• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.83-109
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• 1977

Isogenic lines for glabrous leaf (gl), hull color(gh) and glutinous endosperm (wx) were used to clarify the effects of the gl, gh and wx gene on the grain yield and yield components in rice plant. Eight genotypes: glgl ghgh wxwx, glgl ghgh WxWx, glgl GH-wxwx, glgl GH-WxWx, GL-ghgh wxwx, GL-ghgh WxWx, GL-GH-wxwx and GL-GH-WxWx were evalutated in the backcrossed $F_2$ generation. Significant effects were measured for gl genotypes on heading date, gh genotypes on grain fertility, and wxwx genotypes on number of panicles per hill and 1, 000 grain weight. The grain yield of straw hull and non glutinous lines were higher than gold hull and glutinous lines. The interaction of three genes, gl, gh and wx was significant for heading date, but not significant in other characters. The average value of isogenic lines which were combined with two recessive genes and one dominant gene were lower and the C.V. value was higher than the isogenic lines which were combined with two dominant genes and one recessive gene in all characters except plant height and number of grains per plant. The average value of isogenic line combined with three recessive genes was lower and the C.V. was higher than the isogenic line combined three dominant genes in all characters measured.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.533-538
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• 1993

The Wx protein, known as starch synthase or starch glucosyl transferase (E.C. 2.4.1.11), is responsible for the amylose synthesis. In an effort to explain the mechanism of amylose biosynthesis, the starch synthase known as Wx protein was identified by analyzing the various wx rice mutants with SDS-PAGE of proteins extracted from rice starch. Finally, the 66 kDa protein was purified by extracting the starch-bound protein fractions followed by Suprose 12 gel filtration chromatography.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.89-94
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• 1998

Granule bound starch synthase (GBSS), also known as the '"waxy protein'", is responsible for the synthesis of amylose in the amyloplasts of cereal crops. In hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), GBSS is involved in amylose synthesis and rolls as an important factor to determine flour quality and end-use quality in food products. Genes on three Wx loci have been found to encode GBSS in common wheats. We developed techniques for the purification and separation of GBSS in wheat. Three major GBSS isoforms, which were encoded by the genes on three loci, Wx-A1, Wx-B1, and Wx-D1 migrating differently by one dimensional SDS-po-lyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (1D SDS-PAGE), were identified. GBSS from 66 Korean hard and soft winter wheats were purified and determined for their Wx loci and four of them were identified possessing a null allele either at the Wx-A1 and Wx-B1 loci. With help of identification of three GBSS isoforms using 1D SDS-PAGE system, we are able to identify and monitor Wx gene expressions in breeding materials for developing waxy or partial waxy wheats without experiencing consecutive selecting generations.cting generations.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.178-183
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• 2008

The growth and yield performance of 19 new com hybrids were evaluated. Results showed that all hybrids had a superior growth performance in the drained-paddy than in the upland field except for daeyul ${\times}$ cheongdo and hyoryeong ${\times}$ cheongdo in plant height, cheongdoyeop ${\times}$ wx-3 in tassel1ength, and cheongdo (black) ${\times}$ wx-3 in number of tassel branch. The same hybrids, except cheongdoyeop ${\times}$ wx-3, obtained lower ear quality in drained-paddy field compared to upland in terms of ear weight, and ear and grain setting length. The highest yield in the drained-paddy and upland fields was obtained in the hybrids ks5wx ${\times}$ ks6wx ${\times}$ cheongdo (1,633.3kg ${\cdot}$ $10a^{-1}$) and daeyul ${\times}$ wx-3 (1,516.7kg ${\cdot}$ $10a^{-1}$), respectively. Highest yield among the wx-3 crosses was obtained in daeyul which was 1,583.3kg ${\cdot}$ $10a^{-1}$ and 1,516.7kg ${\cdot}$ $10a^{-1}$ in drained-paddy and upland field, respectively. For the crosses of wx-8, highest yields were recorded in the cultivar bugye50 (1,466.7kg ${\cdot}$ $10a^{-1}$) and seokgu12 (1,384.6kg ${\cdot}$ $10a^{-1}$) for drained-paddy and upland field, respectively. In the case of cheongdo, highest yields were obtained in ks5wx ${\times}$ ks6wx (1,633.3kg ${\cdot}$ $10a^{-1}$) and seokgu14 (1,111.1kg ${\cdot}$ $10a^{-1}$) for drained-paddy and upland field, respectively. Result also showed that the drained-paddy soil had better physicochemical properties than the upland. The relatively high performance in terms of growth parameters and yield of com hybrids planted in the drained-paddy field is in agreement with the higher organic matter and micro-element content of drained-paddy field.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.224-231
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• 2003

The null pigmentation mutant (npgA1) of Aspergillus nidulans was previously characterized by its production of no pigment at any stage of its life cycle, its reduction in hyphal branching, and its delay in the asexual spore development. The chemical composition of the cell wall was also altered in npgA1 mutants that became more sensitive to Novozyme 234$\^$TM/, which is possibly due to a structural defect in the cell wall. To investigate the effects of the cell wall structure on these pleiomorphic phenomena, we examined the ultrastructure of the cell wall in the npgA1 mutant (WX17). Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) showed that after being cultured for six days, the outermost layer of the conidial wall of WX17 peeled off. Although this phenotype suggested that the cell wall structure in WX17 may be modified, examination using TEM of the fine structure of cross-sectioned hyphal wall of WX17 did not show any differences from that of FGSC4. However, staining for carbohydrates of wall layers showed that the electron-translucent layer of the cell wall was missing in WX17. In addition, the outermost layer H1 of the hyphal wall was also absent in WX17. The ultrastructural observation and cytochemical analysis of cell walls suggested that the pigmentation defect in WX17 may be attributed to the lack of a layer in the cell wall.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.121-125
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• 1997

A total of 437 landraces of rice from Vietnam were analyzed for total seed protein by SDS-PAGE and phenol reaction. The different types of glutelin $\alpha$ subunits were detected. The level of wx protein with 60kDa molecular weight was divided into 3 groups, corresponding to non-glutinous, intermediate and glutinous starch types. Based on the variation in seed storage protein and wx protein, landraces were classified into 7 groups. Frequency distribution of types A and B of glutelin $\alpha$ subunits changed with the latitude at which rice landraces were collected. Geographical cline for phenol reaction was detected.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.1041-1054
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• 2014

Let $P{\geq}3$ be an integer and let ($U_n$) and ($V_n$) denote generalized Fibonacci and Lucas sequences defined by $U_0=0$, $U_1=1$; $V_0= 2$, $V_1=P$, and $U_{n+1}=PU_n-U_{n-1}$, $V_{n+1}=PV_n-V_{n-1}$ for $n{\geq}1$. In this study, when P is odd, we solve the equations $V_n=kx^2$ and $V_n=2kx^2$ with k | P and k > 1. Then, when k | P and k > 1, we solve some other equations such as $U_n=kx^2$, $U_n=2kx^2$, $U_n=3kx^2$, $V_n=kx^2{\mp}1$, $V_n=2kx^2{\mp}1$, and $U_n=kx^2{\mp}1$. Moreover, when P is odd, we solve the equations $V_n=wx^2+1$ and $V_n=wx^2-1$ for w = 2, 3, 6. After that, we solve some Diophantine equations.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.19
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• pp.1-6
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• 1975

From the cross Tongil$^2//IR833/IR1317$ glutinouse rice lines wx 126 were bred. Some of these lines were earlier than standard variety and later than glutinous check variety. Some of them yielded as much as standard variety and showed better resostances to blast, stripe deseases and smaller brown plant hopper than standard variety. It was sosscussed that, theough the vreedong procedure, following points were proved, 1)back-cross program in roce breeding was effocoent, 2)semi-dwarf plant type of "Tongil" has high yielding poteneoality and 3) the variety "Tongil" was a good for recurrent parent for back-cross program. back-cross program.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.485-502
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• 2019

Theoretical statistics is a calculus based course. However, there are limitations to learn theoretical statistics when students do not know enough calculus techniques. Mathematical softwares (computer algebra systems) that enable calculus manipulations help students understand statistical concepts, by avoiding the difficulties of calculus. In this paper, we introduce mathematical software such as Maxima and Wolfram Alpha. To foster statistical concepts in theoretical statistics education, we present three examples that consist of mathematical derivations using wxMaxima and statistical simulations using R.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.67.2-67.2
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• 2019

We present the results of KVN and ALMA observations toward WX Psc (IRC+10011) which is a long-period variable OH/IR star. The SiO masers of v=1 and v=2, J=5-4, and the SiO thermal emission of v=0, J=5-4 were observed together with H2O v2=1 (232.6 GHz) and continuum emission at ALMA Band 6 in October 2017 (Cycle 5). This observation aims to investigate the physical association between the inner and outer parts of the circumstellar envelope (CSE) swept by the stellar winds, which is very crucial to understand the asymmetric outward motions developed during the evolutionary phases from the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars to the planetary nebulae (PNe). The strong SiO maser features and thermal emissions are detected together with the continuum emission in ALMA observation, which imply the elongated morphology of the CSE of WX Psc. While the spatial resolution of about 20 mas in ALMA observation cannot clearly resolve the detailed characteristics of the inner part of the CSE, the Korean VLBI Network (KVN) observations show the spatial distributions of the v=1 J=1-0, J=2-1, J=3-2 SiO masers emitted from the inner regions of CSE, which are the complementary to the ALMA results. Therefore, we expect these results reveal how the bipolar features of the 22 GHz H2O maser are connected to the innermost region of CSE through the dust condensation region, which is closely related to the enormous mass ejection of the evolved stars.