• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제39권11호
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• pp.1079-1089
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 항복강도 1GPa 이상의 고강도재료에 대해 구형압입자를 이용한 물성평가법을 제시한다. 압입전산모사를 통해 하중-변위 관계를 응력-변형률 관계로 변환하는 네 압입변수에 대한 회귀식을 바탕으로, 고강도 물성평가용 프로그램을 작성했다. 이를 압입시험에 적용하면 단 한번의 하중-해중에서 얻어지는 데이터로 유효 응력-변형률곡선을 얻을 수 있다. 광범위한 재료들에 대해 구해진 물성치의 평균오차는 영률 0.3%, 항복강도 0.8 %, 변형경화지수 6.4 % 이내이다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.181-190
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• 2007

건축용 내화강재는 화재와 같은 고열환경에 노출되었을 때 일반 구조용 강재에 비해서 내력유지 성능이 우수하도록 개발된 고성능 강재이다. 이와 같은 건축용 내화강재를 적용한 구조체가 화재에 노출되었을 때 구조적 거동을 정확하게 평가하기 위해서는 고온에서의 항복강도, 탄성계수 변화 등의 기계적 특성치가 요구된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 압연과 TMC방식에 의한 두 가지 두께를 대상으로 건축용 내화강재의 기계적 특성 도출을 위하여 고온인장시험을 수행하였으며, 그 결과 제조방식에 따른 고온에서의 큰 기계적 특성 차이는 없는 것으로 판단되었다.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.968-980
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• 1995

Al/Al$_{2}$O$_{3}$/C hybrid metal matrix composites are fabricated by the direct squeeze infiltration method. From the microstructure of Al/Al$_{2}$O$_{3}$/C composites, uniform distribution of reinforcements and good bondings are found. Optimum processing conditions for preforms and squeeze castings are suggested. Mechanical properties, such as elastic modulus, elongation, 0.2% offset yield strength and ultimate tensile strength are obtained. Through the abrasive were test and wear surface analsis, wear behavior and its mechanism of AC2B aluminum and Al/Al$_{2}$O$_{3}$/C composites can be characterized under various sliding speed conditions. Tensile strenght elongation of Al/Al$_{2}$O$_{3}$/C composites are decreased with increasing the addition of carbon fiber. On the contrary, elastic modulus of Al/Al$_{2}$O$_{3}$/C composites is slightly improved compared with that of the unreinforced matrix alloy. The addition of carbon fiber to al/al$_{2}$O$_{3}$/C composites gives rise to improvement of the wear resistance. Specially, carbon chopped fibers play an important role in interfering sticking between the counter material and metal matirix composites. Al/Al$_{2}$O$_{3}$/C composites are suitable to high speed due to solid lubication of carbon. And wear model of Al/Al$_{2}$O$_{3}$/C composites is suggested by the examination of worn surfaces.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.17-22
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• 2024

Lightweight of plastic containers is becoming an important issue due to increasing environmental legislation and consumer awareness. In this study, the CAE analysis was conducted to optimize the shape of a 500 ml lightweight square polyethylene terephthalate(PET) bottle. First, the linear buckling alaysis using the finite element method was performed to analyze the correlation between the primary geometric parameters of the bottle and the buckling critical load. Then, the optimal geometry parameters were derived, and the actual buckling load was predicted by non-linear buckling simulation. The validity of the simulation results was verified by top-loading tests of PET bottles molded with the optimized geometry. The elastic modulus and tensile yield strength of PET through tensile tests were measured to improve the accuracy of the simulation. As a result of the tensile tests, the modulus of elasticity of PET increased from 2,900 MPa to 4,275 MPa, and the tensile yield strength increased from 52.4 MPa to 88.1 MPa. Finally the buckling load of the optimized PET bottle was found to be approximately 236 N, which is very similar to the simulation precition of 238 N. This study shows the feasibility and accuracy of the CAE analysis approach for the lightweight design of PET bottles, and will provide useful guidelines for the design of PET bottles.

• Advances in nano research
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.33-49
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• 2024

Using the mechanical treatments for mechanical properties improvement was rarely in the development scope before. This research approves through analytical ways that surface impacts can improve the quality of the surface significantly. This fact is approved for deposited titanium on silicone substrate. The new algorithm called minimum resultant error method (MREM) which is a direct combination of nanoindentation, FEM and dimensional analysis through a reverse method is utilized to extract the mechanical characteristics of the coating surface before and after impact. This method is extended to the time dependent behavior of the material to obtain strain rate coefficient. To implement this new approach, a new analysis technic is developed to define the residual stress field caused by surface impact as initial condition for nanoindentation. Analyzing the model in micro and macro scale at the same time was one of the main resolved challenges in this study. The result was obtaining of the constants of Johnson-Cook constitutive equation. Comparing the characteristics of the coating surface before and after impact shows high improvement in yield stress (34%), Elastic modulus (7.75%) and strain hardening coefficient (2.8%). The main achievement is that the strength improvement in titanium thin layer is much higher than bulk titanium. The yield strength shows 41.7% improvement for coated titanium comparing with 24% for bulk material. The rate of enhancement is about 6 times when it comes to the Young's modulus.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.138-145
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• 2018

이 연구에서는 UHPFRC의 주요 재료특성관련 설계변수로써 UHPFRC의 인장강도의 변동, 탄성계수의 변동 및 인장철근비의 변동이 UHPFRC의 휨강도에 미치는 영향을 해석적으로 파악하고자 하였다. UHPFRC의 인장강도 변동량이 ${\pm}20%$일 때 휨강도 예측 결과는 ${\pm}8{\sim}9%$ 수준의 휨강도 변동을 나타낸다. 수치 해석 결과는 UHPFRC의 인장강도의 변동이 휨강도 예측 수준에 큰 영향을 미치는 것을 나타낸다. 탄성계수 변동에 따른 휨모멘트-곡률 곡선 예측 결과는 곡선의 기울기, 즉 휨강성의 차이를 나타내고, 휨강도는 뚜렷한 차이를 나타내지 않는다. 한편, 철근항복강도가 400MPa인 경우, 철근비가 0.5%일 때에 비해 철근비가 1.0, 1.5 및 2.0%일 때 SC120f의 휨강도는 각각 30, 67 및 99%만큼 증가한다. 또한, 철근비가 0.5%일 때에 비해 철근비가 1.0, 1.5 및 2.0%일 때 SC150f의 휨강도는 각각 29, 57 및 86%만큼 증가하고, SC180f의 휨강도는 각각 25, 50 및 70%만큼 증가하였다. 따라서 철근비 변동에 따라 UHPFRC의 휨강도는 큰 영향을 받음을 나타내고, 콘크리트 설계기준 압축강도가 클수록 철근비 증가에 따른 휨강도 증가율은 더 작음을 나타낸다.

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한용접접합학회 2009년 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.97-97
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• 2009

The use of thin plate increases due to the need for light weight in large ship. Thin plate is easily distorted and has residual stress by welding heat. Therefore, the thin plate should be carefully joined to minimize the welding deformation which costs time and money for repair. For one effort to reduce welding deformation, it is very useful to predict welding deformation before welding execution. There are two methods to analyze welding deformation. One is simple linear analysis. The other is nonlinear analysis. The simple linear analysis is elastic analysis using the equivalent load method or inherent strain method from welding experiments. The nonlinear analysis is thermo-elastic analysis which gives consideration to the nonlinearity of material dependent on temperature and time, welding current, voltage, speed, sequence and constraint. In this study, the welding deformation is analyzed by using thermo-elastic method for PCTC(Pure Car and Truck Carrier) which carries cars and trucks. PCTC uses thin plates of 6mm thickness which is susceptible to welding heat. The analysis dimension is 19,200mm(length) * 13,825mm(width) * 376mm(height). MARC and MENTAT are used as pre and post processor and solver. The boundary conditions are based on the real situation in shipyard. The simulations contain convection and gravity. The material of the thin block is mild steel with $235N/mm^2$ yield strength. Its nonlinearity of conductivity, specific heat, Young's modulus and yield strength is applied in simulations. Welding is done in two pass. First pass lasts 2,100 second, then it rests for 900 second, then second pass lasts 2,100 second and then it rests for 20,000 second. The displacement at 0 sec is caused by its own weight. It is maximum 19mm at the free side. The welding line expands, shrinks during welding and finally experiences shrinkage. It results in angular distortion of thin block. Final maximum displacement, 17mm occurs around welding line. The maximum residual stress happens at the welding line, where the stress is above the yield strength. Also, the maximum equivalent plastic strain occurs at the welding line. The plastic strain of first pass is more than that of second pass. The flatness of plate in longitudinal direction is calculated in parallel with the direction of girder and compared with deformation standard of ${\pm}15mm$. Calculated value is within the standard range. The flatness of plate in transverse direction is calculated in perpendicular to the direction of girder and compared with deformation standard of ${\pm}6mm$. It satisfies the standard. Buckle of plate is calculated between each longitudinal and compared with the deformation standard. All buckle value is within the standard range of ${\pm}6mm$.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.211-216
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• 2008

최근 구조물의 국부적인 손상이 전체적인 붕괴로 이어지는 연쇄붕괴 현상에 관한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 연쇄붕괴에 관한 기존의 연구는 대부분 해석변수의 불확실성을 포함하지 않는 확정론적인 방법이므로, 해석결과에 대한 신뢰도를 알 수 없다. 본 논문에서는 재료의 항복강도, 활하중의 크기, 감쇠비, 탄성계수 등치 설계변수들이 기둥이 제거됨에 따라 발생하는 수직변위에 영향을 미치는 민감도를 분석하였다. 이를 위하여 몬테카를로 시뮬레이션, 일계이차법, 토네이도 다이어그램의 세 가지 해석기법을 적용하였다. 비선형정적 해석결과에 의하면 난수로 설정한 해석변수들 중에서 보의 항복강도가 수직변위의 변동폭이 가장 컸으며, 비선형동적해석의 경우 보의 항복강도와 감쇠비가 서로 유사한 변동폭을 가지는 것으로 나타났다.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.55-59
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• 2011

유연성 기판 상의 동박의 반복 굽힘 변형에 따른 절곡 빛 굴곡 신뢰성과 인장 특성과의 관계를 규명하기 위해 4종류의 동박 시편의 절곡 신뢰성 실험, 굴곡 선뢰성 실험과 인장 실험을 실시하였다. 절곡 신뢰성 실험은 동박에 5.3%의 굽힘 변형률을, 굴독 선뢰성 실험은 동박에 2.0%의 굽힘 변형률을 반복적으로 인가하면서 전기 저항 변화를 관찰하고 피로 수명을 평가하였다. 또한, 4가지 시편의 인장 실험을 통해 탄성 계수, 항복 강도, 연장 강도, 인성 등의 재료 물성을 구한 결과, 연성과 인성이 우수한 시편의 경우 절곡 및 굴곡 신뢰성이 크게 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 탄성 계수, 항복 강도의 경우 절곡 및 굴곡 신뢰성과 큰 연관성을 보이지 않았다. 이는 절곡 및 굴곡 변형에 의한 금속의 피로 파괴 거동은 재료의 파괴 인성과 밀접한 관계를 가지기 때문으로 판단된다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.439-459
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• 2013

Main objective of the present study is to determine the statistical properties and suitable probability distribution functions of spectral displacements from nonlinear static and nonlinear dynamic analysis within the frame work of Monte Carlo simulation for typical low rise and high rise RC framed buildings located in zone III and zone V and designed as per Indian seismic codes. Probabilistic analysis of spectral displacement is useful for strength assessment and loss estimation. To the author's knowledge, no study is reported in literature on comparison of spectral displacement including the uncertainties in capacity and demand in Indian context. In the present study, uncertainties in capacity of the building is modeled by choosing cross sectional dimensions of beams and columns, density and compressive strength of concrete, yield strength and elastic modulus of steel and, live load as random variables. Uncertainty in demand is modeled by choosing peak ground acceleration (PGA) as a random variable. Nonlinear static analysis (NSA) and nonlinear dynamic analysis (NDA) are carried out for typical low rise and high rise reinforced concrete framed buildings using IDARC 2D computer program with the random sample input parameters. Statistical properties are obtained for spectral displacements corresponding to performance point from NSA and maximum absolute roof displacement from NDA and suitable probability distribution functions viz., normal, Weibull, lognormal are examined for goodness-of-fit. From the hypothesis test for goodness-of-fit, lognormal function is found to be suitable to represent the statistical variation of spectral displacement obtained from NSA and NDA.