placebo (PLA) and Rg1 (5 mg) supplementations 1 h prior to a high-intensity cycling (70% $VO_{2max}$). Muscle samples were collected by multiple biopsies before and after cycling exercise (0 h and 3 h). To avoid potential effect of muscle biopsy on performance assessment, cycling time to exhaustion test (80% $VO_{2max}$) was conducted on another 12 participants (age $23{\pm}0.5years$) with the same experimental design. Results: No changes of SA-${\beta}$-gal were observed after cycling in the PLA trial. On the contrary, nine of the 12 participants showed complete elimination of SA-${\beta}$-gal in exercised muscle after cycling in the Rg1 trial (p < 0.05). Increases in apoptotic DNA fragmentation (PLA: +87% vs. Rg1: +133%, p < 0.05) and $CD68^+$ (PLA:+78% vs. Rg1:+121%, p = 0.17) occurred immediately after cycling in both trials. During the 3-h recovery, reverses in apoptotic nuclei content (PLA:+5% vs. Rg1 -32%, p < 0.01) and increases in inducible nitrate oxide synthase and interleukin 6 mRNA levels of exercised muscle were observed only in the Rg1 trial (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Rg1 supplementation effectively eliminates senescent cells in exercising human skeletal muscle and improves high-intensity endurance performance.

• 한국노년학
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.611-632
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• 2016

Solutions for elderly health issues need to be found that take into account not only a medical perspective, but also interactions with social conditions such as socioeconomic status. With this in mind, this study aims to understand how socioeconomic status leads to health inequalities for the elderly. Specifically, this study investigates the mediating effects of socioeconomic status(income and education levels), health activities as an intermediary of the three dimensions of physical health(medical health, functional health, subjective health), accessibility of medical facilities, social participation, and social network. To test the research model, a secondary data analysis was conducted on the 2014 National Survey of Senior Citizens. The participants of the study were 10,451 elderly men and women aged 65 and above. To test the mediated model, hierarchical multiple regression analysis was conducted following the procedures suggested by Baron and Kenny(1986). In addition, a Sobel test was conducted to test the mediated model's significance. According to the analysis, the effects of income and educational levels on the health of the elderly were not the same. Additionally, different results were found depending on health dimensions. However, the overall direction of the results showed that the socioeconomic status of the elderly creates health disparities, and health behaviors, accessibility of medical facilities, social participation, and social network had significant mediation effects between socioeconomic status and physical health. Study findings especially worth noting are as follows: education was shown to have a stronger effect on health than income; effects of social integration factors such as social participation were highlighted; and significant mediating effects on the accessibility of medical facilities remained even after taking residential area into account. Results of this study shed light on health inequality mechanisms due to socioeconomic conditions and the need to find alternatives to alleviate these problems.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.53-62
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and microbiological efficacy of adjunctive local delivery of minocycline (Periocline^®) in patients receiving supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) after initial treatment. Methods: The participants were 16 men and 8 women (age, 20-65 years) who had at least 15 natural teeth, underwent SPT for more than 1 year due to chronic periodontitis, had 4 or more periodontal pocket sites deeper than 5 mm, and showed >25% gingival bleeding on probing (BoP). They were randomly assigned to the test and control groups. In the test group, mechanical debridement and local antibiotic delivery were performed for all periodontal sulci/pockets; in the control group, mechanical debridement and saline irrigation were performed. In patients who underwent SPT for more than 1 year, clinical and microbiological examinations were performed at baseline and 1 and 3 months after SPT. The clinical examination included an assessment of the periodontal pocket depth, clinical attachment level, plaque index, and BoP. Microbial tests were performed using real-time polymerase chain reaction; the relative ratios of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum were determined. Results: Both groups showed significant improvements in clinical parameters at 1 and 3 months from baseline; there were no significant changes between months 1 and 3. Intergroup differences were insignificant. The microbiological analysis revealed no significant differences in P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum ratios across time points. While intergroup differences were insignificant, there was a tendency for the P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum ratios to decrease in the test group. Conclusions: Mechanical debridement in patients receiving maintenance therapy resulted in clinically significant improvement; the effectiveness of additional local delivery of antibiotics was not significant. The ratios of P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum showed a tendency to decrease in the test group, although it was not significant.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.627-637
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• 2021

Many efforts have been made to prevent alcohol related harms such as health problems and socio-economic problems. Among them, the method of improving drinking behavior at the individual level is the most direct intervention. The effectiveness of the use of protective behavior strategies(PBS) has been widely known in Western countries. The purpose of this study is to empirically verify whether the use of PBS affects alcohol related harms in Korean adults. The survey has been conducted on 2,000 adult men and women. As a result, it is found that the use of PBS reduced alcohol related harms in adults. Among the PBS, the biggest impact on alcohol related harms is the area related serious harm reduction strategy, followed by restrictions on 'manner of drinking'. The effects of 'limiting/ stopping of drinking' is not significant. In addition, drinking frequency, binge drinking, and drinking motivations have significant positive effects on alcohol-related harms, and only social motivation has a negative effect. In this work, we propose follow-up studies on identifying relationships between protective behaviors and alcohol related factors through longitudinal studies and strengthening the use of protective behavior strategies that applied to the refined target populations.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.303-315
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• 2022

This study compared and analyzed Japan and China, two major competitors to Korea, in the male cosmetics market, which has been shifted dramatically by the outbreak of COVID-19, with implications for the ASEAN market in mind. Questionnaire copies collected from 300 men in Generation MZ living in Korea, China, and Japan were used for analysis, and SPSS 21.0 was used to conduct a statistical analysis of the collected questionnaires. The following are this study's results: First, this study identified their purchase behaviors. The average amount of money the male respondents spent on buying cosmetics was below KRW 30,000 in Korea, China, and Japan. Functionality and texture ranked as top factors contributing to cosmetics purchases in all the three countries. Second, with regard to brands preferred by the respondents, Korea and China were open to foreign brands, while Japan mostly preferred its domestic brands. Functionality and texture ranked as top factors contributing to cosmetics purchase in all the three countries. Second, with regard to brands preferred by the respondents, Korea and China were open to foreign brands, while Japan mostly preferred its domestic brands. Third, this study found changes in the use of cosmetics since the outbreak of COVID-19. The respondents' biggest skin concern since COVID-19 was acne in Korea and Japan and increased sebum excretion in China. Concerns about sebum were commonly ranked high across the three countries. Based on these results, this study is suggested as a reference to improve the export competitiveness of Korean male cosmetics in the ASEAN market.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.530-539
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• 2021

Background: In South Korea, areas around abandoned metal mines are designated as regions with high arsenic (As) contamination. However, studies assessing urinary As exposure, As metabolism, and relevant genetic polymorphisms in residents of these metal mine areas are lacking. Objectives: To identify factors associated with As exposure and evaluate the effects of MTHFR, As3MT, and GSTO1 genetic polymorphisms on As metabolism in residents of abandoned metal mine areas by measuring urinary As species. Methods: Urinary As species (arsenite [As³⁺], arsenate [As⁵⁺], monomethyl arsonic acid, and dimethylarsinic acid) were isolated using high-performance liquid chromatography in combination with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS). Four genetic polymorphisms (MTHFR A222V, MTHFR E429A, GSTO1 A140D, As3MT M287T) were analyzed in 144 residents of four areas around abandoned metal mines. Results: The study sample was comprised of 34.7% men and 65.3% women, with a mean age of 70.7±10.9 years. The urinary inorganic As concentration was higher among those consuming more than half locally produced rice (0.31 ㎍/L) than those consuming less than half such rice (0.18 ㎍/L). The urinary dimethylarsinic acid concentration was higher in the group that had consumed seafood in the past day (31.68 ㎍/L) than in those who had not (22.37 ㎍/L). Furthermore, individuals heterozygous in the MTHFR A222V and GSTO1 A140D polymorphism had higher urinary arsenic species concentrations than did individuals with a wild type or homozygous for the variant allele. Conclusions: Consumption of locally produced rice was associated with inorganic As exposure, whereas seafood consumption was associated with organic As exposure among residents of abandoned metal mine areas. There was no clear association between MTHFR A222V and GSTO1 A140D polymorphisms and As metabolism.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.103-114
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• 2022

Global virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) markets are growing as VR and AR become a new source of revenue for industries around the world. In the edutech sector, an industry that combines traditional education, research on new innovative educational models and business models are scarce, and improvements are needed in the technology group and business environment to realize edutech in detail. Therefore, this study aims to define the elements strategically required for VR Toon development by comparing and analyzing the characteristics of existing touch panel-based display Toon and VR Toon content experiences. Tablet PC Toon and VR Toon were selected to conduct the research. Thirty people (19 men and 11 women) from their teens through their forties were surveyed using questionnaires. The questionnaires were formulated through a quantitative method by using AttrakDiff with a 7-point scale (-3: negative words to 3: positive words). Qualitative evaluations were also performed addressing nine concepts (satisfaction, novelty, operability, creativity, understanding, education, interest, participation, expressiveness). As a result, the usability test results of educational content using tablet personal computers and VR equipment were analyzed from the viewpoint of user experience to define elements expected to be strategically required for VR Toon development.