• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.17-34
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• 2014

This study aimed to examine the research trends and to suggest future research directions in teaching-learning methods for Home Economics education, by analyzing articles published in three major academic journals in the field. From each of the research studies, the teaching-learning method, the related content area, and the learning effect measures were quantitatively codified. The data were analyzed using frequency analysis and cross-tabulations. According to the results, the number of teaching-learning method studies steadily increased since 1998 and peaked in 2010 and 2011. The most frequently studied content areas were combinations of more than two content areas, and the most frequently studied teaching-learning method was the Content-Based methods, followed by Practical Thinking/Problem Solving, and IT-Based methods. The most frequently used measures of learning effect were Knowledge/Understanding, Attitudes toward Home Economics subject, General Attitudes/Competencies, and the Attitudes toward the Instructional Method, in the order of frequencies. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the teaching-learning method research and also provide implications to the documentation of Home Economics curriculum for secondary education.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.37-54
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• 2013

This study aimed at examining the characteristics of the Korean home economics achievement standards at secondary education level, and comparing with those of U.S. home economics national standards. The specific research questions were as follows. First, the characteristics of Korean and U.S. achievement standards were examined respectively. Second, the standards of the two countries were examined in terms of the grades involved, development areas, specification level, sequence of courses, and format of statements, adopting the analysis framework of Lee, Jang, and Park(2012). Third, the achievement standards of the two countries for specific content areas, i.e. 'understanding adolescents' and 'understanding family' were compared in terms of the styles and format of statements. The findings suggest that in developing the Korean achievement standards, integration with the curriculum and detailed and specific statements are important to facilitate adoption at schools. The results of the comparison with the U.S. national standards indicates that it is important to emphasize academic rationale to home economics as a subject by clearly presenting the concepts, contents, and categories. Also, the standards will need to be stated in specific terms to allow practices and evaluations, rather than in terms that reflect value judgments.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.975-982
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• 2013

In this study, we evaluated the physicochemical, microbial, and sensory characteristics of Makgeolli made with loquat fruits during fermentation. The pH values of all samples decreased after 3 days of fermentation, with a final pH ranging from 3.91 to 4.05. Total acidity increased (from 0.71 to 0.76%) from the addition of loquat fruits after 15 days of fermentation. Amino acid content increased (from 0.13 to 0.22%) with fermentation time after 15 days of fermentation. Total sugar and reducing sugar content decreased with fermentation, but was significantly higher with the addition of loquat fruit. The alcohol content of the loquat-added groups was also higher compared to the control group after 15 days of fermentation. The microbial and yeast count of all samples increased to its maximum after 3 days and then decreased after 5 days of fermentation. The sensory score of Makgeolli made with 3% loquat fruit showed higher values than other samples. The results of this study suggest that loquat effectively serves as a natural additive for improving the sensory qualities of Makgeolli and potentially other foods.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.468-475
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• 1988

The cloned B. subtilis cdd gene encoding cytidine/2'deoxycytidine deaminase (EC 3.5.4.5) was expressed in the cdd deficient B. subtilis mutant ED40. The gene was isolted from the cdd complementing plasmid pSO21, and inserted into the EcoR1/Pvu1 sites of pGB215-110 ΔB, which is a temperature sensitivie E. coli-B. subtilis shuttle vector. In the transformed B. subtilis ED4O harboring the resulting plasmid pSO100, cdd was expressed at several hundred fold elevated levels, and the cytidine deaminase activity in E. coli containing pSO100 was twice the level in B. subtilis/pSO0100. The Km value for cytidine of the partially purified enzyme is 1.88$\times$10$^{-4}$M at pH 7.0 and the V$_{max}$ = 11.1 $\mu$mol/min/mg of protein. The enzyme was completely inhibited by 0.1M mercaptoethanol and HgCl$_2$. The inhibition by p-chrolomercurybenzoic acid showed a Ki = 5 uM. These results suggest that sulfhydryl reagents block an active site thiol group, and/or disturb the formation of the tetrameic holoenzyme.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.460-465
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• 2005

Water and ethanol extracts from Rue were prepared, and their growth inhibiting activity against Helicobacter pylori and other biological activities were examined. Total phenolic compounds in the water and ethanol extracts were present at the concentration of 16.39 mg/g, and 17.07 mg/g, respectively. At the concentration of $200\;{\mu}g/mL$ of phenolic compounds concentration, water extract produced 12 mm inhibition zone while ethanol extract produced 13 mm. The ABTS [2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)] radical decolorization and antioxidant protection factor (PF) were determined for extracts from Rue. Water extracts showed $96\%$ inhibition rate on ABTS, but ethanol extracts showed higher PF (1.2) than water extracts (0.8). Water extracts had higher electron donation ability on DPPH than ethanol extracts. But ethanol extracts had higher ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities than water extracts. Rosemarinic acid and quercetin were the most abundant phenolic compounds as analyzed by HPLC.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.34 no.9
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• pp.1308-1313
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• 2005

The physiological activity of Lycii fructus extracts were examined. Total phenolic contents in the ethanol extracts (9.5 mg/g) of Lycii fructus were higher than that of water extracts (8.7 mg/g). The chlorogenic acid ($1.7{\mu}g$ in water extracts and $1.3{\mu}g$ in $60\%$ ethanol extract) was the most abundant phenolic compound as analyzed by HPLC. The ABTS [2,2'-azinobis (3-othylbenfothiaznoline-6- sulfornic acid)] radical decolor-ization electron donating ability (DPPH) and antioxidant protection factor (PF) were determined for extracts from Lycii fructus. Water extract ($76.7\%$ on ABTS, $92.6\%$ on DPPH and 1.1 on PF) showed higher inhibition rate than $60\%$ ethanol extracts ($52.8\%,\;88.8\%$ and 1.0). Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) was determined as $1.5{\times}10^{-3}\;{\mu}M$ in $60\%$ ethanol extract. Ethanol extracts was more effective in decreasing TBARS than water extracts. The water extracts from Lycii fructus had higher angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition activity than ethanol extracts. The result will be useful for functional foods application and under-standing the physiological activities of Lycii fructus.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.369-380
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of preventive treatment experience on scaling fear level. Methods: A total of 259 adults who had visited the dental clinic were analyzed. The results were summarized as follows. Statistical analysis of the collected data was performed using the SPSS WIN 20.0 statistical program. The general characteristics, scaling experience, and the characteristics of the subjects were analyzed. Frequency of scaling according to general characteristics was analyzed by independent sample t-test, Scaling fears according to treatment experience were tested by t-test. Correlation analysis was performed for scaling fears according to the reliability of dental hygienist. Regression analysis was carried out to investigate factors affecting scaling fear. Results: Level of fear during scaling was higher in females (3.03) than in males (2.54) and that after scaling was scored higher in females (2.68) than in males (2.34) by general characteristics (p<0.001). The adults who were not healthy in oral health showed the highest levels of fear during (3.29) and after (3.00) scaling by oral health status (p<0.001). Adults who had brushing education experience showed lower fear level than those who did not after scaling (p<0.01) according to the experiences of preventive treatments. With respect to the correlation of trust level to the dental hygienists with the scaling fears, it showed higher in the trust level (-0.688) as lower level of scaling fear (-0.642) in the scaling (p<0.01). Confidence level of dental hygienist (-0.661), brushing education experience (-0.121), and oral health status (-0.121) were influenced upon the regression analysis. Conclusions: Oral health education and dental hygiene education are increasing. It is thought that active efforts are needed to promote and maintain oral health.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.159-165
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• 2011

Rosmarinus officinalis extracts had a significant antimicrobial activity against Helicobacter pyori. Total phenolic contents and inhibition zone of rosemary extracts were estimated to be 25.7 mg/g and 14 mm at $200{\mu}g/mL$ of phenolic contents, respectively. The Sephadex LH-20 and MCI-gel CHP-20 column chromatographic separations for the phenolic extracts from R. officinalis leaves led to isolation of five acids, whose structures were determined as protocatechuic acid (A), coumaric acid (B), caffeic acid (C), chlorogenic acid (D), and rosmarinic acid (E), from interpretation of spectroscopic data including nagative fast atom bombardment (FAB)-mass, $^1H$-NMR, $^{13}C$-NMR, and IR. All isolated compounds were tested for antimicrobial activity against H. pyori. The purified single compound showed less antimicrobial activity against H. pylori than the mixed purified compounds, which generate A+B, A+E, C+D, C+E (each $200{\mu}g/disc$) excellent as large clear zone by synergy effect. These results indicate rosemary extracts are preventive agents against H. pyori.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.272-283
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• 2007

This study was performed to delineate the relationship between lifestyle and nutritional risk factors associated with hypertension in representative middle-aged Korean population. Hypertension in this study is defined as hypertensive ($SBP{\geq}140mmHg\;or\;DBP{\geq}90mmHg$) adults without recognition of a disease state before a health exam. With data from the 1998 and 2001 National Health and Nutritional Survey, nutrient intakes of 6,112 adults, 40-64 years of age were calculated using food composition database and matched with health examination records by individual ID. After excluding those with extreme intake values, the number of final subjects included in the analysis was 5,200 (male 2,458, female 2,742). Using logistic regression method, socio-demographic data, lifestyle factors, and nutrient intakes were analyzed. Risky factors for hypertension revealed in this study were age, sex, BMI over 23, waist circumference, alcohol intake of more than 16g (male) or 8g (female). Regarding nutrient intakes, the intakes of highest quartile for energy (${\geq}2363.0kcal$) and protein (${\geq}90.2g$) were significantly associated with higher risk of hypertension after adjusting for age, sex, and other socio-demographic factors (OR=1.312(1.046-1.711), OR=1.488(1.194-1.854), respectively)). Although high intakes of sodium (${\geq}6604.0mg$) and phosphorus seemed to be risk factors of hypertension also before energy adjustment (OR=1.278(1.034-1.581), OR=1.280(1.024-1.600), respectively), only high intakes of energy and protein remained significant after adjustment. This study revealed that modifying risky lifestyles and dietary patterns, especially high energy intake, high protein intake, and high alcohol drinking, in middle-aged Korean adults could result in a prevalence decrease and/or prevention of hypertension.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.31-35
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• 2012

Background and Objectives: Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents approximately 80% of all lung cancers. Unfortunately, at their time of diagnosis, most patients have advanced to unresectable disease with a very poor prognosis. The oriental herbal medicine HangAm-Plus (HAP) has been developed for antitumor purposes, and several previous studies have reported its therapeutic effects. In this study, the efficacy of HAP was evaluated as a third-line treatment for advanced-stage IIIb/IV NSCLC. Methods: The study involved six patients treated at the East- West Cancer Center (EWCC) from April 2010 to October 2011. Inoperable advanced-stage IIIb/IV NSCLC patients received 3,000 or 6,000 mg of HAP on a daily basis over a 12-week period. Computed tomography (CT) scans were obtained from the patients at the time of the initial administration and after 12 weeks of treatment. We observed and analyzed the patients overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Results: Of the six patients, three expired during the study, and the three remaining patients were alive as of October 31, 2011. The OS ranged from 234 to 512 days, with a median survival of 397 days and a one-year survival rate of 66.7%. In the 12-week-interval chest CT assessment, three patients showed stable disease (SD), and the other three showed progressive disease (PD). The PFS of patients ranged from 88 to 512 days, the median PFS being 96 days. Longer OS and PFS were correlated with SD. Although not directly comparable, the OS and the PFS of this study were greater than those of the docetaxel or the best supportive care group in other studies. Conclusion: HAP may prolong the OS and the PFS of inoperable stage IIIb/IV NSCLC patients without significant adverse effects. In the future, more controlled clinical trials with larger samples from multi-centers should be conducted to evaluate the efficacy and the safety of HAP.