• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
• /
• 제5권3호
• /
• pp.233-244
• /
• 2001

Stress-strain behaviour of soil varies based on stress path and stress history. There has been few study on the characteristics of yielding curve which has anisotropic compression stress history in decomposed granite soil. During this study, various stress path tests in previous anisotropic compression stress history are performed on compacted decomposed granite soil sampled at Iksan, Chonbuk. Yielding points are determined from various stress-strain curves (${\eta}-{\varepsilon}$, ${\eta}$-v, and ${\eta}$-k, ${\eta}$-W curves). Stress-strain curve is certified which shows yielding point very clearly. The shape and characteristics of anisotropic compression yielding curves are examined. The main results are summarized as follows : 1) p' constant and compressive direction in stress paths, which has experienced previous anisotropic compression stress history, shows relatively dear yielding points. 2) Yielding curves defined from ${\eta}$-k and ${\eta}$-W curve show almost perfect ellipse. 3) Directions of plastic strain incremental vector($dv^p/d{\varepsilon}^p$) are not perpendicular to yielding curve.

• 한국농공학회지
• /
• 제44권1호
• /
• pp.103-115
• /
• 2002

During this study, various stress path tests in previous isotropic and anisotropic (compression and tension) stress histories are performed on weathered granite soil sampled at Iksan, Jeonbuk. Yielding points are determined from various stress-strain curves(stress ratio-shear strain, volumetric strain, normalized energy and dissipated total energy curves). The shape and characteristics of isotropic and anisotropic yielding curves are examined. The main results are summarized as follows . 1) Yielding curries defined from stress ratio - normarized energy and dissipated total energy curves show almost perfect ellipse. 2) Directions of plastic strain incremental vector are not perpendicular to yielding curve. 3) Normarized energy and dissipated total energy spread with similar tendency with respect to yielding currie in stress space.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국콘크리트학회 2001년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.453-458
• /
• 2001

This paper presents the procedure to find the hysteresis loop of RC member using a modified strut-and-tie model. The forces and displacements at critical points, that are initial yielding point, target displacement point, unloading elastic limit, and reloading point after pinching, are investigated with the strut-and-tie models. Using bond-slip relationship, the elastic behavior of tie element is determined. The plastic flow behavior after flexural yielding is expressed by changing the location of longitudinal strut. Determination of pinching effect completes the initial hysteresis loop, assuming that the behavior of the opposite direction is symmetrical form.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.477-483
• /
• 2003

An independent kinematic hardening material model in which the reverse yielding point is defined by the Bauschinger effect factor (BEF) , has been defined for stainless steel SUS 304. The material model and the BEF are obtained experimentally and represented mathematically as continuous functions of effective plastic strain. The material model has been incorporated in a non-linear stress analysis for the prediction of reverse yielding in thick-walled cylinders during the autofrettage process of these vessels. Residual stress distributions of the independent kinematic hardening material model at the onset of reverse yielding are compared with residual stresses of an isotropic hardening model showing the significant effect of the BEF on reverse yielding predictions. Critical pressures of direct and reverse yielding are obtained for the most commonly used cylinders and a range of permissible internal pressures for an efficient autofrettaged process is recommended.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제51권5호
• /
• pp.575-586
• /
• 2024

Steel arch supports are used in mines and underground structures to provide stability. Most of the supports are made up of overlapping arches. They can behave either yieldingly or unyieldingly. If the normal force at any point of overlapping equals the slip resistance, the slide occurs. This paper presents a solution procedure for determining the load-carrying capacity of steel arch supports in the yielding implementation. This solution considers the effects of several significant elements, including differing materials and the number of clamps in yielding friction joints. The direct stiffness method is applied. The solution contains geometric, physical, and structural nonlinearity. The results obtained from numerical modeling using the provided procedure are compared to laboratory tests conducted at GIG Katowice in 2012. They show a good correlation with previously collected data from equivalent laboratory conditions.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.127-134
• /
• 2018

This study suggests the tangent modulus $E_t$ associated with partially yielded section of steel member under axially compressed. The provisions for column strength does not provide a information about failure mode of structural system. So, designers can not evaluate that a failure comes from member buckling or material yielding. The material of the axially compressed column under inelastic behavior reaches yielding point before the axial force renders the column bent. If axial members yields not by buckling effect but gradually yielding effect of material, the design code should accept related tangent modulus Et which is based on gradual yielding effect of material. This study provides the new effective tangent modulus $E_t$ derived in the case that residual stress is 30 percent and 50 percent of yielding stress respectively. The study considers idealized I section of steel which ignores web and general I section of steel with web respectively and makes conclude that tangent modulus $E_t$ with idealized I section of steel is rational.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국작물학회 1998년도 21세기 한반도 농업전망과 대책(한국작물학회.한국육종학회 공동주관 심포지움 회보)
• /
• pp.210-232
• /
• 1998

Tong-il, the high-yielding rice variety bred on early 1970, effected a turning point in modern rice production in Korea. As rice production reached the highest record yield in 1978 with HYV, Korea achieved self-sufficiency in domestic supply of rice (or the first time in (her own) history, HYV required high input of fertilizers and pesticides for proving its yielding ability and needed new techniques such as early nursery-planting to prevent chilling damage. But, farm economy did not follow the successful achievement of rice production because of increased farming cost and inflation.'Tong-il variety has been replaced by new high-yielding Japonica varieties from 1980 when record-low-temperature during summer months had persisted. Also, the cooked rice of Tong-il variety did not agree with the appetite of Korean people. Though the hectarage of Tong-il rice did reduce, farmers applied the same high-input cultural techniques for new Japonica cultivars as did for Tong-il variety. Heavy application of nitrogen fertilizer contaminated surface and ground water with nitrate ions while phosphorous fertilizer was blamed for algae pollution. Frequent spray of pesticide and herbicide reduced significantly the biotic population in paddy ecosystems including insects and soil microorganisms. The new technologies of the 21st century must be directed to produce safe food, to save natural resources, and to preserve a clean environment for human welfare. We need low-input sustainable farming techniques to provide high-yielding crops and to preserve a healthy ecosystem.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.119-126
• /
• 2002

본 논문에서는 콘크리트의 고강도화에 따른 고강도 철근의 사용 가능성과 적절한 철근강도를 연구하고자 콘크리트의 강도, 철근강도, 철근비를 주요 변수로 하여 9개의 보 실험체를 계획하였다. 2점 재하를 실시, 휨강도, 응력 이력곡선, 인장철근 항복시의 처짐량, 파괴시의 처짐량, 균열, 연성지수를 측정하여 변수에 따른 구조적 거동을 분석하였다. 고강도 철근을 적용한 부재는 항복점의 변위가 크게 나타났고, 이러한 특성이 연성지수의 감소를 가져오는 주요 요인으로 밝혀졌다. 그러나 항복이후의 거동은 동일한 강성을 갖는 일반강도철근의 부재와 유사하게 나타났다. 일반적으로 고강도 철근의 적용 시 평형철근비의 감소에 의한 철근비의 증가로 연성거동의 감소효과가 나타나고 있으나, 콘크리트의 강도를 증가시키면 연성의 증대효과를 기대할 수 있고, 본 논문으로부터 철근강도 $5500kgf/cm^2$의 경우 콘크리트 강도는 $800kgf/cm^2$ 정도가 기존 연성의 손실 없이 휨 강도를 증가시킬 수 있는 적절한 조합으로 기존의 콘크리트와 동일한 연성거동을 기대할 수 있을 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한수학회보
• /
• 제48권5호
• /
• pp.1047-1061
• /
• 2011

In this paper, a class of second-order boundary value problems with Sturm-Liouville boundary conditions or multi-point conditions is considered. Some existence and uniqueness theorems of positive solutions of the problem are obtained by using monotone iterative technique, the iterative sequences yielding approximate solutions are also given. The results are illustrated with an example.

• 소성∙가공
• /
• 제32권2호
• /
• pp.53-60
• /
• 2023

A wide range of grain size was achieved in a Fe-Cr-Mn austenitic stainless steel (STS) by cold rolling and reversion annealing. The tensile characteristics of the STS were analyzed in terms of the dependence of strain induced martensitic (SIM) transformation on the grain size. In the ultrafine grain regime, the steel showed a high yield strength over 1 GPa, a discontinuous yielding, and a prolonged yield point elongation followed by considerable strain hardening. By increasing the grain size, the discontinuous yielding diminished and the yield point elongation decreased. The microstructural examination revealed that these tensile characteristics are closely related to the suppression of SIM transformation with decreasing the grain size. Especially, the prolonged yield point elongation of the ultrafine grained STS was found to be associated with development of unidirectional ε martensite bands. Based on the microstructural examination of the deformed microstructures, the rationalization of the grain size dependence of SIM transformation was suggested.