• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.83 no.6
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• pp.1400-1405
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• 2022

Left atrial appendage aneurysm (LAAA) is a rare heart anomaly caused by congenital dysplasia of the pectinate muscle or by an acquired pathological condition of the mitral valve or cardiac muscle. It is often incidentally discovered during chest CT or echocardiography as an abnormal dilatation of the LAA. LAAA is associated with life-threatening complications and most patients require surgical treatment. Therefore, it is important to evaluate associated complications as well as precise diagnoses. This report presents the case of a surgically confirmed LAAA in a 53-year-old female. We also discuss the pathophysiology of LAAA and significant findings related to mortality that can be detected on CT and MRI.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.4
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• pp.101-126
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• 1990

At early Cheong (淸) dynasty, in medical aspect by dependent on practical studying attitude that must found a theory only by an evidence, there had been a tendancy that hoped direct research of sages' mind-eye by escaping the theory of individual classes since Geum-Won (金-元) dynasty. Yoo Chang (喩昌), born in Man-Ryeok (萬曆) 12th year of Myung (明) dynasty (A.D.1583) and dead in Gang-Hee (康熙) 3rd year of Cheong (淸) dynasty (A.D.1664). The results were as follows after studying his practical idea of medicine. 1. Yoo Chang, by recognizing the ${\ll}$Sang-Han-Ro${\gg}$ has lost its true meaning after commented by Wang Hee (王熙), Lim Eog (林億), Seong Moo-I (成無巳), etc. according to Bang Yoo-Jip's (方有執) Chak-Gan-Jung-Jeong (錯簡重訂) theory, he diversified the protocal of ${\ll}$Sang-Han-Ro${\gg}$ 397 method and arranged under Six Meridian part. (六經) 2. The theory of Sam-Gang-Jeong-Rip (三綱鼎立) can be summerized Gye-Ji (桂枝) syndrome which is the case of Wind (風) has injured Wi (衛) stage, Ma-hwang (麻黃) syndrome which is the case of Cold (寒) has injured Yeong (榮) stage, Dae-Cheong-Ryong (大靑龍) syndrome which is the case both of Wind-Cold (風寒) has injured Yeong-Wi (榮衛) stage, and there has been Sam-Gang-Jeong-Rip theory by anterior medical practitioners already but the person who formally used its Sam-Gang-Jeong-Rip term is Yoo Chang. 3. Yoo Chang seized the On Byeng (溫病) by dividing three category and in Byon-Jeung-Si-Chi (辨證施治) he influenced to many aspect of establishment of later Byon-Jeung system On-Byong (溫病의 辨證體系) pertaining to Triple-Warmer by O-Dang (吳瑭) introducing Triple-Wanner Theory. (三焦理論) 4. At Chu-Jo-Ron (秋燥論) of ${\ll}$EUi-Moon-Beop-Ryo${\gg}$, while ${\ll}$Nae-Gyeong${\gg}$ describing if humidity injury Lung, then occur a disorder in it, Yoo Chang recognized that of au tuam when dryness injure Lung there occure a disorder is it so he insisted that at this case, must use Cheong-Joe-Goo-Pye method (淸操救肺法) withherbs, pertaing to Gam-Yoo-Ja-Yoon(甘柔滋潤性) property and he invented Cheong-Joe-Goo-Pye-Tang. (淸操救肺湯) 5. Yoo Chang', so called, Dae-Gi (大氣) indicates Yang-Gi (陽氣) of chest, he insisted that man's creation and every physiological activity depends on maintainence of Dae-Gi, and it integrate Yeong-Gi (榮氣), Wea-Gi (衛氣), Jong-Gi (宗氣), Jang-Boo-Ji-Gi (臟腑之氣), Gyeong-Rak-Ji-Gi. (經絡之氣) 6. Yoo Chang's expression about partical function and character of stomach, not only bolster its theory of historical physician's expression, that is stomach is. foundatness of postnatal period, but also it has corresponding aspect with modern medicine and clinic. 7. Yoo Chang emphasized "if one cure a disease, be must understood the character of disease first and use drugs later" (先議病 後用藥) phrase about of drug usage, and his theory of Geup-Rew-Man-Joo method (急流挽舟) and three therapy of Simple Ascite (單腹腸) are all unique opinion based upon this phrase mentioned above. 8. Yoo Chang's practical idea of medicine greatly influenced to Jang Ro (張璐), Hwang Won-A (黃元御), Oh Eui-Rak (吳儀洛), Joo Yang-Joon (周揚俊), etc. and theory of Sam-Gang-Jeng-Rip (三綱鼎立), Triple Warmer Theory of On Byong (溫疫의 三焦論治), Chu-Jo-Ron (秋燥論), Dae-Gi-Ron (大氣論) etc. became important object to student of Sang-Han (傷寒) and On-Byeng. (溫病) 9. Yoo Chang's Writings has more practical meaning than other physician's, especially, later the idea of Sang-Han (傷寒) and On-Byong (溫病) greatly contributed to development of Sang-Han theory and formation of On-Byong theory.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.743-752
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• 2015

We studied the spatio-temporal microalgal (phytoplankton and benthic diatoms) and environmental changes of the Hajeonri intertidal zone from February to November 2014. Seawater and phytoplankton analysis were conducted all through the months. The species, composition and abundance of phytoplankton and environmental factors were measured. As a result, diatom was dominant among a total of 113 species identified. On a seasonal basis (Feb. May, Aug., Nov.), we carried out studies on benthic diatoms on the surface of the sediments and their habitats at nine stations on the transect line at Hajeonri at low tide. The grain of the surface sediments was mainly composed of sandy silt and sandy mud. Organic pollution level was low. Benthic microalgal biomass (chlorophyll ${\alpha}$) was high in the spring and summer. A total of 163 benthic diatom species were identified. Navicula sp.1 and Paralia sulcata were dominant over the study period. Five diatom species were observed both in water column and on surface sediment at the same time.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.65-75
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• 2018

This study analyzes the characteristics of the urban landscape changes as a result of the introduction of private parks among the long-term uncollected urban planning facilities and enables the analysis of the characteristics of the urban landscape changes as a result of the introduction of private parks, and applied to the private park projects. The DSM with its building was established for the quantitative landscape analysis to examine the view ratio using the stacked visible analysis. The analysis showed that Jikdong Park had a high frequency of view from downtown to green due to its location, and that the development project of a private park on park and town boundaries significantly lowered the view ratio. This implies a large degree of damage to the landscape by development projects provided protection of the view as a natural landscape is of value. Chudong Park also saw its view ratio of views from downtown to the hills green area of Chudong Park was much lower than that of Jikdong Park. And it was confirmed that the ratio of view changes due to development projects was small compared to that of Jikdong Park. In other words, although Jikdong Park and Chu-dong Park were developed in a similar scale in terms of the ratio of views, they were subject to significant damage due to their location characteristics. It is also meaningful to note that the degree of change in the landscape resulting from development projects that could not be found in the assessment or review of the existing Landscape Impact. As private parks are introduced in the urban green belt, apartment development is being pushed for at the edge of the green belt. This study is meaningful in that it is derived based on the calculation that the survey results are derived based on the changes in the views on green areas that urban residents may experience as the private park project is carried out, and it should be introduced based on the calculation of the private parks.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.122-126
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• 2015

Background and Objective : Laryngeal microscopic surgery (LMS) is popular method to treat for vocal polyp. There is not always the improvement of the voice after operation. Many methods have been developed for better outcome of the surgery. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the triamcinolone injection at vocal cord during LMS. Materials and Methods : The medical records of 28 patients, received LMS under diagnosis of vocal polyp, were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were divided into two groups depending on whether triamcinolone injected or not (case group : Triamcinolone-injected group, control group : Triamcinolone-not injected group). The quality of voice was evaluated by GRBAS scale, fundamental frequency (Fo), jitter, shimmer and NHR (Noise to harmonic ratio) at previous operation, 4 weeks after operation, 8 weeks after operation. Each voice analysis factor was compared between case group and control group by Independent t-test. Results : The mean differences of each voice analysis factor. The mean difference of Jitter, Shimmer, NHR in case group were lower than in control group, and mean difference of GRBAS scale in case group were higher than in control group. These differences were not significant (p>0.05). Conclusion : Though there was a tendency of better voice outcome in patients of triamcinolone-injection, it may not be concluded that the triamcinolone injection is helpful for better voice outcome in surgery of vocal polyp due to statistical insignificance.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.153-157
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• 2009

Recently, an increasing number of bisphosphonate related osteonecrosis of the jaw(BRONJ) is being reported. A guideline has been already established in the US, but it does not seem to be fully recognized by clinicians in Korea. Therefore, a survey study was done to inform and have clinicians realize the seriousness of BRONJ. 1,341 practitioners were randomly selected out of 13,405 practitioners(by Feb of 2008, KDA) in Korea. A questionnaire was given to them between May to July in 2008. Questions were designed to investigate each respondent's experience term years in the clinic, occupation, speciality, awareness on risk of bisphosphonate, experience on treating osteonecrosis patients, awareness about the guideline on BRONJ suggested by AAOMS and whether if they ask about bisphosphonate medication history to patients before invasive treatment. 45.1% of the clinicians have reported on experiencing delayed healing on bone exposed site after extraction both in the maxilla and the mandible. However, clinicians have asked the patients whether if they are on bisphosphonate or not in only 15.1% of these cases. 56.5% of the clinicians simply knew about BRONJ but only 28.9% of the clinicians were aware that bisphosphonate can cause osteonecrosis after invasive dental treatment. Only 19.3% knew about the contents of guideline on BRONJ and 57.2% were aware of the seriousness of BRONJ. Clinicians with shorter clinical experience term were more aware of BRONJ and the guideline on BRONJ than the experienced clinicians. But awareness of the possibility of BRONJ after invasive dental treatment were about the same regardless of their clinical experience. The results show that Korean clinicians need to be more aware about BRONJ. Data on BRONJ cases in Korea should be collected and provided with additional education to let Korean clinicians know and be more aware about BRONJ.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.271-288
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• 2002

Authors investigated the pathogenesis and treatment of dennatosurgical diseases in the ImJeungJiNamUiAn(臨證指南醫案). 1. The symptoms and diseases of dermatosurgery were as follows; 1) BanSaJinRa(반사진라) : eczema, atopic dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis, lichen planus, pityriasis rosea, hives, dermographism, angioedema, cholinergic urticaria, urticaria pigmentosa, acne, milium, syringoma, keratosis pilaris, discoid lupus erythematosus, hypersensitivity vasculitis, drug eruption, polymorphic light eruption, rheumatic fever, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis(Still's disease), acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis(Sweet's syndrome), Paget's disease, folliculitis, viral exanthems, molluscum contagiosum, tinea, tinea versicolor, lymphoma, lymphadenitis, lymphangitis, granuloma annulare, cherry angioma 2) ChangYang(瘡瘍) : acute stage eczema, seborrheic dermatitis, stasis ulcer, intertrigo, xerosis, psoriasis, lichen planus, ichthyosis, pityriasis rosea, rosacea, acne, keratosis pilaris, dyshidrosis, dermatitis herpetiformis, herpes gestationis, bullae in diabetics, pemphigus, lupus erythematosus, fixed drug eruption, erythema multiforme, toxic epidermal necrolysis, toxic shock syndrome, staphylococcal scaled skin syndrome, scarlet fever, folliculitis, impetigo, pyoderma gangrenosum, tinea, candidiasis, scabies, herpes simplex, herpes zoster, chicken pox, Kawasaki syndrome, lipoma, goiter, thyroid nodule, thyroiditis, hyperthyroidism, thyroid cancer, benign breast disorder, breast carcinoma, hepatic abscess, appendicitis, hemorrhoid 3) Yeok(疫) : scarlet fever, chicken pox, measles, rubella, exanthem subitum, erythema infectiosum, Epstein-Barr virus infection, cytomegalovirus infection, hand-foot-mouth disease, Kawasaki disease 4) Han(汗) : hyperhidrosis 2. The pathogenesis and treatment of dermatosurgery were as follows; 1) When the pathogenesis of BalSa(발사), BalJin(發疹), BalLa(발라) and HangJong(項腫) are wind-warm(風溫), exogenous cold with endogenous heat(外寒內熱), wind-damp(風濕), the treatment of evaporation(解表) with Menthae Herba(薄荷), Arctii Fructus(牛蒡子), Forsythiae Fructus(連翹) Mori Cortex(桑白皮), Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus(貝母), Armeniaoae Amarum Semen(杏仁), Ephedrae Herba(麻黃), Cinnamomi Ramulus(桂枝), Curcumae Longae Rhizoma(薑黃), etc can be applied. 2) When the pathogenesis of BuYang(부양), ChangI(瘡痍) and ChangJilGaeSeon(瘡疾疥癬) are wind-heat(風熱), blood fever with wind transformation(血熱風動), wind-damp(風濕), the treatment of wind-dispelling(疏風) with Arctii Fructus(牛蒡子), Schizonepetae Herba(荊芥), Ledebouriellae Radix(防風), Dictamni Radicis Cortex(白鮮皮), Bombyx Batrytioatus(白？?), etc can be applied. 3) When the pathogenesis of SaHuHaeSu(사후해수), SaJin(사진), BalJin(發疹), EunJin(은진) and BuYang(부양) are wind-heat(風熱), exogenous cold with endogenous heat(外寒內熱), exogenous warm pathogen with endogenous damp-heat(溫邪外感 濕熱內蘊), warm pathogen's penetration(溫邪內陷), insidious heat's penetration of pericardium(伏熱入包絡), the treatment of Ki-cooling(淸氣) with TongSeongHwan(通聖丸), Praeparatum(豆？), Phyllostachys Folium(竹葉), Mori Cortex(桑白皮), Tetrapanacis Medulla(通草), etc can be applied. 4) When the pathogenesis of JeokBan(적반), BalLa(발라), GuChang(久瘡), GyeolHaek(結核), DamHaek(痰核), Yeong(？), YuJu(流注), Breast Diseases(乳房疾患) and DoHan(盜汗) are stagnancy's injury of Ki and blood(鬱傷氣血), gallbladder fire with stomach damp(膽火胃濕), deficiency of Yin in stomach with Kwolum's check (胃陰虛 厥陰乘), heat's penetration of blood collaterals with disharmony of liver and stomach(熱入血絡 肝胃不和), insidious pathogen in Kwolum(邪伏厥陰), the treatment of mediation(和解) with Prunellae Spica(夏枯草), Chrysanthemi Flos(菊花), Mori Folium (桑葉), Bupleuri Radix(柴胡), Coptidis Rhizoma(黃連), Scutellariae Radix(黃芩), Gardeniae Fructus(梔子), Cyperi Rhizoma(香附子), Toosendan Fructus(川？子), Curcumae Radix(鬱金), Moutan Cortex(牧丹皮), Paeoniae Radix Rubra(赤芍藥), Unoariae Ramulus Et Uncus(釣鉤藤), Cinnamorni Ramulus(桂枝), Paeoniae Radix Alba(白芍藥), Polygoni Multiflori Radix (何首烏), Cannabis Fructus (胡麻子), Ostreae Concha(牡蠣), Zizyphi Spinosae Semen(酸棗仁), Pinelliae Rhizoma(半夏), Poria(백복령). etc can be applied. 5) When the pathogenesis of BanJin(반진), BalLa(발라), ChangI(瘡痍), NamgChang(膿瘡). ChangJilGaeSeon(瘡疾疥癬), ChangYang(瘡瘍), SeoYang(署瘍), NongYang(膿瘍) and GweYang(潰瘍) are wind-damp(風濕), summer heat-damp(暑濕), damp-warm(濕溫), downward flow of damp-heat(濕熱下垂), damp-heat with phlegm transformation(濕熱化痰), gallbladder fire with stomach damp(膽火胃濕), overdose of cold herbs(寒凉之樂 過服), the treatment of damp-resolving(化濕) with Pinelliae Rhizoma(半夏), armeniacae Amarum Semen(杏仁), Arecae Pericarpium(大腹皮), Poria(백복령), Coicis Semen(薏苡仁), Talcum(滑石), Glauberitum(寒水石), Dioscoreae Tokoro Rhizoma(？？), Alismatis Rhizoma(澤瀉), Phellodendri Cortex(黃柏), Phaseoli Radiati Semen(？豆皮), Bombycis Excrementum(?沙), Bombyx Batryticatus(白？?), Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix(防己), etc can be applied. 6) When the pathogenesis of ChangPo(瘡泡), hepatic abscess(肝癰) and appendicitis(腸癰) are food poisoning(食物中毒), Ki obstruction & blood stasis in the interior(기비혈어재과), damp-heat stagnation with six Bu organs suspension(濕熱結聚 六腑不通), the treatment of purgation(通下) with DaeHwangMokDanPiTang(大黃牧丹皮湯), Manitis Squama(穿山甲), Curcumae Radix(鬱金), Curcumae Longae Rhizoma(薑黃), Tetrapanacis Medulla(通草), etc can be applied. 7) When the pathogenesis of JeokBan(적반), BanJin(반진), EunJin(은진). BuYang(부양), ChangI(瘡痍), ChangPo(瘡泡), GuChang(久瘡), NongYang(膿瘍), GweYang(潰瘍), Jeong(정), Jeol(癤), YeokRyeo(疫？) and YeokRyeolpDan(疫？入？) are wind-heat stagnation(風熱久未解), blood fever in Yangmyong(陽明血熱), blood fever with transformation(血熱風動), heat's penetration of blood collaterals(熱入血絡). fever in blood(血分有熱), insidious heat in triple energizer(三焦伏熱), pathogen's penetration of pericardium(心包受邪), deficiency of Yong(營虛), epidemic pathogen(感受穢濁), the treatment of Yong & blood-cooling(淸營凉血) with SeoGakJiHwangTang(犀角地黃湯), Scrophulariae Radix(玄參), Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix(丹參), Angelicae Gigantis Radix(當歸), Polygoni Multiflori Radix(何首烏), Cannabis Fructus(胡麻子), Biotae Semen(柏子仁), Liriopis Tuber(麥門冬), Phaseoli Semen(赤豆皮), Forsythiae Fructus(連翹), SaJin(사진), YangDok(瘍毒) and YeokRyeoIpDan(역려입단) are insidious heat's penetration of pericardium(伏熱入包絡), damp-warm's penetration of blood collaterals(濕溫入血絡), epidemic pathogen's penetration of pericardium(심포감수역려), the treatment of resuscitation(開竅) with JiBoDan(至寶丹), UHwangHwan(牛黃丸), Forsythiae Fructus(連翹), Curcumae Radix(鬱金), Tetrapanacis Medulla(通草), Acori Graminei Rhizoma(石菖蒲), etc can be applied. 9) When the pathogenesis of SaHuSinTong(사후신통), SaHuYeolBuJi(사후열부지), ChangI(瘡痍), YangSon(瘍損) and DoHan(盜汗) are deficiency of Yin in Yangmyong stomach(陽明胃陰虛), deficiency of Yin(陰虛), the treatment of Yin-replenishing(滋陰) with MaekMunDongTang(麥門冬湯), GyeongOkGo(瓊玉膏), Schizandrae Fructus(五味子), Adenophorae Radix(沙參), Lycii Radicis Cortex (地骨皮), Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma(玉竹), Dindrobii Herba(石斛), Paeoniae Radix Alba(白芍藥), Ligustri Lucidi Fructus (女貞子), etc can be applied. 10) When the pathogenesis of RuYang(漏瘍) is endogenous wind in Yang collaterals(陽絡內風), the treatment of endogenous wind-calming(息風) with Mume Fructus(烏梅), Paeoniae Radix Alba (白芍藥), etc be applied. 11) When the pathogenesis of GuChang(久瘡), GweYang(潰瘍), RuYang(漏瘍), ChiChang(痔瘡), JaHan(自汗) and OSimHan(五心汗) are consumption of stomach(胃損), consumption of Ki & blood(氣血耗盡), overexertion of heart vitality(勞傷心神), deficiency of Yong(營虛), deficiency of Wi(衛虛), deficiency of Yang(陽虛), the treatment of Yang-restoring & exhaustion-arresting(回陽固脫) with RijungTang(理中湯), jinMuTang(眞武湯), SaengMaekSaGunjaTang(生脈四君子湯), Astragali Radix (황기), Ledebouriellae Radix(防風), Cinnamomi Ramulus(桂枝), Angelicae Gigantis Radix(當歸), Ostreae Concha(牡蠣), Zanthoxyli Fructus(川椒), Cuscutae Semen(兎絲子), etc can be applied.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.161-165
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• 2008

The trypsin inhibitor activities (TIA) of various potato cultivars were evaluated by measuring the inhibition of trypsin inhibitor activity using N-benzoyl-DL-arginine-p-nitroanilide (BAPNA) as substrate. The TIA values of 5 potato cultivars (1.99 to 2.88 mg/g) were significantly different among cultivars (p<0.05). When the TIA values of commercially processed potatoes were determined, no TIA was detected. During cooking, the $IT_{50}$ (time required to reach 50% inhibition of TIA) values were decreased as heating temperature and time increased. The ITso of moist heating was estimated to be 0.34 min at $100^{\circ}C$, whereas for deep-fat frying the $IT_{50}$ was 0.13 min at $180^{\circ}C$ and 5.28 min for oven baking at $100^{\circ}C$. The $IT_{50}$ value of microwave cooking was 0.194 min at medium heat, and which was similar to that of pressure cooking at $120^{\circ}C$ (0.185 min). Moreover, there was a negative relationship between temperature (${\geq}80^{\circ}C$) and $IT_{50}$ values ($R^2=0.99$, p<0.01). The TIA of potato was completely inactivated by moist heating at $100^{\circ}C$ within 5 min, whereas the pressure cooking at $120^{\circ}C$ and deep-fat frying at $180^{\circ}C$ within 60 and 30 sec, respectively. Based on our results, deep-fat frying is the most effective cooking method to reduce TIA in potatoes.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.619-627
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• 2013

We investigated the characteristics and biological activity of makgeolli supplemented with different levels (0%, 1%, 3%, 5%, and 7%) of Akebia quinata fruit during fermentation. Our results showed that supplementation with Akebia quinata fruit led to an increase in the acidity level, amino acid concentration, alcohol content, and total sugar level. Makgeolli supplemented with 7% Akebia quinata fruit showed the highest total sensory score. Supplementation with Akebia quinata fruit resulted in a significant increase in the antioxidant activity and nitric oxide inhibitory activity. Further, makgeolli supplemented with Akebia quinata fruit showed anticancer activity against DU145, HeLa, MCF-7, and U87cells, and significantly enhanced antibacterial activity against Shigella flexneri. Our results indicate that Akebia quinata fruit represents an effective natural additive for enhancing the biological activities of makgeolli.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.31-35
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• 2020

Objective: The 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) are frequently prescribed medications worldwide for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Statins are considered to be well tolerated; however, they have a potential for myotoxicity. Concomitant drugs that inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 can increase the concentration of statins and thus the risk of developing myotoxicity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate risk factors associated with potential drug-drug interactions in patients receiving statins. Methods: The subjects of this study were patients aged more than 18 years who received at least one prescription of statins in a general hospital located in Chuncheon-si, Korea, between January 1, 2018, and March 31, 2018. Data regarding statin use and baseline characteristics was collected from the computerized hospital database. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors associated with potential drug-drug interactions. Results: A total of 1061 patients were finally included in the study. The incidence of potential drug-drug interactions was 45% in all subjects. According to the results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis, myocardial infarction as the indication of statin, arrhythmia or heart failure as a comorbidity, and aspartate aminotransferase levels higher than 40 IU/L were significant risk factors for potential drug-drug interactions in study subjects. Diltiazem was the most commonly co-prescribed drug that caused potential drug-drug interactions with statins. Conclusion: There was a considerable rate of potential drug-drug interactions in patients receiving statins. Health care professionals should attempt to reduce potential drug-drug interactions during statin administration.